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Review of the prevalence,diagnostics,and containment measures of the current mpox outbreak

World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第6期11卷 1252-1260页

作者： Adekunle Sanyaolu Aleksandra Marinkovic chuku okorie Stephanie Prakash Nafees Haider Yashika Dixon Ricardo Izurieta Olanrewaju Badaru Stella Smith Public Health Federal Ministry of HealthAbuja 083Federal Capital TerritoryNigeria Basic Science Saint James School of MedicineThe Quarter 2640Anguilla Allied Sciences Union County CollegePlainfieldNJ 07060United States Basic Science All Saints University School of MedicineRoseau 0000Dominica Basic Science Windsor University School of MedicineCayon 0000Saint Kitts and Nevis Global Communicable Diseases College of Public HealthUniversity of South FloridaTampaFL 33620United States Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Nigerian Institute of Medical ResearchLagos 101245Nigeria

Monkeypox(mpox),is a disease from the Poxviridae family that can cause several serious medical *** mini-review sought to analyze the existing literature regarding the current mpox outbreak with a focus on the prevalence,diagnostics,and containment *** cases have been reported to World Health Organization(WHO)from 85 Member States in all six WHO regions during the period of January 1,2022,through August 3,*** or optimized guidelines for the clinical care of patients with mpox are limited,particularly in low-resource *** an effort to achieve guidance and meet standards,special attention should be paid to this outbreak in order to eradicate such a rare infectious disease by analyzing prevention and control *** outcomes may also be poor,and their illnesses may last for a long *** spectrum of clinical symptoms,including complications and sequelae,as well as aspects of the illness may be indicators of sickness severity and complications;therefore,its clinical presentation must be better understood to improve containment *** addition,it is important to create and evaluate a standard of care that takes a variety of parameters into account,including antiviral,immune therapies,and clinical metrics that are particular to *** global emergence of mpox has presented new challenges for public health and has called for further investigation into its epidemiological profile across international contexts.

关键词： Monkeypox virus Outbreak Prevalence Containment Epidemiology Orthopoxvirus

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Diabetes mellitus:An overview of the types,prevalence,comorbidity,complication,genetics,economic implication,and treatment

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World Journal of Meta-Analysis 2023年第5期11卷 134-143页

作者： Adekunle Sanyaolu Aleksandra Marinkovic Stephanie Prakash Martina Williams Yashika Dixon chuku okorie Verner N Orish Ricardo Izurieta Public Health Federal Ministry of HealthAbuja 0000Nigeria Basic Medical Science Saint James School of MedicineThe Quarter 26400000Anguilla Basic Medical Science Windsor University School of MedicineCayon 0000Saint Kitts and Nevis Allied Health Sciences Union College of Union County(Plainfield Campus)PlainfieldNJ 07060-1308United States Department of Microbiology and Immunology School of MedicineUniversity of Health and Allied SciencesHo 0000Ghana Global Communicable Diseases College of Public HealthUniversity of South FloridaTampaFL 33620United States

Diabetes is one of the deadliest *** to its effects on the lives of people,it has attracted a lot of attention *** causes of the various forms of diabetes,including type 1 and type 2,were discussed along with how they affect those who have the *** people are more prone to type 1 diabetes than older people,who are more likely to develop type *** treatment options and strategies for the two forms of diabetes were also discussed in addition to how the disease affects the quality of life of *** several factors that were explained,it has been shown that people from low and middle-income countries are more prone to having ***,the condition is more likely to affect some races more than *** is associated with *** to statistics,those who are poor are more severely affected by the *** progression of the disease over time has been associated with an increase in disability and mortality.

关键词： Diabetes mellitus Type 1 diabetes Type 2 diabetes Diabetes Insulin Blood glucose

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SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant (B.1.1.529): A concern with immune escape

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World Journal of Virology 2022年第3期11卷 137-143页

作者： Adekunle Sanyaolu Aleksandra Marinkovic Stephanie Prakash Nafees Haider Martina Williams chuku okorie Olanrewaju Badaru Stella Smith Department of Public Health Federal Ministry of HealthAbuja 0000Nigeria Department of Basic Sciences Saint James School of MedicineThe Valley 0000Anguilla Department of Basic Sciences All Saints University School of MedicineRoseau 0000Dominica Department of Allied Sciences Union County CollegePlainfieldNJ 07060United States Department of Public Health Nigeria Centre for Disease ControlAbuja 0000Nigeria Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Nigerian Institute of Medical ResearchLagos 100001Nigeria

Omicron,the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)variant that is now spreading across the world,is the most altered version to emerge so far,with mutations comparable to changes reported in earlier variants of concern linked with increased transmissibility and partial resistance to vaccineinduced *** article provides an overview of the SARS-CoV-2 variant Omicron(B.1.1.529)by reviewing the literature from major scientific *** clear immunological and clinical data are not yet available,we extrapolated from what is known about mutations present in the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 and offer preliminary indications on transmissibility,severity,and immune escape through existing research and databases.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Omicron B.1.1.529 Variant of concern Emerging variants

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Effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the liver

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World Journal of Virology 2023年第2期12卷 109-121页

作者： Adekunle Sanyaolu Aleksandra Marinkovic Abu Fahad Abbasi Stephanie Prakash Risha Patidar Priyank Desai Martina Williams Abdul Jan Kareem Hamdy Rachael Solomon Vyshnavy Balendra Maaz Ansari Omar Shazley Nasar Khan Rochelle Annan Yashika Dixon chuku okorie Afolabi Antonio Department of Public Health Federal Ministry of HealthAbujaNigeriaAbuja 0000FCTNigeria Department of Basic Medical Science Saint James School of MedicineThe Quarter 26400000Anguilla Department of Internal Medicine Loyola University Medical CenterMaywoodIllinoisIL 60153United States Department of Basic Medical Science American University of Saint Vincent School of MedicineSaint Vincent and the Grenadines 0000Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Department of Basic Medical Science Windsor University School of MedicineCayon 0000Saint Kitts and Nevis Department of Basic Medical Science Caribbean Medical University School of MedicineWillemstad 0000CuraçaoNetherlands Antilles Basic Medical Science Saint James School of MedicineSaint Vincent and the Grenadines 0000Saint Vincent and the Grenadines University of Health Sciences Antigua School of Medicine PiccadillySt.John's Antigua Department of Science Union County CollegePlainfieldNew JerseyNJ 07016United States Department of Internal Medicine Lloydminster Regional HospitalLloydminster S9V 1Y5SaskatchewanCanada

There have been numerous concerns about the disease and how it affects the human body since the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)pandemic began in December *** impact of SARS-CoV-2 on the liver is being carefully investigated due to an increase in individuals with hepatitis and other liver illnesses,such as alcoholic liver ***,the liver is involved in the metabolism of numerous drugs used to treat comorbidities and coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).Determining how SARS-CoV-2 affects the liver and what factors place individuals with COVID-19 at a higher risk of developing liver problems are the two main objectives of this *** evaluation of the literature included research from three major scientific *** provide an update on the current impact of COVID-19 on the liver,data was collected and relevant information was incorporated into the *** more knowledge about the effect of the disease on the liver,better management and therapeutics can be developed,and education can ultimately save lives and reduce the long-term impact of the pandemic on our population.

关键词： Coronavirus COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Liver Hepatic complications

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Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Selected Heavy Metals in Some Oil Polluted Sites in Delta State Nigeria

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2016年第10期7卷 1389-1410页

作者： Eucharia Oluchi Nwaichi Lawrence C. chuku Erhieyovwen Ighoavwogan Faculty of Engineering The University of Nottingham Nottingham UK Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Science University of Port Harcourt Port Harcourt Nigeria

Concentrations of selected heavy metals, nutrient elements and PAHs in farms and produce (cassava tubers and oil bean seeds) from 4-year-old crude oil impacted areas (Ekore and Uduvwoku) and a non-oil-impacted area (Okpe), all in Ughelli South Local Government Area, Delta State, Nigeria, were investigated to ascertain degree of risk posed. A random sampling design was chosen with three replications. Results obtained revealed significantly (P -1) Cd (0.240, 0.140) and Cr (1.327, 3.122) in cassava samples for Ekore and Uduvwoku respectively in comparison to non-detectable amount for those of non-impacted source and exceeded set WHO limits of 0.1 and 0.05 mg·kg-1 respectively. Although PAHs were low, oil spill increased available levels by factor of 2.5 and 5 for Ekore and Uduvwoku respectively. Again, Cd and Cr exceeded WHO limit for study impacted soils. Available N, P and K decreased (%) by 56.1, 28.5 and 2.4 for Ekore and 82.9, 39.9 and 45.5 for Uduvwoku Cassava samples. Nutrient profiling in oil bean revealed % reduction in avaliable N, P and K by 33.7, 47.7 and 57.9 and 28.9, 76.3 and 39.8 for Ekore and Uduvwoku samples respectively. For oil bean, Cd and Cr did not differ markedly between polluted samples but exceeded WHO limits. Other studied contaminants fell within limits. In soils, available N, P and K decreased (%) by 39.6, 79.1 and 27.4 for Ekore and 53, 88.1 and 45.5 for Uduvwoku samples. Low pH of 5.3 and 5.7 in Ekore and Uduvwoku respectively may increase the leachability of Cr into groundwater. Biopersistent Cd and Cr were found to biomagnify up the food chain and may impair major processes. Although PAHs were relatively low, their % composition was more of High Molecular Weight that was less readily biodegraded by indigenous microorganisms, and hence can persist in the environment as carcinogens.

关键词： Biomagnification Crude Oil Spill Cassava Oil Bean Niger Delta Carcinogens

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Biological Soil Quality Indicators and Conditioners in a Plant-Assisted Remediation of Crude Oil Polluted Farmland

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2017年第13期8卷 1622-1635页

作者： E. O. Nwaichi L. C. chuku University of Massachusetts Amherst MA USA University of Port Harcourt Port Harcourt Nigeria

Owing to vital roles played by enzymes in the preservation of the make-up of soil ecosystem and functional diversity, the influence of organic manure on the resultant biological quality of a crude oil polluted agricultural soil from a 90 d phytoremediation pot experiment was investigated. A 4-factor phyto-assisted clean-up of crude oil polluted agricultural soil was designed with options of manure amendments, to boost micobial activities. Profiles of β-glucosidases, proteases, dehydrogenases, phosphomonoesterases and respiration were investigated. Analysis of variance of triplicate experiment was carried out. Application of soil conditioner gave no marked dehydrogenase activity, which increased with depletion of available phosphorus. Marked increases in CO2 release and alkaline phosphatase activity with soil conditioning may implicate beneficial relationship with the abundance of microbial populations. Flooding in some pots correlated with β-glucosidase and respiratory acitivities. A direct relationship between cellulose breakdown, measurable with β-glucosidase activity, organic matter and CO2 release, measurable with respiratory activity within all soils was found in the present study. Use of organic manure significantly improved CO2 release by soil biota in hydrocarbon-impacted soil and may be explored for phytoremediation technique.

关键词： Soil Quality Enzymes and Activities Environmental Changes Organic Matter Organic Manure Petroleum Stress

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The Place of Human Resource Management in Lagos State Healthcare Delivery: A Statistical Overview

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Health 2023年第3期15卷 251-265页

作者： Maxwell Obubu Nkata chuku Alozie Ananaba Rodio Diallo Firdausi Umar Sadiq Emmanuel Sambo Oluwatosin Kolade Tolu Oyenkanmi Kehinde Olaosebikan Oluwafemi Serrano Health Systems Consult Limited (HSCL) Abuja Nigeria Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation Abuja Nigeria Lagos State Health Management Agency (LASHMA) Lagos State Nigeria

Background: Behind every great system is an organized team;this is especially true in the healthcare industry, where a dedicated human resources team can effectively recruit employees, train staff, and implement safety measures in the workplace. The importance of human resources in the healthcare industry cannot be overstated, with benefits ranging from providing an orderly and effectively run facility to equipping staff with the most accurate and up-to-date training. Proper human resources management is critical in providing high-quality health care. A refocus on human resources management in healthcare requires more research to develop new policies. Effective human resources management strategies are greatly needed to achieve better outcomes and access to health care worldwide. Methods: This study leveraged NOI Polls census data on Health Facility Assessment for Lagos State. One thousand two hundred fifty-six health care facilities were assessed in Lagos State;numbers of Health workers were documented alongside their area of specialization. Also, demographic characterizations of the facilities, such as LGA, Ownership type, Facility Level Care, and Category of the facility, were also documented. Descriptive statistics alongside cross tabulation was done to present the various area of specialization of the health workers. Multiple response analysis was done to understand the distribution of human resources across the health facilities. At the same time, Chi-square and correlation tests were conducted to test the independence of various categories recorded while understanding the relationships among selected specialties. Results: The study revealed that Nurses were the most common health specialist in the Lagos State health facilities. At the same time, Gynecologists and General surgeons are the two medical specialists mostly common in health facilities. Midwives are the second most common health specialist working full time, while Generalist medical doctors make up

关键词： Healthcare Facilities Human Resources for Health Healthcare Delivery Lagos State SDGs on Health Multiple Response Analysis

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Lagos State Hospital Waste Management Practices: A Descriptive Overview with Stakeholders’ Role and Key Recommendations

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2023年第2期14卷 108-125页

作者： Maxwell Obubu Nkata chuku Alozie Ananaba Firdausi Umar Sadiq Sadiq Emmanuel Sambo Oluwatosin Kolade Tolulope Oyekanmi Kehinde Olaosebikan Oluwafemi Serrano Health Systems Consult Limited (HSCL) Abuja Nigeria Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation Abuja Nigeria Head of Operations Lagos State Health Management Agency (LASHMA) Lagos State Nigeria

Background: Waste generation and its disposal is an essential issue in the sustainability of the environment and the planet’s future. Waste management is essential across sectors, likewise the health sector. Therefore, there is a need to employ extra care and attention to handling waste generated from healthcare facilities to avoid the dangers of poor biomedical waste management. We carried out this study to examine the waste management practice in healthcare facilities in Lagos State. Methods: The study was a descriptive survey carried out in one-thousand two hundred and fifty-six (1256) healthcare facilities in Lagos State. Nine hundred sixty-nine (969) of these facilities are located in urban areas, while two hundred and eighty-seven (287) are rural. The facilities studied are government/public health facilities (15.45%), private-for-profit facilities (82.88%), NGOs, Mission/Faith-Based medical facilities (1.67%). The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Specifically, we utilized bar charts, frequency, and percentage. Result: The result shows that 98.4% (1236) of the studied facilities are registered with the Lagos State Waste Management Authority (LAWMA), while 1.6% (20) are not registered. 98.5% (191) of the 194 government-owned facilities, 98.5% (1025) of the 1041 private-for-profit facilities, and 98.2% (20) of the 21 NGOs/faith-based health facilities are registered with Lagos State Waste Management Authority. The result also shows that 94% of the healthcare facilities studied in Lagos State use color-coded waste bags to segregate waste at the point of origin. 58.7% of the facilities use red-colored bags, 33.3% use yellow-colored bags, 10.7% use black-colored bags, and 1.3% use brown biohazard bags for segregating Infectious waste. Also, 34.2% of the health facilities in Lagos state use red-colored bags, 36.9% use yellow-colored bags, 11% use black-colored bags, and 4.1% use brown-colored bags to segregate their hazardous waste. Conclus

关键词： Waste Generation Hospital Waste Management Stakeholder Roles Healthcare Facilities Lagos State Lagos Waste Management Authority

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Enhancing Private Healthcare Effectiveness in Lagos State, Nigeria: An Overview of the Effect of Quality Improvement Initiatives and Implications for Sustainable Healthcare Delivery

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Health 2024年第2期16卷 93-104页

作者： Nnenna Mba-Oduwusi Ifesinachi Eze Tochukwu Osuji Maxwell Obubu Tolulope Oyekanmi Oluwatosin Kolade Ozioma Oguguah Jane Martins Nkata chuku Alozie Ananaba Rodio Diallo Firdausi Umar Sadiq Emmanuella Zamba Abiola Idowu InSiGHt Health Consulting Limited Ikeja Nigeria Health Systems Consult Limited Abuja Nigeria Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation Abuja Nigeria Lagos State Health Management Agency (LASHMA) Lagos Nigeria Health Facility Monitoring and Accreditation Agency (HEFAMAA) Ikeja Nigeria

Background: Nigeria, a nation grappling with rapid population growth, economic intricacies, and complex healthcare challenges, particularly in Lagos State, the economic hub and most populous state, faces the challenge of ensuring quality healthcare access. The overview of the effect of quality improvement initiatives in this paper focuses on private healthcare providers in Lagos State, Nigeria. The study assesses the impact of donor-funded quality improvement projects on these private healthcare facilities. It explores the level of participation, perceived support, and tangible effects of the initiatives on healthcare delivery within private healthcare facilities. It also examines how these initiatives influence patient inflow and facility ratings, and bring about additional benefits and improvements, provides insights into the challenges faced by private healthcare providers in implementing quality improvement projects and elicits recommendations for improving the effectiveness of such initiatives. Methods: Qualitative research design was employed for in-depth exploration, utilizing semi-structured interviews. Private healthcare providers in Lagos involved in the SP4FP Quality Improvement Project were purposively sampled for diversity. Face-to-face interviews elicited insights into participation, perceived support, and project effects. Questions covered participation levels, support perception, changes observed, challenges faced, and recommendations. Thematic analysis identified recurring themes from interview transcripts. Adherence to ethical guidelines ensured participant confidentiality and informed consent. Results: Respondents affirmed active involvement in the SP4FP Quality Improvement Project, echoing literature emphasizing private-sector collaboration with the public sector. While acknowledging positive influences on facility ratings, respondents highlighted challenges within the broader Nigerian healthcare landscape affecting patient numbers. Respondents c

关键词： Private Healthcare Quality Improvement Projects Donor-Funded Initiatives Healthcare Delivery Lagos State Nigeria

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