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An efficient light-to-heat conversion coupling photothermal effect and exothermic chemical reaction in Au NRs/V_(2)C MXene membranes for high-performance laser ignition

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2022年第5期18卷 834-842页

作者： Bo Yang Peng-fei Tang chun-jiao liu Rui Li Xiao-dong Li Jin Chen Zhi-qiang Qiao Hong-ping Zhang Guang-cheng Yang School of Materials Science and Engineering Southwest University of Science and TechnologyMianyangSichuan621010China Institute of Chemical Materials China Academy of Engineering PhysicsMianyangSichuan621900China School of Chemical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing210094PR China

MXene,a new type of two-dimensional materials,have been demonstrated as one of the best photothermal materials owing to their strong light-matter interaction and high photothermal conversion efficiency in recent ***,we report the intriguing light-to-heat conversion property of vanadium carbide(V_(2)C)MXene under irradiation of millisecond laser *** the typical photothermal materials,the V_(2)C MXene not only converts the incident laser energy to heat by the physical photothermal effect,but also triggers the exothermic oxidation of the V_(2)C *** oxidation could be greatly promoted with addition of plasmonic Au nanorods(Au NRs)for light absorption *** to the unique light-to-heat conversion property,the Au NRs/V_(2)C MXene membrane could serve as high temperature pulse(HTP)generators that is proposed for numerous applications with high demand for *** a proof-of concept application,Au NRs/V_(2)C MXene membrane was applied for laser ignition of the high energy density materials,such as 2,4,6,8,10,12-(hexanitrohexaaza)cyclododecane(HNIW or CL-20).An improved ignition performance,in terms of lowered laser threshold,is achieved as compared to the state-of-the-art light-to-heat conversion materials.

关键词： V_(2)C MXene Light-to-heat conversion Exothermic chemical reaction Plasmonic Au nanorods High temperature pulse Laser ignition

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SensFL:Privacy-Preserving Vertical Federated Learning with Sensitive Regularization

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第1期142卷 385-404页

作者： Chongzhen Zhang Zhichen liu Xiangrui Xu Fuqiang Hu jiao Dai Baigen Cai Wei Wang School of Automation and Intelligence Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing100044China Shuohuang Railway Development Co. Ltd.National Energy GroupCangzhou062350China Beijing Key Laboratory of Security and Privacy in Intelligent Transportation School of Computer Science and TechnologyBeijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing100044China

In the realm of Intelligent Railway Transportation Systems,effective multi-party collaboration is crucial due to concerns over privacy and data *** Federated Learning(VFL)has emerged as a promising approach to facilitate such collaboration,allowing diverse entities to collectively enhance machine learning models without the need to share sensitive training ***,existing works have highlighted VFL’s susceptibility to privacy inference attacks,where an honest but curious server could potentially reconstruct a client’s raw data from embeddings uploaded by the *** vulnerability poses a significant threat to VFL-based intelligent railway transportation *** this paper,we introduce SensFL,a novel privacy-enhancing method to against privacy inference attacks in ***,SensFL integrates regularization of the sensitivity of embeddings to the original data into the model training process,effectively limiting the information contained in shared *** reducing the sensitivity of embeddings to the original data,SensFL can effectively resist reverse privacy attacks and prevent the reconstruction of the original data from the *** experiments were conducted on four distinct datasets and three different models to demonstrate the efficacy of *** results show that SensFL can effectively mitigate privacy inference attacks while maintaining the accuracy of the primary learning *** results underscore SensFL’s potential to advance privacy protection technologies within VFL-based intelligent railway systems,addressing critical security concerns in collaborative learning environments.

关键词： Vertical federated learning privacy defenses

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Advances in the Development of Gradient Scaffolds Made of Nano-Micromaterials for Musculoskeletal Tissue Regeneration

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NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2025年第1期17卷 1-46页

作者： Fang, Lei Lin, Xiaoqi Xu, Ruian liu, Lu Zhang, Yu Tian, Feng Li, jiao jiao Xue, Jiajia Beijing Univ Chem Technol Beijing Lab Biomed Mat Beijing 100029 Peoples R China Beijing Univ Chem Technol State Key Lab Organ Inorgan Composites Beijing 100029 Peoples R China Univ Technol Sydney Fac Engn & IT Sch Biomed Engn Sydney NSW 2007 Australia

This review highlights the gradient variations in the structural composition of musculoskeletal tissues and comprehensively examines recent progress in the fabrication and application of biomimetic gradient scaffolds for musculoskeletal *** challenges and prospects of gradient scaffolds for clinical application are discussed. The intricate hierarchical structure of musculoskeletal tissues, including bone and interface tissues, necessitates the use of complex scaffold designs and material structures to serve as tissue-engineered substitutes. This has led to growing interest in the development of gradient bone scaffolds with hierarchical structures mimicking the extracellular matrix of native tissues to achieve improved therapeutic outcomes. Building on the anatomical characteristics of bone and interfacial tissues, this review provides a summary of current strategies used to design and fabricate biomimetic gradient scaffolds for repairing musculoskeletal tissues, specifically focusing on methods used to construct compositional and structural gradients within the scaffolds. The latest applications of gradient scaffolds for the regeneration of bone, osteochondral, and tendon-to-bone interfaces are presented. Furthermore, the current progress of testing gradient scaffolds in physiologically relevant animal models of skeletal repair is discussed, as well as the challenges and prospects of moving these scaffolds into clinical application for treating musculoskeletal injuries.

关键词： Gradient scaffolds Musculoskeletal tissues Advanced manufacturing Biomaterials Tissue regeneration

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The low-latitude sodium layer:comparative data from lidar observations at Hainan,China and São Paulo,Brazil

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2025年第1期9卷 39-53页

作者： Fang Wu Jing jiao GuoTao Yang LiFang Du ZhengKuan liu HaoRan Zheng JiXin Guo ShaoHua Gong YaJun Zhu State Key Laboratory of Space Weather National Space Science CenterChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Hainan National Field Science Observation and Research Observatory for Space Weather National Space Science CenterChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China China-Brazil Joint Laboratory for Space Weather NSSC/INPESão Josédos Campos 12227-010Brazil School of Physics and Electronics Engineering Hainan Normal UniversityHaikou 571158China

Physical and chemical processes observed in the mesosphere and thermosphere above the Earth’s low latitudes are complex and highly interrelated to activity in the low-latitude *** sodium detected by lidar can yield clues to dynamic and chemical processes in these spatial layers above the Earth’s *** paper is based on sodium layer data collected at two low-latitude stations,one in the northern hemisphere and one in the *** low-latitude sodium layer exhibits conspicuous seasonal variations in shape,density,and altitude;these variations are similar between Earth’s hemispheres:sodium layer density at both stations reaches its seasonal maximum in autumn and minimum in ***,maximal Na density over Brazil is greater than that over *** variations of Na density above the two low-latitude stations are also similar;at both,maxima are observed before *** variations of the Na layer over Brazil that differ from those observed in the northern hemisphere may be related to the South Atlantic Magnetic Anomaly(SAMA)or fountain *** suggest that low-latitude Na layer data may provide useful additional evidence that could significantly improve the low-latitude part of the WACCM-Na model.

关键词： metallic sodium layer seasonal variation nocturnal variation lidar

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The Citron homology domain of MAP4Ks improves outcomes of traumatic brain injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3233-3244页

作者： Xiaoling Zhong Wenjiao Tai Meng-Lu liu Shuaipeng Ma Tianjin Shen Yuhua Zou chun-Li Zhang Department of Molecular Biology University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTXUSA Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTXUSA Peter O’Donnell Jr.Brain Institute University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTXUSA

The mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinases(MAP4Ks)signaling pathway plays a pivotal role in axonal regrowth and neuronal degeneration following *** targeting this pathway is beneficial to brain injury remains *** this study,we showed that adeno-associated virus-delivery of the Citron homology domain of MAP4Ks effectively reduces traumatic brain injury-induced reactive gliosis,tauopathy,lesion size,and behavioral *** inhibition of MAP4Ks replicated the ameliorative effects observed with expression of the Citron homology ***,the Citron homology domain acted as a dominant-negative mutant,impeding MAP4K-mediated phosphorylation of the dishevelled proteins and thereby controlling the Wnt/β-catenin *** findings implicate a therapeutic potential of targeting MAP4Ks to alleviate the detrimental effects of traumatic brain injury.

关键词： adeno-associated virus Citron homology Citron homology domain gene therapy mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinases traumatic brain injury

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基于刻蚀处理的池沸腾传热性能实验研究

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原子与分子物理学报 2025年第3期42卷 180-188页

作者：王菊萍匡纯纯刘妮上海理工大学制冷技术研究所上海200093

为探究刻蚀处理铜板表面对池沸腾传热性能的改善效果,搭建了可视化实验平台,制备不同刻蚀浓度和刻蚀时间处理的表面,采用去离子水为工质,进行饱和池沸腾实验.结果表明,氨水刻蚀浓度越大,表面的换热性能越强,氨水刻蚀时间越长,表面换热... 详细信息

为探究刻蚀处理铜板表面对池沸腾传热性能的改善效果,搭建了可视化实验平台,制备不同刻蚀浓度和刻蚀时间处理的表面,采用去离子水为工质,进行饱和池沸腾实验.结果表明,氨水刻蚀浓度越大,表面的换热性能越强,氨水刻蚀时间越长,表面换热性能越强.热流密度为43.2 W/cm^(2)时,0.05 mol/L氨水刻蚀4 h表面、0.05 mol/L氨水刻蚀5 h表面、0.05 mol/L氨水刻蚀8 h表面、0.03 mol/L氨水刻蚀4 h表面、0.05 mol/L氨水刻蚀4 h表面和0.10 mol/L氨水刻蚀4 h表面上的换热系数分别提高了46%、92%、105%、36%、45%、78%.此外,对其表面进行表征,结果说明了其优异的沸腾性能.刻蚀处理增强了表面粗糙度,有效面积,从而促进液体的补充,能够在较小的过热度下达到更高的临界热流密度.可视化研究结果表明,刻蚀表面具有更多的成核位点,更小的气泡离开直径和离开频率.这些结果显示出刻蚀表面强化池沸腾换热的潜力.

关键词：池沸腾刻蚀传热性能气泡动力学微纳结构表面

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基于尺寸效应的钛合金二维超声辅助精密切削特性研究

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河南理工大学学报（自然科学版） 2025年第1期44卷 117-123页

作者：王鑫刘建慧焦锋新乡航空工业(集团)有限公司河南新乡453000 河南理工大学机械与动力工程学院河南焦作454000

目的为了减少尺寸效应对精密加工的影响,提高钛合金微尺度切削的加工精度与表面质量,方法将特种加工理论和精密切削方法相结合,提出二维超声辅助精密切削方法。首先,基于ABAQUS力-热耦合模型分析二维超声辅助精密切削钛合金的切削过程,... 详细信息

目的为了减少尺寸效应对精密加工的影响,提高钛合金微尺度切削的加工精度与表面质量,方法将特种加工理论和精密切削方法相结合,提出二维超声辅助精密切削方法。首先,基于ABAQUS力-热耦合模型分析二维超声辅助精密切削钛合金的切削过程,探究精密切削与二维超声辅助精密切削的切削力学特性;其次,通过试验以超声振幅、切削深度与刃口半径的比值(a_(p)/r_(n))为因素,分析尺寸效应作用下超声振动切削中切削力及单位切削力的变化规律;最后,对比分析精密切削与二维超声辅助精密切削在不同切削深度与刃口半径的比值(a_(p)/r_(n))下的表面形貌特征。结果结果表明,随着切削深度与刃口半径的比值(a_(p)/r_(n))增大,精密切削钛合金表面形貌出现黏结、凹坑、耕犁现象,而二维超声辅助精密切削加工表面则出现均匀、完整的网状表面纹理特征。另外,二维超声辅助精密切削加工单位切削力远小于精密切削加工的,且随着振幅增大,单位切削力的增长比值由57.7%降至45.2%。结论二维超声辅助精密切削能够显著改善尺寸效应中产生的负前角效应和犁切现象,降低单位切削力,提高切削过程的稳定性,在提高钛合金微尺度切屑加工精度和表面质量方面具有重要应用价值。

关键词：二维超声辅助切削尺寸效应刃口半径切削力

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Application of CRISPR/Cas9 in plant biology

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2017年第3期7卷 292-302页

作者： Xuan liu Surui Wu jiao Xu chun Sui Jianhe Wei Institute of Medicinal Plant Development Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesPeking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100193China

The CRISPR/Cas(clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPRassociated proteins) system was first identified in bacteria and archaea and can degrade exogenous substrates. It was developed as a gene editing technology in 2013. Over the subsequent years, it has received extensive attention owing to its easy manipulation, high efficiency, and wide application in gene mutation and transcriptional regulation in mammals and plants. The process of CRISPR/Cas is optimized constantly and its application has also expanded dramatically. Therefore, CRISPR/Cas is considered a revolutionary technology in plant biology. Here, we introduce the mechanism of the type II CRISPR/Cas called CRISPR/Cas9, update its recent advances in various applications in plants, and discuss its future prospects to provide an argument for its use in the study of medicinal plants.

关键词： CRISPR/Cas system Gene editing technology Gene modification Plant biology Transcriptional regulation

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Method　of　Direct　Texture　Synthesis　on　Arbitrary　Surfaces

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2004年第5期19卷 643-649页

作者： Fu-LiWu chun-HuiMei jiao-YingShi StateKeyLabofCAD＆CG ZhejiangUniversityHangzhou310027P.R.China

A direct texture synthesis method on arbitrary surfaces is proposed in thispaper. The idea is to recursively map triangles on surface to texture space until the surface iscompletely mapped. First, the surface is simplified and a tangential vector field is created overthe simplified mesh. Then, mapping process searches for the most optimal texture coordinates intexture sample for each triangle, and the textures of neighboring triangles are blended on the *** synthesized texture triangles are compressed to an atlas. Finally, the simplified mesh issubdivided to approach the initial surface. The algorithm has several advantages over formermethods: it synthesizes texture on surface without local parameterization; it does not needpartitioning surface to patches; and it does not need a particular texture sample. The resultsdemonstrate that the new algorithm is applicable to a wide variety of texture samples and anytriangulated surfaces.

关键词： texture synthesis texture mapping mesh simplification computer graphics

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Cooling phenomena in blast furnace hearth

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2018年第10期25卷 1010-1016页

作者： Ke-xin jiao Jian-liang Zhang Zheng-jian liu Yong Deng chun-lin Chen School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China CSIRO Mineral Resources Clayton South VIC 3169 Australia State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China

Cooling water provides the best protection for refractory in the blast furnace hearth. Stable and suitable water quality and abundant cooling water are the basis for long service life of the hearth. Some phenomena about cooling system in the commercial blast furnaces were described, and reasonable explanations of these phenomena were analyzed. The results show that increasing the amount of cooling water and reducing the inlet temperature of cooling water can increase the cooling effect significantly in the case of water scaling. Heat flux in the blast furnace hearth is the average heat flux of cooling stave, and the erosion of carbon brick is uneven. There is no direct connection between the actual erosion condition and the heat flux in the hearth. The change trend of thermocouple temperature and heat flux in the hearth can reflect whether the gaps exist among the bricks or not, providing an effective guidance for industrial production and the evaluation of safety state in the hearth. And, the film boiling will not occur in the normal cooling system in the blast furnace hearth.

关键词： Blast furnace hearth Cooling system Heat flux - Film boiling - Scale deposit Air gap

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