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Spatial and temporal variability of marine-origin matter along a transect from Zhongshan Station to Dome A,Eastern Antarctica

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第8期28卷 190-202页

作者： chuanjin li Cunde Xiao Guitao Shi Minghu Ding Dahe Qin Jiawen Ren The State Key Laboratory of the Cryospheric Sciences The Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China Climate System Institute Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081 China Polar Research Institute of China Shanghai 200136 China

The spatiotemporal distribution pattern of marine-origin matter on the Antarctica ice sheet was used to study variations in the source regions, transport mechanisms and postdepositional influences. We present data on sea salt ions, sulfur components and stable isotopes from surface and snow pit samples collected along the transect route from Zhongshan Station to Dome A during the austral summer in 2012–2013. A general decreasing trend in the accumulation, sea salt ions and sulfur components occurred with increasing distance from the coast and increasing elevation. However, different sources of the marine components, transport pathways and post-depositional influences were responsible for their different spatial distribution patterns. The marine ions in the coastal snow pit varied seasonally, with higher sea salt ion concentrations in the winter and lower concentrations in the summer; the opposite pattern was found for the sulfur compounds. The sea ice area surrounding Antarctica was the main source region for the deposited sea salt and the open sea water for the sulfur compounds. No significant trends in the marine-origin components were detected during the past 3 decades. Several periods of elevated deposition of sea salt ions were associated with lower temperatures（based on δD and δ18O） or intensified wind fields. In comparison to the sea salt ions, the sulfur concentrations exhibited the opposite distribution patterns and were associated with changes in the surrounding sea ice extent.

关键词： Marine-origin matter Transect Dome A Eastern Antarctica

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A 2680-year record of sea ice extent in the Ross Sea and the associated atmospheric circulation derived from the DT401 East Antarctic ice core

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Science China Earth Sciences 2015年第11期58卷 2090-2102页

作者： li chuanjin REN JiaWen XIAO CunDe HOU ShuGui DING MingHu QIN DaHe State Key Laboratory of the Cryospheric Sciences Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of Sciences School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences Nanjing University Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences

Long time series of Antarctic sea ice extent （SIE） are important for climate research and model forecasting. A historic ice extent in the Ross Sea in early austral winter was rebuilt through sea salt ions in the DT401 ice core in interior East Antarctica. El Nino-Southern Oscillation （ENSO） had a significant influence on the sea salt deposition in DT401 through its influence on the Ross Sea SIE and the transport of sea salt inland. Spectral analysis also supported the influence of ENSO with a significant 2-6 a periodicity band. In addition, statistically significant decadal （10 a） and pentadecadal （50-70 a） periodicities suggested the existence of a teleconnection from the Pacific decadal oscillation （PDO）, which originated from sea surface temperature anomalies in the tropical Pacific Ocean. The first eigenvector of the empirical orthogonal function analysis （EOF1） showed lower values during the Medieval Warm Period （MWP）, while higher values were found in the little Ice Age （liA）. A higher frequency of ENSO events were found in the cold climatic stage, The post 1800 AD period was occupied by significant fluctuations of the EOF1, and PDO may be one of the influencing factors. The EOF1 values showed moderate fluctuations from 680 BC to 1000 AD, showing that the climate was relatively stable in this period.

关键词： sea salt ions sea ice extent ENSO DT401 Eastern Antarctica

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Dating a 109.9 m ice core from Dome A (East Antarctica) with volcanic records and a firn densification model

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Science China Earth Sciences 2012年第8期55卷 1280-1288页

作者： li chuanjin XIAO CunDe HOU ShuGui REN JiaWen DING MingHu GUO Rui The State Key Laboratory of the Cryospheric Sciences Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081China Alashan Desert Eco-Hydrology Experimental Research Station Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China

A 109.9 m ice core was extracted at a location about 300 m away from the Dome A summit （80°00′S, 77°21″E） by the Chinese team of the International Trans-Antarctic Science Expedition （ITASE） during the 21st Chinese National Antarctica Research Expedition （CHINARE） in January 2005. Two independent methods were used for dating the ice core, volcanic event markers shown by prominent non-sea-salt sulfate （nss-SO4^2-） and the Herron and Langway （H-L） firn densification model. Six promi- nent volcanic events （Agung 1963 AD, Tambora 1815 AD, Kuwae 1453 AD, Unknown 1259 AD, Taupo 186 AD and Pinatubo 1050 BC） were identified by comparison with other Antarctic ice cores. Based on the mean accumulation rates be- tween adjacent events, we estimate the age at the tim pore close-off depth （102 m） was 3516±100 a BP. This is the oldest close-off age ever reported from the Antarctic and the Greenland ice sheets. Calculations using the H-L model show that the age at the same depth is 3581±100 a BP. The two dating techniques differ by 65 years, or -1.8% of the record. We calculated the bottom age of the ice core as 4009±150 a BP using the volcanic dating method and 4115±150 a BP using the H-L model method.

关键词： Eastern Antarctic ice sheet Dome A volcanic events ice core dating

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Factors controlling the nitrate in the DT-401 ice core in eastern Antarctica

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Science China Earth Sciences 2013年第9期56卷 1531-1539页

作者： li chuanjin REN JiaWen QIN DaHe XIAO CunDe HOU ShuGui li YuanSheng DING MingHu State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of Sciences School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences Nanjing University Laboratory of Polar Glacial Research Polar Research Institute of China Division of Cenozoic Geology and Environment Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of Sciences

Nitrate,an oxidized product of NO x preserved in the polar ice cores,has often been used to estimate past changes of the atmospheric nitrogen cycle.A 102.65 m ice core drilled at DT-401(79°01'S,77°00'E) in 1999 provides an opportunity to investigate the possible influencing factors for the nitrate budget in the eastern *** studied the relationship between the δ18O(representing the temperature),accumulation rate,volcanic deposition and the astronomical factors(such as the solar activities,supernovae,etc.),and the nitrate variation along the whole duration(2680-year) of the ice *** impacts of the accumulation rate acting on the nitrate flux rather than the concentration were ***,no significant correlation was found between the δ18O and the nitrate deposition characteristics(concentration and the flux variations).Volcanic deposition can significantly affect the deposition of nitrate with a decreasing trend accompanied by the nss-SO42(volcanic signal) peak *** of the solar activities on the nitrate deposition can be detected at this site,and three prominent periodicities(16.6,24.0 and 102.0 yr) were found for the nitrate concentration *** climatic events(Dalton Minimum,Maunder Minimum,Sporer Minimum,Wolf Minimum,Oort Minimum and Medieval Maximum) during the past 1150 years were observed with lower nitrate values for the foregoing five events and higher value for the last one.

关键词： Factors controlling the nitrate in the DT-401 ice core in eastern Antarctica

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Surface mass balance and its climate significance from the coast to Dome A, East Antarctica

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Science China Earth Sciences 2015年第10期58卷 1787-1797页

作者： DING MingHu XIAO CunDe li chuanjin QIN DaHe JIN Bo SHI GuiTao XIE AiHong CUI XiangBin Institute of Climate System Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration Polar Research Institute of China

Based on stake measurements conducted along the Chinese Antarctic traverse since Jan.1999,we investigated the characteristics of surface mass balance(SMB)and related climate consequences from Zhongshan Station to Dome A,East *** analysis suggests that post-depositional processes have a great impact on surface morphology;thus,the representativeness of a single measurement should be discussed in conjunction with local climate *** comparison among snow accumulation,ice sheet thickness,surface elevation,and ice velocity indicates that the bedrock topography has an indirect connection with the SMB patterns through controlling the surface topography and local *** observation reveals that the Lambert Glacier Basin has been experiencing increasing mass input(4.5%),whereas the inland area has experienced a 6%loss,since *** overall estimation of the SMB along the route is 71.3±44.3 kg m?2 a?1,but the annual and regional variation is *** analysis shows that there are four sections with different SMB patterns as a result of three moisture sources and surface climatic discrepancy in the Antarctic *** study is the first to identify four SMB patterns from the coast to the Dome area and should provide a valuable contribution to modeling and remote sensing on a continental scale.

关键词： surface mass balance ITASE snow accumulation Dome A East Antarctica

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An observational study of precipitation types in the Alaskan Arctic

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Advances in Polar Science 2021年第4期32卷 327-340页

作者： YUE Handong DOU Tingfeng li Shutong li chuanjin DING Minghu XIAO Cunde College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather and Institute of Tibetan Plateau&Polar Meteorology Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

The effects of various precipitation types,such as snow,rain,sleet,hail and freezing rain,on regional hydrology,ecology,snow and ice surfaces differ *** to limited observations,however,few studies into precipitation types have been conducted in the *** on the high-resolution precipitation records from an OTT Parsivel^(2) disdrometer in Utqiaġvik,Alaska,this study analysed variations in precipitation types in the Alaskan Arctic from 15 May to 16 October,*** show that rain and snow were the dominant precipitation types during the measurement period,accounting for 92%of the total *** addition,freezing rain,sleet,and hail were also observed(2,4 and 11 times,respectively),accounting for the rest part of the total *** records from a neighbouring *** Reference Network(USCRN)station equipped with T-200B rain gauges support the results of *** analysis revealed that Global Precipitation Measurement(GPM)satellite data could well characterise the observed precipitation changes in Utqiaġ*** with satellite data and station observations,the spatiotemporal variations in precipitation were verified in various reanalysis datasets,and the results indicated that ECMWF Reanalysis v5(ERA5)could better describe the observed precipitation time series in Utqiaġvik and the spatial distribution of data in the Alaskan ***-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications,Version 2(MERRA-2)overestimated the amount and frequency of *** 55-year Reanalysis(JRA-55)could better simulate heavy precipitation events and the spatial distribution of the precipitation phase,but it overestimated summer snowfall.

关键词： disdrometer precipitation types reanalysis datasets data comparison

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Spatial distribution of marine chemicals along a transect from Zhongshan Station to the Grove Mountain area, Eastern Antarctica

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Science China Earth Sciences 2014年第10期57卷 2366-2373页

作者： QIN Xiang li chuanjin XIAO CunDe HOU ShuGui DING MingHu REN JiaWen QIN DaHe State Key Laboratory of the Cryospheric Sciences the Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of Sciences School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences Nanjing University Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences

This study investigates the regional distribution of marine aerosol originated species （Na＋, CI-, nss-SO42- and MSA） in the snow pits （or firn cores） collected along a transect between Zhongshan Station and the Grove Mountain area （450 km inland） on the eastern side of the Lambert Glacier Basin. Concentrations of Na＋ and Cl- decrease exponentially with distance from the coast to 100 km inland （i.e., 1500 m a.s.1.）. Statistical results demonstrate that distance from the coast inland and elevation af-fect the concentration of sea-salt originated ions in inland areas significantly. Increase of Cl-/Na＋ ratio and higher variability in its standard deviation suggest that there are other sources of ions in addition to sea-salt in inland areas of the Antarctic conti- nent. The concentrations of Na＋ and Cl- from nine sampling sites in the Grove Mountain area are relatively higher than those from sites along CHINARE transect, although all sites are at similar distance inland. This phenomenon indicates that the barri- er effect of the mountain may be the most important factor influencing ion deposition. In addition, nss-SO42- and MSA vary differently, with nss-SO42- decreasing with distance more significantly. This implies that sources and transporting pathways influence the deposition of the two sulfur compounds considerably, being supported by the spatial pattern of correlation coeffi- cients between the nss-SO42- and MSA.

关键词： marine chemicals sea-salt sulfur compounds Lambert Basin

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Snowdrift effect on snow deposition：Insights from a comparison of a snow pit profile and meteorological observations in east Antarctica

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Science China Earth Sciences 2017年第4期60卷 672-685页

作者： DING MingHu ZHANG Tong XIAO CunDe li chuanjin JIN Bo BIAN linGen WANG ShuJie ZHANG DongQi QIN DaHe State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081 China State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration Beijing 100860 China

A high-frequency and precise ultrasonic sounder was used to monitor precipitated/deposited and drift snow events over a 3-year period(17 January 2005 to 4 January 2008) at the Eagle automatic weather station site,inland *** species and oxygen isotope ratios were also generated from a snow pit below the *** accumulation and snowdrift events were used to examine the synchronism with seasonal variations of δ^(18)O and ion species,providing an opportunity to assess the snowdrift effect in typical Antarctic inland *** were up to 1-year differences for this 3-year-long snow pit between the traditional dating method and ultrasonic *** difference implies that in areas with low accumulation or high wind,the snowdrift effect can induce abnormal disturbances on snow *** snowdrift effect should be seriously taken into account for high-resolution dating of ice cores and estimation of surface mass balance,especially when the morphology of most Antarctic inland areas is similar to that of the Eagle site.

关键词： Urban Evapotranspiration SEBS Remote sensing Anthropogenic heat

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Comparison of temperature extremes between Zhongshan Station and Great Wall Station in Antarctica

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2018年第5期10卷 369-378页

作者： AiHong Xie ShiMeng Wang YiCheng Wang chuanjin li State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouGansu 730000China Gansu Meteorological Administration LanzhouGansu 730020China

Although temperature extremes have led to more and more disasters, there are as yet few studies on the extremes and many disagreements on temperature changes in Antarctica. Based on daily minimum, maximum, and mean air temperatures(Tmin, Tmax, Tmean) at Great Wall Station(GW) and Zhongshan Station(ZS), we compared the temperature extremes and revealed a strong warming trend in Tmin, a slight warming trend in Tmean, cooling in Tmax, a decreasing trend in the daily temperature range, and the typical characteristic of coreless winter temperature. There are different seasonal variabilities, with the least in summer. The continentality index and seasonality show that the marine air mass has more effect on GW than ZS. Following the terminology of the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC AR5), we defined nine indices of temperature extremes, based on the Antarctic geographical environment. Extreme-warm days have decreased, while extreme-warm nights have shown a nonsignificant trend. The number of melting days has increased at GW, while little change at ZS. More importantly, we have found inverse variations in temperature patterns between the two stations, which need further investigation into the dynamics of climate change in Antarctica.

关键词： temperature extremes Great Wall Station Zhongshan Station West Antarctica East Antarctica inverse variations climate events

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Iron in the NEEM ice core relative to Asian loess records over the last glacial–interglacial cycle

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National Science Review 2021年第7期8卷 110-123页

作者： Cunde Xiao Zhiheng Du Mike J Handley Paul A Mayewski Junji Cao Simon Schupbach Tong Zhang Jean-Robert Petit chuanjin li Yeongcheol Han Yuefang li Jiawen Ren State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Beijing Normal University State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources Chinese Academy of Sciences Climate Change Institute School of Earth and Climate Sciences University of Maine Key Laboratory of Aerosol Science and Technology SKLLQG Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Climate and Environmental Physics Physics Institute University of Bern 6. Institute of Tibetan Plateau and Polar Meteorology Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences 7. Institut des Geosciences de I'Environment (IGE) University Grenoble Alpes 8. Korea Polar Research Institute

Mineral dust can indirectly affect the climate by supplying bioavailable iron(Fe) to the ocean. Here, we present the records of dissolved Fe(DFe) and total Fe(TDFe) in North Greenland Eemian Ice Drilling(NEEM) ice core over the past 110 kyr BP. The Fe records are significantly negatively correlated with the carbon-dioxide(CO2) concentrations during cold periods. The results suggest that the changes in Fe fluxes over the past 110 kyr BP in the NEEM ice core are consistent with those in Chinese loess records because the mineral-dust distribution is controlled by the East Asian deserts. Furthermore, the variations in the dust input on a global scale are most likely driven by changes in solar radiation during the last glacial–interglacial cycle in response to Earth’s orbital cycles. In the last glacial–interglacial cycle, the DFe/TDFe ratios were higher during the warm periods(following the post-Industrial Revolution and during the Holocene and last interglacial period) than during the main cold period(i.e. the last glacial maximum(LGM)), indicating that the aeolian input of iron and the iron fertilization effect on the oceans have a non-linear relationship during different periods. Although the burning of biomass aerosols has released large amounts of DFe since the Industrial Revolution, no significant responses are observed in the DFe and TDFe variations during this period, indicating that severe anthropogenic contamination has no significant effect on the DFe(TDFe)release in the NEEM ice core.

关键词： Greenland NEEM ice core iron fertilization carbon dioxide Chinese loess glacial–interglacial cycle

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