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R&D,Human Capital Investment and Productivity:Firm-level Evidence from China's Electronics Industry

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China & World Economy 2010年第5期18卷 72-89页

作者： Chih-Hai Yang chun-hung lin Daw Ma National Central University Jhongli Taiwan Tamkang University Tamsui Taiwan chung-Hua Institution for Economic Research Taipei Taiwan

Usingfirm-level panel data covering 2005-2007, the present paper examines the effects of R＆D and human capital investment on productivity in China＇s electronics industry. It is found that both R＆D and on-the-job training positively contribute to total factor productivity （TFP）. Firms＇ investment inemployees＇ health insurance andpensions, whichare components of workers＇ compensation, generate a productivity-enhancing effect, supporting the efficiency wage hypothesis. The estimated impact of R＆D on productivity varies among different forms of ownership, and foreign-owncd enterprises experience higher R＆D efficiency than state or private enterprises. After controlling for potential endogenous causality between TFP and R＆D, the above findings remain unchanged We also find that on-the-job training can improve the quality of human capital and is helpful in promoting productivity. Therefore, establishing indigenous technological capability through various technological sources is quite important, and the government should devote further effort to investing in human capital.

关键词： insurance productivity R&D training

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Hepatitis B virus persistent infection-related single nucleotide polymorphisms in HLA regions are associated with viral load in hepatoma families

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第37期27卷 6262-6276页

作者： Ai-Ru Hsieh Cathy S J Fann hung-chun lin Jennifer Tai Sen-Yung Hsieh Dar-In Tai Department of Statistics Tamkang UniversityNew Taipei City 25137Taiwan Institute of Biomedical Sciences Academia SinicaNankangTaipei 11529Taiwan Division of Hepatology Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyChang Gung Memorial HospitalLinkou Medical CenterTaoyuan 33305Taiwan

BACKGROUND Genome-wide association studies from Asia indicate that HLA-DP and HLA-DQ loci are important in persistent hepatitis B virus(HBV)*** of the key elements for HBV-related carcinogenesis is persistent viral replication and *** To examine genetic and nongenetic factors with persistent HBV infection and viral load in families with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).METHODS The HCC families included 301 hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)carriers and 424 noncarriers born before the nationwide vaccination program was initiated in *** HBV-related single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)—rs477515,rs9272105,rs9276370,rs7756516,and rs9277535—were *** associated with persistent HBV infection and viral load were analyzed by a generalized estimating *** In the first-stage persistent HBV study,all SNPs except rs9272105 were associated with persistent infection.A significantly higher area under the reciprocal operating characteristic curve for nongenetic factors vs genetic factors(P<0.001)suggests that the former play a major role in persistent HBV *** the second-stage viral load study,we added 8 HBsAg carriers born after *** 309 HBsAg carriers were divided into low(n=162)and high viral load(n=147)groups with an HBV DNA cutoff of 105 cps/***,relationship to the index case,rs477515,rs9272105,and rs7756516 were associated with viral *** on the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis,genetic and nongenetic factors affected viral load equally in the HCC family cohort(P=0.3117).CONCLUSION In these east Asian adults,the mechanism of persistent HBV infection-related SNPs was a prolonged viral replication phase.

关键词： Generalized estimating equation Genetic polymorphism Genome-wide association study Hepatitis B surface antigen Hepatitis B virus Replication

Effects of sex and generation on hepatitis B viral load in families with hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第5期23卷 876-884页

作者： Ai-Ru Hsieh Cathy SJ Fann Chau-Ting Yeh hung-chun lin Shy-Yi Wan Yi-Cheng Chen Chia-lin Hsu Jennifer Tai Shi-Ming lin Dar-In Tai Graduate Institute of Biostatistics China Medical University Institute of Biomedical Sciences Academia Sinica Division of Hepatology Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Kaohsiung Medical University College of Medicine

AIM To explore factors associated with persistent hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in a cohort of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)-affected families and then investigate factors that correlate with individual viral load among hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive relatives. METHODS questionnaire. Demographics, relationship to index case, HBsAg status of mothers and index cases were evaluated for association with the HBV persistent infection or viral load by generalized estimating equation analysis. RESULTS Among 729 relatives enrolled, parent generation (P = 0.0076), index generation (P = 0.0044), mothers positive for HBsAg (P = 0.0007), and HBsAg-positive index cases (P = 5.98 x 10(-8)) were associated with persistent HBV infection. Factors associated with HBV viral load were evaluated among 303 HBsAg-positive relatives. Parent generation (P = 0.0359) and sex (P = 0.0007) were independent factors associated with HBV viral load. The intra-family HBV viral load was evaluated in families clustered with HBsAg-positive siblings. An intra-family trend of similar HBV viral load was found for 27 of 46 (58.7%) families. Male offspring of HBsAg-positive mothers (P = 0.024) and older siblings were associated with high viral load. CONCLUSION Sex and generation play important roles on HBV viral load. Maternal birth age and nutritional changes could be the reasons of viral load difference between generations.

关键词： Familial generation Sex Hepatitis B virus Perinatal infection Viral replication

Adaptive Real-Coded Genetic Algorithm for Identifying Motor Systems

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Modern Mechanical Engineering 2015年第3期5卷 69-86页

作者： Rong-Fong Fung chun-hung lin Department of Mechanical & Automation Engineering National Kaohsiung First University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung Taiwan Graduate Institute of Electrical Engineering National Kaohsiung First University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung Taiwan

In this paper, the main objective is to identify the parameters of motors, which includes a brushless direct current (BLDC) motor and an induction motor. The motor systems are dynamically formulated by the mechanical and electrical equations. The real-coded genetic algorithm (RGA) is adopted to identify all parameters of motors, and the standard genetic algorithm (SRGA) and various adaptive genetic algorithm (ARGAs) are compared in the rotational angular speeds and fitness values, which are the inverse of square differences of angular speeds. From numerical simulations and experimental results, it is found that the SRGA and ARGA are feasible, the ARGA can effectively solve the problems with slow convergent speed and premature phenomenon, and is more accurate in identifying system’s parameters than the SRGA. From the comparisons of the ARGAs in identifying parameters of motors, the best ARGA method is obtained and could be applied to any other mechatronic systems.

关键词： Adaptive Real-Coded Genetic Algorithm (ARGA) Brushless Direct Current Motor (BLDC) Electrical Fan Induction Motor System Identification

Channel pruning on frequency response

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 159-170页

作者： Hang lin Yifan PENG lin BIE Chenggang YAN Xibin ZHAO Yue GAO School of Software Tsinghua University School of Automation Hangzhou Dianzi University

Network pruning has a significant role in reducing network parameters and accelerating the inference time of the network. Some existing methods prune the network based on the frequency of the data, and finally obtain a sub-network with high accuracy. However, according to our experimental analysis, different frequencies of information in the data contribute differently to the accuracy of the model, and using this information directly for pruning without making a selection will lead to incorrect results. We believe that pruning should retain the convolutional kernels in the network that process important information, while those kernels that process unimportant information should be removed. In this paper, we first investigate the meaning of each frequency band information in the spectrum and their contribution to the prediction accuracy of the network,and according to these results, we propose a new pruning method based on frequency response(PFR). Our PFR finds and removes the convolutional kernels in the network that specialize in processing unimportant information, resulting in a compact neural network model. PFR obtains significant experimental results on different datasets, for example, a 56.0% raduction of float points operations(FLOPs) on Res Net-50 and only 0.37% of Top-1 accuracy degradation on the Image Net dataset.

关键词： deep learning model compression filter pruning channel pruning frequency response

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Identification of a dual functional betulinic acid analog for the treatment of osteoarthritis by phenotypic screening

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Science China Life Sciences 2025年第1期68卷 300-302页

作者： Ze-Min lin Mai Xiang Wen-Hui Wei Shu-Hui Fan Li Chen Jie Wang Xiao-Qian Yang chun-Hao Yang Shi-Jun He Jian-Ping Zuo Laboratory of Immunopharmacology State Key Laboratory of Drug ResearchShanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of Sciences School of Pharmacy University of Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Pharmacy Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine State Key Laboratory of Drug Research Department of Medicinal ChemistryShanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of Sciences Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Experiment Center for Science and Technology Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Dear Editor, Phenotypic drug discovery, which observes compound effects on physiology,has given way to targeting specific molecules, but has revived by using modern methods to find drugs based on therapeutic outcomes in disease models(Vincent et al., 2022). Osteoarthritis(OA) is a prevalent chronic joint disorder, primarily affecting knee joints, with osteoclast activation due to low-grade inflammation resulting in increased bone resorption and structural changes in the joint(Katz et al.,2021).

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Fine-tuning the spatial allocation of phytohormones for smart canopy, smart breeding, and smart agriculture

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Science China Life Sciences 2025年第1期68卷 309-310页

作者： Tao Zhou lin Li National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Huazhong Agricultural University HuBei HongShan Laboratory

The dual challenges of global climate change and population growth have increased demand for higher crop yields per unit area. The innovative technology of smart agriculture aims to synergize breeding, cultivation, and production through the application of biological and informatics technologies. Historically, the “Green Revolution” introduced semidwarf varieties of certain key crops by utilizing mutations affecting gibberellin pathways, which significantly increased planting densities and yields.

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High-dense nanocrystalline W-based alloy prepared by hot isostatic pressing with uniform microstructure, ultrahigh hardness and good thermal stability

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Tungsten 2025年第1期7卷 120-136页

作者： Zao-Ming Wu lin He lin-Sen Ye Xiao-Feng Yang Jia-Jia Zhang Hong-Bo Lei Institute of Materials China Academy of Engineering Physics

High-density uniform microstructure nanocrystalline W-10wt.% Cr-5wt.% Y（W-10Cr-5Y） alloy with an average grain size of 85 nm and a relative density of 99.8% was successfully prepared.W-Cr-Y alloys with different amounts of second-phase particles were prepared by high-energy ball milling and hot isostatic pressing *** effects of composition design,ball milling parameters,and sintering parameters on the microstructure of W-Cr-Y alloys were studied.A feasible technology for controlling the synthesis of high-density nanocrystalline W-based alloys has been *** microstructure analysis of nanocrystalline W-10Cr-5Y alloy shows that there are two types of doping in the second phase:intergranular doping and intragranular *** "uniform distribution YOx-rich particles" effectively suppresses the grain growth of W and leads to the formation of nanocrystalline W-10Cr-5Y alloy.W-10Cr-5Y has an ultra-high hardness,with a Vickers hardness of 1312±12 kgf·***-temperature annealing treatment shows that W-10Cr-5Y has good thermal stability at 1000 and1100℃,as demonstrated by the comparison of Vickers hardness and grain size between annealed and unannealed alloys.

关键词： Hot isostatic pressing Microstructure Nanocrystalline tungsten Thermal stability Vickers hardness

Turbulent Agglomeration of Microparticles in a Cylinder Wake Flow Using LES-DEM:Focusing on the Effect of the Reynolds Number

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Journal of Thermal Science 2025年第1期34卷 34-49页

作者： WANG Shuang MU lin LI Xue XIE Jun DONG Ming School of Energy and Power Engineering Dalian University of Technology School of Optical Information and Energy Engineering Wuhan Institute of Technology School of Energy and Environment Shenyang Aerospace University

Turbulent agglomeration is viewed as a promising technology for enhancing fine particle removal *** better understand particle transport,agglomeration behaviors,and fluid-particle interactions,we numerically explored these phenomena under cylindrical vortex wake influence using a coupled large eddy simulation and discrete element method（LES-DEM） *** validity of the LES approach was verified by comparison with available direct numerical simulation（DNS） *** adopted the Johnson-Kendall-Roberts（JKR） contact model for particle-particle *** particle dispersion and agglomeration characteristics of particles with different diameters（dp=2-20 μm） in the laminar and transition of shear layer（TrSL） flow regimes were *** particles were concentrated at the vortex centers,while larger particles accumulated around the *** agglomeration efficiency exhibited an M-shaped profile spanwise（y-direction）.With increasing Reynolds number,the agglomeration efficiency and turbulence intensity *** particle agglomeration efficiency peaks at a certain Reynolds ***,at higher Reynolds numbers,reducing the residence time of particles in the flow field decreases the agglomeration efficiency.

关键词： discrete element method large eddy simulation microparticle particle agglomeration