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SIRT1 inhibits apoptosis of human lens epithelial cells through suppressing endoplasmic reticulum stress in vitro and in vivo

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第7期17卷 1205-1216页

作者： hui Cui Di Sun Sheng Meng tian-Ju Ma Zi Ye Zhao-hui Li Medical School of Chinese PLA Beijing 100089China Senior Department of Ophthalmology the Third Medical Center of PLA General HospitalBeijing 100853China

AIM:To explore the effect of silent information regulator factor 2-related enzyme 1(SIRT1)on modulating apoptosis of human lens epithelial cells(HLECs)and alleviating lens opacification of rats through suppressing endoplasmic reticulum(ER)***:HLECs(SRA01/04)were treated with varying concentrations of tunicamycin(TM)for 24h,and the expression of SIRT1 and C/EBP homologous protein(CHOP)was assessed using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR),Western blotting,and *** morphology and proliferation was evaluated using an inverted microscope and cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)assay,*** the SRA01/04 cell apoptosis model,which underwent siRNA transfection for SIRT1 knockdown and SRT1720 treatment for its activation,the expression levels of SIRT1,CHOP,glucose regulated protein 78(GRP78),and activating transcription factor 4(ATF4)were *** potential reversal of SIRT1 knockdown effects by 4-phenyl butyric acid(4-PBA;an ER stress inhibitor)was *** vivo,age-related cataract(ARC)rat models were induced by sodium selenite injection,and the protective role of SIRT1,activated by SRT1720 intraperitoneal injections,was evaluated through morphology observation,hematoxylin and eosin(H&E)staining,Western blotting,and ***:SIRT1 expression was downregulated in TMinduced SRA01/04 ***,in SRA01/04 cells,both cell apoptosis and CHOP expression increased with the rising doses of *** stress was stimulated by TM,as evidenced by the increased GRP78 and ATF4 in the SRA01/04 cell apoptosis *** of SIRT1 by siRNA knockdown increased ER stress activation,whereas SRT1720 treatment had opposite results.4-PBA partly reverse the adverse effect of SIRT1 knockdown on *** vivo,SRT1720 attenuated the lens opacification and weakened the ER stress activation in ARC rat ***:SIRT1 plays a protective role against TM-induced apoptosis in HLECs and slows the progression of cataract in

关键词： silent information regulator factor 2-related enzyme 1 endoplasmic reticulum stress apoptosis human lens epithelial cells cataract

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Ascophyllum nodosum and Fucus vesiculosus ameliorate restenosis via improving inflammation and regulating the PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第3期13卷 1711-1728页

作者： Crystal Ngofi Zumbi chun-Hsu Pan hui-Yu Huang Chieh-Hsi Wu Program in Clinical Drug Development from Herbal Medicine College of PharmacyTaipei Medical UniversityTaipei 11031China Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry College of PharmacyTaipei Medical UniversityTaipei 11031China School of Pharmacy Taipei Medical UniversityTaipei 11031China Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences Taipei Medical UniversityTaipei 11031China

Restenosis is a common complication following coronary *** traditional use of seaweeds for health benefits has increasingly been explored,however few studies exist reporting its protective effects on the development of restenosis and gut *** aim of this study was to investigate the potential of seaweed extracts(SE) of Ascophyllum nodosum and Fucus vesiculosus in inhibiting intimal hyperplasia in a rat model of restenosis and its underlying mechanisms in macrophages and vascular smooth muscle cells(vSMCs).16S rRNA sequencing was done to investigate the regulatory effect of SE on the gut microbiome of injured *** indicated by the results,SE significantly inhibited the progression of intimal hyperplasia in vivo,attenuated inflammation in macrophages and could inhibit the proliferation,dedifferentiation and migration of *** was observed through immunoblotting assays that treatment with SE significantly upregulated PTEN expression in macrophages and inhibited the upregulation of PI3K and AKT expression in ***,according to the 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis,supplementation with SE modulated gut microbiota composition in injured *** conclusion,SE could ameliorate intimal hyperplasia by inhibiting inflammation and vSMCs proliferation through the regulation of the PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway and modulating the gut microbiome.

关键词： Ascophyllum nodosum Fucus vesiculosus PTEN/PI3K/AKT Restenosis Macrophage Vascular smooth muscle cells Gut microbiota

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A survey on model-based reinforcement learning

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 59-84页

作者： Fan-Ming LUO tian XU Hang LAI Xiong-hui CHEN Weinan ZHANG Yang YU National Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University Polixir. ai Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Reinforcement learning(RL) interacts with the environment to solve sequential decision-making problems via a trial-and-error approach. Errors are always undesirable in real-world applications, even though RL excels at playing complex video games that permit several trial-and-error attempts. To improve sample efficiency and thus reduce errors, model-based reinforcement learning(MBRL) is believed to be a promising direction, as it constructs environment models in which trial-and-errors can occur without incurring actual costs. In this survey, we investigate MBRL with a particular focus on the recent advancements in deep RL. There is a generalization error between the learned model of a non-tabular environment and the actual environment. Consequently, it is crucial to analyze the disparity between policy training in the environment model and that in the actual environment, guiding algorithm design for improved model learning, model utilization, and policy training. In addition, we discuss the recent developments of model-based techniques in other forms of RL, such as offline RL, goal-conditioned RL, multi-agent RL, and meta-RL. Furthermore,we discuss the applicability and benefits of MBRL for real-world tasks. Finally, this survey concludes with a discussion of the promising future development prospects for MBRL. We believe that MBRL has great unrealized potential and benefits in real-world applications, and we hope this survey will encourage additional research on MBRL.

关键词： reinforcement learning model-based reinforcement learning planning model learning model learning with reduced error model usage

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Quantum squeezing induced nonreciprocal phonon laser

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第6期67卷 20-30页

作者： tian-Xiang Lu Yan Wang Keyu Xia Xing Xiao Le-Man Kuang hui Jing College of Physics and Electronic Information Gannan Normal UniversityGanzhou 341000China Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of Education Department of Physics and Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and ApplicationsHunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410081China Academy for Quantum Science and Technology Zhengzhou University of Light IndustryZhengzhou 450002China College of Engineering and Applied Sciences National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructuresand Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China

Phonon lasers or coherent amplifications of mechanical oscillations are powerful tools for fundamental studies on coherent acoustics and hold potential for diverse applications,ranging from ultrasensitive force sensing to phononic information ***,we propose the use of an optomechanical resonator coupled to a nonlinear optical resonator for directional phonon *** find that by pumping the nonlinear optical resonator,directional optical squeezing can occur along the pump *** a result,we can achieve the directional mechanical gain using directional optical squeezing,thereby leading to nonreciprocal phonon lasing with a well-tunable directional power *** work proposes a feasible way to build nonreciprocal phonon lasers with various nonlinear optical media,which are important for a wide range of applications,such as directional acoustic amplifiers,invisible sound sensing or imaging,and one-way phononic networks.

关键词： nonreciprocal phonon laser directional quantum squeezing optomechanics

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Electrocatalytic Performance of Carbon Layer and Spherical Carbon/Carbon Cloth Composites Towards Hydrogen Evolution from the Direct Electrolysis of Bunsen Reaction Product

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2024年第1期40卷 109-118页

作者： ZHANG Wanjia GUO Tingyu LIU Yanhua ZHANG Xuewei ZOU Bo ZHAO chun SUO hui WANG hui ZHAO Xu College of Chemistry Jilin UniversityChangchun130012P.R.China State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics College of Electronic Science and EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchun130012P.R.China Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSKS7N 5A9Canada

A composite material comprising a carbon layer and spherical carbon/carbon cloth(C-SC/CC)was fabricated using a hydrothermal-pyrolysis method,employing carbon cloth as the substrate and glucose as the carbon *** C-SC/CC electrode was evaluated as an electrocatalytic electrode for hydrogen production by electrolysis of Bunsen reaction *** electrode prepared with 4 g of glucose and annealed at 800°C showed excellent electrocatalytic *** requires only a potential of 185 mV(***)to achieve a current density of 10 mA/***,the electrode demonstrated good stability with a 6%loss in current density after 1000 cycles of scanning from 0.2 V to 1.2 *** results indicate the potential of the SC/CC electrode as an efficient and durable electrocatalyst for the electrolysis of H2SO4 and HI.

关键词： Electrolysis of Bunsen reaction product Carbon material Composite material Hydrogen production

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Enhancing personalized exercise recommendation with student and exercise portraits

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Journal of Electronic Science and Technology 2024年第2期22卷 91-109页

作者： Wei-Wei Gao hui-Fang Ma Yan Zhao Jing Wang Quan-Hong tian College of Computer Science and Engineering Northwest Normal UniversityLanzhou730070China Computer Center of Gansu Province Lanzhou730070China

The exercise recommendation system is emerging as a promising application in online learning scenarios,providing personalized recommendations to assist students with explicit learning *** solutions generally follow a collaborative filtering paradigm,while the implicit connections between students(exercises)have been largely *** this study,we aim to propose an exercise recommendation paradigm that can reveal the latent connections between student-student(exercise-exercise).Specifically,a new framework was proposed,namely personalized exercise recommendation with student and exercise portraits(PERP).It consists of three sequential and interdependent modules:Collaborative student exercise graph(CSEG)construction,joint random walk,and recommendation list ***,CSEG is created as a unified heterogeneous graph with students’response behaviors and student(exercise)***,a joint random walk to take full advantage of the spectral properties of nearly uncoupled Markov chains is performed on CSEG,which allows for full exploration of both similar exercises that students have finished and connections between students(exercises)with similar ***,we propose to optimize the recommendation list to obtain different exercise *** analyses of two public datasets,the results demonstrated that PERP can satisfy novelty,accuracy,and diversity.

关键词： Educational data mining Exercise recommend Joint random walk Nearly uncoupled Markov chains Optimization Personalized learning

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Acupuncture for obesity and related diseases:Insight for regulating neural circuit

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第2期22卷 93-101页

作者： Lin-yan Jiang Jun tian Ya-nan Yang Shao-hui Jia Qing Shu Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Zhongnan HospitalWuhan UniversityWuhan 430071Hubei ProvinceChina School of Sports Medicine Wuhan Sports UniversityWuhan 430079Hubei ProvinceChina Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine China Resources&Wu Gang General HospitalWuhan 430080Hubei ProvinceChina

Obesity is defined as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that may impair *** is associated with numerous pathological changes including insulin resistance,fatty liver,hyperlipidemias,and other obesity-related *** comorbidities comprise a significant public health *** anti-obesity drugs have been limited by side effects that include depression,suicidal thoughts,cardiovascular complications and *** treatment has been shown to be effective for treating obesity and obesity-related conditions,while avoiding side ***,the mechanisms of acupuncture in treating obesity-related diseases,especially its effect on neural circuits,are not well understood.A growing body of research has studied acupuncture’s effects on the endocrine system and other mechanisms related to the regulation of neural *** this article,recent research that was relevant to the use of acupuncture to treat obesity and obesity-related diseases through the neuroendocrine system,as well as some neural circuits involved,was *** on this,acupuncture’s potential ability to regulate neural circuits and its mechanisms of action in the endocrine system were reviewed,leading to a deeper mechanistic understanding of acupuncture’s effects and providing insight and direction for future research about obesity.

关键词： Obesity Acupuncture Neural circuit Appetite Energy metabolism

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Achieving strength-ductility synergy in novel paramagnetic Fe-based medium-entropy alloys through deep cryogenic deformation

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Rare Metals 2024年第9期43卷 4493-4507页

作者： Hu-Wen Ma Yan-chun Zhao Li Feng tian-Zeng Liu Zhi-Qi Yu Bo Jin Wang-chun Duan Peter K.Liaw Dong Ma State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Non-Ferrous Metals Lanzhou University of TechnologyLanzhou 730050China Wenzhou Pump and Valve Engineering Research Institute Lanzhou University of TechnologyWenzhou 325105China Iron and Steel Research Institute Jiuquan Iron and Steel CorporationJiayuguan 735100China Lanzhou Resources and Environment Voc-Tech University Lanzhou 730123China Department of Materials Science and Engineering The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996-2200USA Neutron Science Center Songshan Lake Materials LaboratoryDongguan 523808China

Cryogenic pre-deformation treatment has been widely used to effectively improve the comprehensive mechanical properties of steels and novel ***,the dislocation evolution and phase transformation induced by different degrees of deep cryogenic deformation are not yet fully *** this study,the effects of multiple cryogenic pre-treatments on the mechanical properties and deformation mechanisms of a paramagnetic Fe_(63.3)Mn_(14-)Si_(9.1)Cr_(9.8)C_(3.8)medium-entropy alloy(MEA)were investigated,leading to the discovery of a pretreated MEA that exhibits exceptional mechanical properties,including a fracture strength of 3.0 GPa,plastic strain of 26.1%and work-hardening index of *** addition,X-ray diffraction(XRD)and transmission electron microscopy(TEM)analyses revealed that multiple cryogenic pre-deformation treatments significantly increased the dislocation density of the MEA(from 9×10^(15)to 4×10^(16)m^(-2)after three pretreatments),along with a transition in the dislocation type from predominantly edge dislocations to mixed dislocations(including screw-and edge-type dislocations).Notably,this pretreated MEA retained its paramagnetic properties(μ_(r)<1.0200)even after *** calculations showed that cryogenic pretreatment can significantly reduce the stacking fault energy of the MEA by a factor of approximately four(i.e.,from 9.7 to2.6 m J·m^(-2)),thereby activating the synergistic effects of transformation-induced plasticity,twinning-induced plasticity and dislocation strengthening *** synergistic effects lead to simultaneous strength and ductility enhancement of the MEA.

关键词： Deep cryogenic transformation Iron-based medium-entropy alloys Dislocation evolution Phase transformation Stacking fault energy

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A possible probe to neutron-skin thickness by fragment parallel momentum distribution in projectile fragmentation reactions

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第6期35卷 114-119页

作者： chun-Wang Ma Yi-Jie Duan Ya-Fei Guo chun-Yuan Qiao Yu-Ting Wang Jie Pu Kai-Xuan Cheng hui-Ling Wei College of Physics Henan Normal UniversityXinxiang 453007China Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology Henan Academy of SciencesZhengzhou 450015China

Neutron-skin thickness is a key parameter for a neutron-rich nucleus;however,it is difficult to *** the framework of the Lanzhou Quantum Molecular Dynamics(LQMD)model,a possible probe for the neutron-skin thickness(δ_(np))of neutron-rich ^(48)Ca was studied in the 140A MeV ^(48)Ca+^(9)Be projectile fragmentation reaction based on the parallel momentum distribution(p∥)of the residual fragments.A Fermi-type density distribution was employed to initiate the neutron density distributions in the LQMD simulations.A combined Gaussian function with different width parameters for the left side(Γ_(L))and the right side(Γ_(R))in the distribution was used to describe the p∥of the residual *** neutron-rich sulfur isotopes as examples,Γ_(L) shows a sensitive correlation withδ_(np) of ^(48)Ca,and is proposed as a probe for determining the neutron skin thickness of the projectile nucleus.

关键词： Neutron-skin thickness Projectile fragmentation Parallel momentum distribution Neutron-rich nucleus Quantum molecular dynamics model

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Impacts of proppant distribution on development of tight oil reservoirs with threshold pressure gradient

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Petroleum Science 2024年第1期21卷 445-457页

作者： Ming Yue Wei-Yao Zhu Fei-Fei Gou tian-Ru Song Yu-chun You Qi-Tao Zhang State Key Laboratory of Shale Oil and Gas Enrichment Mechanisms and Effective Development Beijing102206China School of Civil and Resource Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China

Field evidence indicates that proppant distribution and threshold pressure gradient have great impacts on well *** at the development of unconventional oil reservoirs in Triassic Chang-7 Unit,Ordos Basin of China,we presented an integrated workflow to investigate how(1)proppant placement in induced fracture and(2)non-linear flow in reservoir matrix would affect well productivity and fluid flow in the *** with our research before(Yue et al.,2020),here we extended this study into the development of multi-stage fractured horizontal wells(MFHWs)with large-scale complicated fracture *** integrated workflow is based on the finite element method and consists of simulation models for proppant-laden fluid flow,fracture flow,and non-linear seepage flow,*** results indicate that the distribution of proppant inside the induced cracks significantly affects the productivity of the *** we assign an idealized proppant distribution instead of the real distribution,there will be an overestimation of 44.98%in daily oil rate and 30.63%in cumulative oil production after continuous development of 1000 ***,threshold pressure gradient(TPG)also significantly affects the well performance in tight oil *** we simply apply linear Darcy’s law to the reservoir matrix,the overall cumulative oil production can be overrated by 77%after 1000 days of *** general,this research provides new insights into the development of tight oil reservoirs with TPG and meanwhile reveals the significance of proppant distribution and non-linear fluid flow in the production scenario design.

关键词： Proppant distribution Tight oil reservoir Multi-stage fractured horizontal well Threshold pressure gradient Moving boundary

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