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Serum Immunoglobulins (IgG, IgM and IgA) in Nigerian Women with Breast Cancer

Open Journal of Immunology 2018年第3期8卷 81-95页

作者： chukwurah Ejike felix Ogbodo Sylvester Ogbonna chukwurah felix chinedum Department of Haematology & Immunology Faculty of Medicine Ebonyi State University Abakaliki Nigeria Department of Medical Biochemistry College of Medicine Enugu State University of Science & Technology Enugu Nigeria Shenyang Medical College Shenyang China Department of Surgery Enugu State University Teaching Hospital Enugu Nigeria

Background: Breast cancer remains intractable and the leading cause of cancer related death among women. The appearance of breast tumour and its progression poses great clinical unpredictability before and after diagnosis, therapy and appearance of recurrent secondary deposits. Various immunological changes occur during breast tumourigenesis, and can be of value in the surveillance of the diseases. In our environment, there is scanty information on the value of these immunological factors especially immunoglobulins in screening and surveillance of breast cancer—hence the need for this study. Methodology: A total of 59 females (mean age = 48.7 ± 8.7 yrs) with clinically and pathologically confirmed breast cancer were prospectively recruited alongside with 20 patients with benign breast tumour representing patients’ control group and 20 apparently healthy age and sex-matched control subjects (mean age = 47.5 ± 13.4 yrs). Breast cancer patients were further grouped into early stage breast cancer (N = 25) and advanced stage breast cancer (N = 34). Patients were subjected to standard treatment modalities and pre- and post-treatment samples collected at intervals. Samples were assayed for IgG & IgM by immunoenzymatic methods and IgA by immunoturbidimetric method. Questionnaires and measurements were used to obtain necessary demographic and anthropologic information from the subjects. Results: Results showed that in all stages of breast cancer and treatment groups, the mean serum IgG, IgM and IgA levels respectively were not significantly raised (P > 0.05) when compared. Results also showed that majority (59%) of the patients presented at advanced stage of the disease. Low level of education and low income were among the prevailing risk factors. Majority (63%) of the cases had body mass index suggesting obesity (>30 kg/m2). Conclusion: Results suggest that serum immunoglobulin (IgG, IgM and IgA) levels are of limited value in surveillance of breast cancer in our environmen

关键词： Breast Tumour Immunoglobulins Treatment and Disease Surveillance

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Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines (TNF-<i>α</i>and IL-1) in Nigerian Women with Breast Cancer

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Open Journal of Immunology 2018年第2期8卷 13-28页

作者： chukwurah Ejike felix Iyare Festus Ehigiator chukwurah felix chinedum Department of Haematology & Immunology Faculty of Medicine Ebonyi State University Abakaliki Nigeria Department of Morbid Anatomy Faculty of Medicine Ebonyi State University Abakaliki Nigeria Shenyang Medical College Shenyang China Department of Surgery Enugu State University Teaching Hospital Enugu Nigeria

Background: Breast cancer remains an important medical challenge, despite sustained global efforts at its prevention and control. Various immunological factors are expressed in the serum during breast tumourigenesis, and can be of value in the surveillance of the disease. These serum bio-markers include pro-inflammatory cytokines since breast cancer is associated with chronic inflammation. In our locality with different racial/ethnic variations from Caucasian as well as environmental factors, there is scanty information on the value of these serum factors in screening and surveillance of breast cancer—hence the need for this study. Methodology: A total of 68 females (mean age = 48.7 ± 8.7 yrs) with clinically and pathologically confirmed breast cancer were recruited by self selection;representing breast cancer patients group. Due to small sample size they were further grouped into advanced stage breast cancer cases (N = 40) and early stage breast cancer cases (N = 28). Controls consisted of two groups: A—Patient control group (N = 21) comprised females with benign breast tumour (15 cases with fibroadenoma and 6 cases with fibrocystic disease) and group B—apparently healthy age/sex matched control group (N = 21). Pre-treatment samples were collected after which all patients underwent standard treatment modalities (neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy, radiotherapy, chemoradiation, and/or surgery;depending on the stage of presentation and thereafter post treatment samples were collected after 3 and 6 months respectively. Serum from the patients and controls were assayed immunoenzymatically for TNF-α and IL-1. Results: The results showed that at 6 months post-treatment stage, the mean values of IL-1 differed significantly (P > 0.05) when advanced stage breast cancer were compared with early stage and apparently healthy control groups respectively. Likewise at 6 months post-treatment stage, the TNF-α mean values differed significantly (P > 0.05) between advanced stage b

关键词： Breast Tumour TNF-α IL-1 Diseases Stages

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