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Prospective study of light dark matter search with a newly proposed DarkSHINE experiment

Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2023年第1期66卷 124-138页

作者： Jing Chen Ji-Yuan Chen Jun-Feng Chen xiang Chen Chang-Bo Fu Jun Guo Le He Zheng-Ting He Kim Siang Khaw Jia-Lin Li Liang Li Shu Li Meng Lv Dan-Ning Liu Han-Qing Liu Kun Liu Qi-Bin Liu Yang Liu Ze-Jia Lu Cen Mo Si-Yuan Song Xiao-Long Wang Yu-Feng Wang Zhen Wang Zi-Rui Wang Wei-Hao Wu Dao xiang Hai-Jun Yang Jun-Hua Zhang Yu-Lei Zhang Zhi-Yu Zhao Xu-Liang zhu chun-xiang zhu Yi-Fan zhu Tsung-DaoLee Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 201210China Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics School of Physics and AstronomyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology(MOE) Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology(SKLPPC)Shanghai 200240China Center for High Energy Physics Peking UniversityBeijing 10087lChina School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering Suzhou UniversitySuzhou 234000China School of Aeronautics and Astronautics Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China School of Electronics Information and Electrical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China R&D Center Shanghai Instituteof CeramicsChinese Academyof SciencesShanghai 20189China Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and lon-beam Application(MOE) Fudan UniversityShanghai 200443China Institute of Modern Physics Fudan UniversityShanghai 200443China IKey Laboratory for Laser Plasmas(MOE) School of Physics and AstronomyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study Shanghai JiaoTong UniversityShanghai 200240.China College of Literature Scienceand the ArtsUniversity of MichiganAnn Arbor MI 48109-1040USA Deparment of Physics Swiss Federal Institnute of Technology ZurichZurich 8093Swizerland

Dark photons have been well motivated as strong candidates for dark force carriers and light dark matter in the sub-GeV mass range.Compared with collider experiments,fixed-target experiments provide a complementary approach to searching for dark photons,particularly in the lower mass range.We have studied the physics potential of the electron-on-target experiment based on the Shanghai SHINE facility,which provides 10 MHz single electron beam at 8 GeV energy.This analysis focuses on dark photons being produced via electron and nucleon interaction and then decays to dark matter candidates,which escape detection as missing momentum in the detector.This experiment takes advantage of using missing momentum to enhance signal versus background separation power.In this study,signal samples as a function of dark photon mass and an inclusive background sample with 2.5 billion events are simulated with GEANT4.For better background estimates,major rare background processes have also been simulated.This paper presents the experiment and detector design,signal and background simulations,analysis strategy,and the prospective study of the experiment sensitivity.With 9×10^(14) electron-on-target events(about three years running),this experiment is expected to rule out most of the sensitive regions predicted by popular dark photon models.

关键词： dark matter dark photon electron-on-target experiment

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Animal models of hepatitis E infection: Advances and challenges

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第2期23卷 171-180页

作者： Ze xiang xiang-Lin He Chuan-Wu zhu Jia-Jia Yang Lan Huang chun Jiang Jian Wu Chinese Consortium for the Study of Hepatitis E(CCSHE) Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou 310030China Department of Infectious Diseases The Fifth People’s Hospital of SuzhouSuzhou 215007China Department of Infection Management The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversitySuzhou Municipal HospitalGusu SchoolNanjing Medical UniversitySuzhou 215008China Department of Clinical Laboratory The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversitySuzhou Municipal HospitalGusu SchoolNanjing Medical UniversitySuzhou 215008China 不详

Hepatitis E virus(HEV)is one of the leading causes of acute viral hepatitis worldwide.Although most of HEV infections are asymptomatic,some patients will develop the symptoms,especially pregnant women,the elderly,and patients with preexisting liver diseases,who often experience anorexia,nausea,vom-iting,malaise,abdominal pain,and jaundice.HEV infection may become chronic in immunosuppressed individuals.In addition,HEV infection can also cause several extrahepatic manifestations.HEV exists in a wide range of hosts in nature and can be transmitted across species.Hence,animals susceptible to HEV can be used as models.The establishment of animal models is of great significance for studying HEV transmission,clinical symptoms,extrahepatic manifestations,and therapeutic strategies,which will help us understand the pathogenesis,prevention,and treatment of hepatitis E.This review summarized the animal models of HEV,including pigs,monkeys,rabbits,mice,rats,and other animals.For each animal species,we provided a concise summary of the HEV genotypes that they can be infected with,the cross-species transmission pathways,as well as their role in studying extrahepatic manifestations,prevention,and treatment of HEV infection.The advantages and disadvantages of these animal models were also emphasized.This review offers new perspectives to enhance the current understanding of the research landscape surrounding HEV animal models.

关键词： Hepatitis E virus Animal models Pathogenesis Prevention Treatment

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Efficacy of ginseng-based Renshenguben oral solution for cancer-related fatigue among patients with advanced-stage hepatocellular carcinoma:A prospective multicenter cohort study

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第3期23卷 249-256页

作者： Ming-Da Wang Chen Yuan Ke-chun Wang Nan-Ya Wang Ying-Jian Liang Hong zhu xiang-Min Tong Tian Yang Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery General Surgery CenterFirst Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130021China Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery HospitalSecond Military Medical University(Naval Medical University)Shanghai 200438China Department of Clinical Laboratory Laboratory Medicine CenterZhejiang Provincial People’s HospitalHangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhou 310000China Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin 150007China Department of Medical Oncology First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China fDepartment of Central Laboratory Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s HospitalWestlake University School of MedicineHangzhou 310006China

Background:Cancer-related fatigue(CRF)is a common and debilitating symptom experienced by patients with advanced-stage cancer,especially those undergoing antitumor therapy.This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Renshenguben(RSGB)oral solution,a ginseng-based traditional Chinese medicine,in alleviating CRF in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)receiving antitumor treatment.Methods:In this prospective,open-label,controlled,multicenter study,patients with advanced HCC at BCLC stage C and a brief fatigue inventory(BFI)score of≥4 were enrolled.Participants were assigned to the RSGB group(RSGB,10 mL twice daily)or the control group(with supportive care).Primary and secondary endpoints were the change in multidimensional fatigue inventory(MFI)score,and BFI and functional assessment of cancer therapy-hepatobiliary(FACT-Hep)scores at weeks 4 and 8 after enrollment.Adverse events(AEs)and toxicities were assessed.Results:A total of 409 participants were enrolled,with 206 assigned to the RSGB group.At week 4,there was a trend towards improvement,but the differences were not statistically significant.At week 8,the RSGB group exhibited a significantly lower MFI score(P<0.05)compared to the control group,indicating improved fatigue levels.Additionally,the RSGB group showed significantly greater decrease in BFI and FACT-Hep scores at week 8(P<0.05).Subgroup analyses among patients receiving various antitumor treatments showed similar results.Multivariate linear regression analyses revealed that the RSGB group experienced a significantly substantial decrease in MFI,BFI,and FACT-Hep scores at week 8.No serious drug-related AEs or toxicities were observed.Conclusions:RSGB oral solution effectively reduced CRF in patients with advanced HCC undergoing antitumor therapy over an eight-week period,with no discernible toxicities.These findings support the potential of RSGB oral solution as an adjunctive treatment for managing CRF in this patient population.

关键词： Cancer-related fatigue Hepatocellular carcinoma Renshenguben oral solution Efficacy Safety Ginseng

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Attractor for the Extensible Beam Equation with Nonlocal Weak Damping on Time–Dependent Space

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第4期40卷 1115-1126页

作者： chun xiang ZHAO Feng Juan MENG Institute of Applied System Analysis Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013P.R.China School of Mathematics and Physics Jiangsu University of TechnologyChangzhou 213001P.R.China

In this article,we consider the long-time behavior of extensible beams with nonlocal weak damping:ε(t)u_(tt)+Δ^(2)u-m(‖▽u‖^(2))Δu+‖u_(t)‖^(p_(u_(t)))+f(u)=h,whereε(t)is a decreasing function vanishing at infinity.Within the theory of process on time-dependent spaces,we investigate the existence of the time-dependent attractor by using the Condition(C_(t))method and more detailed estimates.The results obtained essentially improve and complete some previous works.

关键词： Time-dependent attractor extensible beams equation nonlocal weak damping

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Versatile strategies for adult neurogenesis:avenues to repair the injured brain

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 774-780页

作者： Junyi Zhao Siyu Liu Xianyuan xiang Xinzhou zhu The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute(BCBDI) Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences Faculty of Life and Health Sciences Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions

Brain injuries due to trauma or stroke are major causes of adult death and disability.Unfortunately,few interventions are effective for post-injury repair of brain tissue.After a long debate on whether endogenous neurogenesis actually happens in the adult human brain,there is now substantial evidence to support its occurrence.Although neurogenesis is usually significantly stimulated by injury,the reparative potential of endogenous differentiation from neural stem/progenitor cells is usually insufficient.Alternatively,exogenous stem cell transplantation has shown promising results in animal models,but limitations such as poor long-term survival and inefficient neuronal differentiation make it still challenging for clinical use.Recently,a high focus was placed on glia-to-neuron conversion under single-factor regulation.Despite some inspiring results,the validity of this strategy is still controversial.In this review,we summarize historical findings and recent advances on neurogenesis strategies for neurorepair after brain injury.We also discuss their advantages and drawbacks,as to provide a comprehensive account of their potentials for further studies.

关键词： adult neurogenesis glia-to-neuron conversion ischemic stroke neurogenic niche neuroinflammation stem cell transplantation traumatic brain injury

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Maximal operators of pseudo-differential operators with rough symbols

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Applied Mathematics(A Journal of Chinese Universities) 2024年第1期39卷 174-180页

作者： Ramla Benhamoud zhu xiang-rong School of Mathematical Sciences Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua 321004China

Consider a pseudo-differential operator T_(a)f(x)=∫_(R^(n))e^(ix,ζ)a(x,ζ)f(ζ)dζwhere the symbol a is in the rough Hormander class L^(∞)S_(ρ)^(m)with m∈R andρ∈[0,1].In this note,when 1≤p≤2,if n(ρ-1)/p and a∈L^(∞)S_(ρ)^(m),then for any f∈S(R^(n))and x∈R^(n),we prove that M(T_(a)f)(x)≤C(M(|f|^(p))(x))^(1/p) where M is the Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator.Our theorem improves the known results and the bound on m is sharp,in the sense that n(ρ-1)/p can not be replaced by a larger constant.

关键词： pseudo-differential operator rough Hormander class H-L maximal operator

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High-throughput and simultaneous inertial separation of tumor cells and clusters from malignant effusions using spiral-contraction-expansion channels

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第2期10卷 91-99页

作者： Zhixian zhu Hui Ren Dan Wu Zhonghua Ni Nan xiang School of Mechanical Engineering and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical InstrumentsSoutheast University211189NanjingChina School of Mechanical Technology Wuxi Institute of TechnologyNo.1600 Gaolang West Road214129WuxiChina Department of Oncology Jiangyin People’s Hospital214400JiangyinChina

Tumor cell clusters are regarded as critical factors in cancer pathophysiology,and increasing evidence of their higher treatment resistance and metastasis compared to single tumor cells has been obtained.However,existing cell separation methods that are designed for single tumor cells cannot be used to simultaneously purify tumor cell clusters.To address this problem,we demonstrated a microfluidic approach for the high-throughput,continuous-flow ternary separation of single tumor cells,tumor cell clusters,and WBCs from clinical pleural or abdominal effusions by coupling slanted spiral channels and periodic contraction-expansion arrays.We first systematically explored the influence of particle size and flow rate on particle focusing.The separation performance indicated that 94.0%of WBCs were removed and more than 97%of MDA-MB-231 tumor cells were recovered at a high flow rate of 3500µL/min.Moreover,more than 90%of tumor cell clusters were effectively preserved after separation.Finally,we successfully applied our device for the ternary separation of single tumor cells,tumor cell clusters,and WBCs from different malignant effusions collected from patients with metastatic cancer.Thus,our spiral-contraction-expansion device has potential as a sample pretreatment tool for the cytological diagnosis of malignant effusions.

关键词： separation contraction removed

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Pollution characteristics and source apportionment of heavy metal(loid)s in soil and groundwater of a retired industrial park

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第9期143卷 23-34页

作者： Zijing xiang Shijin Wu Lizhong zhu Kun Yang Daohui Lin Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control Department of Environmental SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Zhejiang Ecological Civilization Academy Anji 313300China

Heavy metal(loid)s(HMs)pollution has become a common and complex problem in industrial parks due to rapid industrialization and urbanization.Here,soil and groundwater were sampled from a retired industrial park to investigate the pollution characteristics of HMs.Results show that Ni,Pb,Cr,Zn,Cd,and Cu were the typical HMs in the soil.Source analysis with the positive matrix factorization model indicates that HMs in the topsoil stemmed from industrial activities,traffic emission,and natural source,and the groundwater HMs originated from industrial activities,groundwater-soil interaction,groundwater-rock interaction,and atmosphere deposition.The sequential extraction of soil HMs reveals that As and Hg were mainly distributed in the residue fraction,while Ni,Pb,Cr,Zn,Cd,and Cu mainly existed in the mobile fraction.Most HMs either in the total concentration or in the bioavailable fraction preferred to retain in soil as indicated by their high soil-water partitioning coefficients(K_(d)),and the K_(d) values were correlated with soil pH,groundwater redox potential,and dissolved oxygen.The relative stable soil-groundwater circumstance and the low active fraction contents limited the vertical migration of soil HMs and their release to groundwater.These findings increase our knowledge about HMs pollution characteristics of traditional industrial parks and provide a protocol for HMs pollution scrutinizing in large zones.

关键词： Heavy metal(loid)s Industrial park Source apportionment Chemical fraction Soil-groundwater partitioning

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Subnatural-linewidth fluorescent single photons

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Photonics Research 2024年第4期12卷 625-637页

作者： HE-BIN ZHANG GAO-xiang LI YONG-chun LIU State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics Department of PhysicsTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Physics Huazhong Normal UniversityWuhan 430079China Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information Beijing 100084China

Subnatural-linewidth single photons are of vital importance in quantum optics and quantum information science.According to previous research, it appears difficult to utilize resonance fluorescence to generate single photons with subnatural linewidth. Here we propose a universally applicable approach to generate fluorescent single photons with subnatural linewidth, which can be implemented based on Λ-shape and similar energy structures.Further, the general condition to obtain fluorescent single photons with subnatural linewidth is revealed.The single-photon linewidth can be easily manipulated over a broad range by external fields, which can be several orders of magnitude smaller than the natural linewidth. Our study can be easily implemented in various physical platforms with current experimental techniques and will significantly facilitate the research on the quantum nature of resonance fluorescence and the technologies in quantum information science.

关键词： quantum utilize optics

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NFXL1 functions as a transcriptional activator required for thermotolerance at reproductive stage in Arabidopsis

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第1期66卷 54-65页

作者： Qiao‐Yun zhu Lin‐Lin Zhang Jian‐xiang Liu State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience College of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

Plants are highly susceptible to abiotic stresses,particularly heat stress during the reproductive stage.However,the specific molecular mechanisms underlying this sensitivity remain largely unknown.In the current study,we demonstrate that the Nuclear Transcription Factor,X-box Binding Protein 1-Like 1(NFXL1),directly regulates the expression of DEHYDRATION-RESPONSIVE ELEMENT-BINDING PROTEIN 2A(DREB2A),which is crucial for reproductive thermotolerance in Arabidopsis.NFXL1 is upregulated by heat stress,and its mutation leads to a reduction in silique length(seed number)under heat stress conditions.RNA-Seq analysis reveals that NFXL1 has a global impact on the expression of heat stress responsive genes,including DREB2A,Heat Shock Factor A3(HSFA3)and Heat Shock Protein 17.6(HSP17.6)in flower buds.Interestingly,NFXL1 is enriched in the promoter region of DREB2A,but not of either HSFA3 or HSP17.6.Further experiments using electrophoretic mobility shift assay have confirmed that NFXL1 directly binds to the DNA fragment derived from the DREB2A promoter.Moreover,effector-reporter assays have shown that NFXL1 activates the DREB2A promoter.The DREB2A mutants are also heat stress sensitive at the reproductive stage,and DEREB2A is epistatic to NFXL1 in regulating thermotolerance in flower buds.It is known that HSFA3,a direct target of DREB2A,regulates the expression of heat shock proteins genes under heat stress conditions.Thus,our findings establish NFXL1 as a critical upstream regulator of DREB2A in the transcriptional cassette responsible for heat stress responses required for reproductive thermotolerance in Arabidopsis.

关键词： Arabidopsis DREB2A heat stress NFXL1 reproductive thermotolerance

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