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Pb induced dislocation defects of PtCo systems: Strain-triggered oxygen reduction reaction for PEMFC

Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 2462-2472页

作者： chun Jin Qiheng wang Jingjun Liu Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology for Materials Beijing 100029China Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029China

Design and development of advanced electrocatalysts with high performance and low Pt consumption are crucial for reducing the kinetic energy barrier of the cathode oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)and improving the efficiency of proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFC).In this study,we demonstrate a Pb-modulated PtCo system for efficient ORR,in which the inclusion of Pb in ternary alloys induces dislocation defects due to the significant difference in atomic ***-PtCoPb was confirmed to exhibit significantly higher ORR activity and stability in acidic *** practical PEMFC applications,it outperforms the corresponding commercial Pt/C with a mass activity of 0.58 A·mgPt^(-1),making it a promising alternative to state-of-the-art Pt-based *** combination of experimental results and density functional theory(DFT)calculations offers valuable atomic-level insights into the dislocation *** with a larger atomic radius is located in the lattice stretching region below the dislocation slip plane,forming a structure similar to a Cottrell atmosphere,which reduces the dislocation energy and puts the system in a lower energy *** Cottrell atmosphere pins the dislocation structure and stabilizes the ternary *** adjusting the amount of added Pb,a moderate level of dislocation density induces a tuned strain effect,thereby enhancing the electrocatalytic mechanism by optimizing the electronic structure of the alloy surface and the adsorption and desorption of oxygen *** work provides valuable insights into the design and development of lattice dislocation defect structures to trigger strain effects for improving ORR performance.

关键词： dislocation defect strain effect Pb-modulated oxygen reduction reaction

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Insight study of rare earth elements in PM_(2.5)during five years in a Chinese inland city:Composition

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 439-449页

作者： Yi-Wen Shen Chang-Xian Zhao Hao Zhao Shuo-Fei Dong Qi Guo jiao-jiao Xie Mei-Ling Lv chun-Gang Yuan Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control Department ofEnvironmental Science&EngineeringNorth China Electric Power UniversityBaoding 071000China MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Systems Optimization College of Environmental Science and EngineeringNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China Agilent Technologies Co.Ltd.(China) Beijing 100102China

The booming development of rare earth industry and the extensive utilization of its products accompanied by urban development have led to the accelerated accumulation of rare earth elements(REEs)as emerging pollutants in atmospheric *** this study,the variation of REEs in PM_(2.5)with urban(a non-mining city)transformation was investigated through five consecutive years of sample *** compositional variability and provenance contribution of REEs in PM_(2.5)were characterized,and the REEs exposure risks of children and adults via inhalation,ingestion and dermal absorption were also *** results showed an increase in the total REEs concentration from 46.46±35.16 mg/kg(2017)to 81.22±38.98 mg/kg(2021)over the five-year period,with Ce and La making the largest *** actual increment of industrial and traffic emission source among the three pollution sources was 1.34 ng/m^(3).Coal combustion source displayed a downward *** was the main exposure pathway for REEs in PM_(2.5)for both children and *** contributed the most to the total intake of REEs in PM_(2.5)among the population,followed by La and *** exposure risks of REEs in PM_(2.5)in the region were relatively low,but the trend of change was of great *** was strongly recommended to strengthen the concern about traffic-related non-exhaust emissions of particulate matter.

关键词： Rare earth elements Exposure risks Pollution sources Traffic-related non-exhaust emissions

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Tuning oxygen redox via transition-metal cation species

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第7期67卷 2130-2131页

作者： Sichen jiao Xuelong wang Xiqian Yu Beijing Frontier Research Center on Clean Energy Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Lithium-rich layered oxides with a general formula of Li[Li_(x)Ni_(y)MnzCo_(1–x–y–z)]O_(2)(Li-rich NMCs,elements in bracket reside in the same layer)are recognized as promising candidates for the next generation hi... 详细信息

关键词： lithium oxides transition

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Predicting the evolution of electrochemical trepanning for inner blisks with a chamfer structure at blade tip

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第9期37卷 560-576页

作者： Erhao jiao Dong ZHU Penghui wang Hang ZUO Liyong CHEN College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China

Electrochemical trepanning(ECTr)is an effective electrochemical machining(ECM)technique that can be used to manufacture the integral components of aero-engine *** study focused on the dynamic evolution of ECTr for production of inner blisks(bladed disks)with a special chamfer structure at blade *** to the existence of chamfer,the ECTr process of inner blades is in a non-equilibrium state during the early stages,and the physical field changes in the machining gap are complex,making it difficult to predict the forming *** this paper,a dynamic evolution model(DEM)of inner blade ECTr with a special chamfer at blade tip structure is proposed,and an ECTr multi-physical fields simulation study was carried *** evolution of the chamfer at blade tip was analyzed and data related to chamfer were predicted based on the dependence of anode boundary properties with machining time and feed *** addition,the dis-tributions of current density,electrolyte flow rate,bubble volume fraction,temperature rise,and electrolyte conductivity in the machining area at different times were obtained by combining them with the multi-physical fields simulation ***,a series of ECTr experiments were conducted,in which,as the feed rate increased,the surface quality and machining accuracy of the inner blades were *** with the simulation results,the error in machining accu-racy of the chamfer profile is controlled within±2%,and the machining accuracy of the blade full profile was controlled within±0.2 mm,indicating that the model proposed in this study was effec-tive in predicting the evolution of inner blades ECTr with chamfer structures at blade tip.

关键词： Chamfer structure Inner blisk Electrochemical trepanning(ECTr) Dynamic evolution model Forming prediction Multiphysics Machining quality

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Buckling Properties of Water-Drop-Shaped Pressure Hulls with Various Shape Indices Under Hydrostatic External Pressure

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China Ocean Engineering 2024年第1期38卷 1-17页

作者： DING Xiao-de ZHANG Jian wang Fang jiao Hui-feng wang Ming-lu School of Mechanical Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang 212003China Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Marine Renewable Energy College of Engineering Science and Technol-ogyShanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai 201306China China Ship Scientific Research Center Wuxi 214082China

The water-drop-shaped pressure hull has a good streamline,which has good application prospect in the underwater ***,this study conducted analytical,experimental and numerical investigation of the buckling properties of water-drop-shaped pressure hulls under hydrostatic pressure.A water-drop experiment was conducted to design water-drop-shaped pressure hulls with various shape *** critical loads for the water-drop-shaped pressure hulls were resolved by using Mushtari’s *** numerical simulations including linear buckling analysis and nonlinear buckling analysis including eigenmode imperfections were *** results indicated that the critical loads resolved by Mushtari's formula were in good agreement with the linear buckling loads from the numerical *** formula can be extended to estimate the buckling capacity of water-drop-shaped pressure *** addition,three groups of pressure hulls were fabricated by using stereolithography,a rapid prototyping ***,three groups of the pressure hulls were subjected to ultrasonic measurements,optical scanning,hydrostatic testing and numerical *** experimental results were consistent with the numerical *** results indicate that the sharp end of the water-drop-shaped pressure hulls exhibited instability compared with the blunt *** paper provides a new solution to the limitations of experimental studies on the water-drop-shaped pressure hulls as well as a new configuration and evaluation method for underwater observatories.

关键词： buckling pressure hull water drop underwater observatory

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Waterproof Perovskite Quantum Dots for In-vivo Photoluminescence Bioimaging

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2024年第5期40卷 901-906页

作者： jiao Ziyue wang Xinli GAO Jie HUANG Xiao wang Yi Key Laboratory of Advanced Light Conversion Materials and Biophotonics School of Chemistry and Life ResourcesRenmin University of ChinaBeijing100872P.R.China

Perovskite quantum dots(PQDs)have demonstrated great promise in bioimaging applications owing to their outstanding photophysical ***,their practicality is seriously limited by the instability of PQDs against *** we develop a post-synthetic ligand exchange strategy to construct silica-coated PQD(PQD@SiO_(2))nanocrystals,which results in the simultaneous improvement of photoluminescence efficiency and moisture *** importantly,compared to the classical in-situ ligand exchange method of fabricating PQD@SiO_(2),the issues of chemical etching and resultant photoluminescence degradation are judiciously *** the proposed PQD@SiO_(2),we showcase their robust usefulness in labeling chlorella,paving the way for PQD-based in-vivo photoluminescence bioimaging methodology.

关键词： Perovskite Quantum dot Photoluminescence Stability Bioimaging

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Day-ahead Voltage-stability-constrained Network Topology Optimization with Uncertainties

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第3期12卷 730-741页

作者： Dingli Guo Lei wang Ticao jiao Ke Wu Wenjing Yang the School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Shandong University of TechnologyZibo 255000China

A day-ahead voltage-stability-constrained network topology optimization(DVNTO)problem is proposed to find the day-ahead topology schemes with the minimum number of operations(including line switching and bus-bar splitting)while ensuring the sufficient hourly voltage stability margin and the engineering operation requirement of power *** AC continuation power flow and the uncertainty from both renewable energy sources and loads are incorporated into the *** proposed DVNTO problem is a stochastic,largescale,nonlinear integer programming *** solve it tractably,a tailored three-stage solution methodology,including a scenario generation and reduction stage,a dynamic period partition stage,and a topology identification stage,is ***,to address the challenges posed by uncertainties,a novel problem-specified scenario reduction process is proposed to obtain the representative ***,to obtain the minimum number of necessary operations to alter the network topologies for the next 24-hour horizon,a dynamic period partition strategy is presented to partition the hours into several periods according to the hourly voltage information based on the voltage stability ***,a topology identification stage is performed to identify the final network topology *** effectiveness and robustness of the proposed three-stage solution methodology under different loading conditions and the effectiveness of the proposed partition strategy are evaluated on the IEEE 118-bus and 3120-bus power systems.

关键词： Network topology optimization static voltage stability line switching bus-bar splitting renewable energy source

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Two-dimensional particle-in-cell modeling of blow-off impulse by X-ray irradiation

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第3期35卷 53-69页

作者： Ruibo Li Jin-Long jiao Hui Luo Dezhi Zhang Dengwang wang Kai wang Graduate School of China Academy of Engineering Physics Beijing 100193China Zhejiang Institute of Modern Physics Institute of AstronomySchool of PhysicsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China National Key Laboratory of Intense Pulsed Radiation Simulation and Effect Northwest Institute of Nuclear TechnologyXi’an 710024China

Space objects such as spacecraft or missiles may be exposed to intense X-rays in outer space,leading to severe *** reinforcement of these objects to reduce the damage caused by X-ray irradiation is a significant *** blow-off impulse(BOI)is a crucial physical quantity for investigating material damage induced by X-ray ***,the accurate calculation of BOI is challenging,particularly for large deformations of materials with complex *** this study,we develop a novel two-dimensional particle-in-cell code,Xablation2D,to calculate BOIs under far-field X-ray *** significantly reduces the dependence of the numerical simulation on the grid *** reliability of this code is verified by simulation results from open-source codes,and the calculated BOIs are consistent with the experimental and analytical results.

关键词： X-ray irradiation Energy deposition Blow-off impulse Particle in cells

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Emergency management capacity assessment for urban rail transit-an example of Beijing Metro Line 13

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Transportation Safety and Environment 2024年第1期6卷 109-115页

作者： jiao Liu Yun Qi Wei wang School of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering China University of Mining&Technology(Beijing)Beijing 100083China China Safety Science Journal Editorial Department China Occupational Safety and Health AssociationBeijing 100011China College of mechanical engineering and automation Liaoning University of TechnologyJinzhou 121001LiaoningChina

In order to improve the emergency management capability of urban rail transit system and reduce accidents during metro operation,an emergency management capability evaluation method combining analytic hierarchy process(AHP)and technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution(TOPSIS)is *** on the Prevention Preparation Response Recovery(PPRR)model,factors influencing the emergency management capability of the urban rail transit system are summarized from the perspective of‘human,machine,environment and management’.Then,an emergency management capability evaluation index system containing of 20 secondary indicators is constructed in four stages:emergency prevention,emergency preparation,emergency response and emergency *** weights of indicators are calculated using the AHP method,and the closeness of each indicator to the optimal solution is analysed with the TOPSIS ***,take the Beijing Metro Line 13 as an example to investigate the level of emergency management capability of urban rail *** results show that the emergency management capability of Beijing’s urban rail transit system is‘well’,among which hazard prevention measures(0.31)and emergency response team(0.34)have a greater weight on the emergency management capability of rail *** model can more accurately assess the emergency management capability of urban rail transit and provide a basis for emergency management.

关键词： urban rail transit emergency management capability analytic hierarchy process(AHP) technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution(TOPSIS) prevention preparation response recovery(PPRR)model

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Solar-and/or Radiative Cooling-Driven Thermoelectric Generators:A Critical Review

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Energy Engineering 2024年第10期121卷 2681-2718页

作者： Jinglong wang Lin Lu Kai jiao Department of Building Environment and Energy Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong999077China

Thermoelectric generators(TEGs)play a critical role in collecting renewable energy fromthe sun and deep space to generate clean *** their environmentally friendly,reliable,and noise-free operation,TEGs offer diverse applications,including areas with limited power infrastructure,microelectronic devices,and wearable *** review thoroughly analyses TEG system configurations,performance,and applications driven by solar and/or radiative cooling,covering non-concentrating,concentrating,radiative cooling-driven,and dual-mode *** for solar absorbers and radiative coolers,simulation techniques,energy storage management,and thermal management strategies are *** integration of TEGs with combined heat and power systems is identified as a promising ***,TEGs hold potential as charging sources for electronic *** comprehensive review provides valuable insights into this energy collection approach,facilitating improved efficiency,reduced costs,and expanded *** also highlights current limitations and knowledge gaps,emphasizing the importance of further research and development in unlocking the full potential of TEGs for a sustainable and efficient energy future.

关键词： Thermoelectric generators solar energy radiative sky cooling applications

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