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Apolipoprotein E4 interferes with lipid metabolism to exacerbate depression-like behaviors in 5xFAD mice

Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2024年第3期7卷 347-361页

作者： Yanju Gong Mingfeng Li Min Liu Xinghan wu Yanhong Li chuan Qin Ling Zhang iNHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine Beijing Engineering Research Center for Experimental Animal Models of Human Critical DiseasesInternational Center for Technology and lnnovation of Animal ModelComparative Medicine CenterInstitute of Laboratory Animal SciencesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS)and Peking Union Medical College(PuMC)BeijingChina Changping National Laboratory(CPNL) BeijingChina

Background:Apolipoprotein E4(ApoE4)allele is the strongest genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's disease,and it can aggravate depressive symptoms in non-AD ***,the impact of ApoE4 on AD-associated depression-l ike behaviors and its underlying pathogenic mechanisms remain ***:This study developed a 5xFAD mouse model overexpressing human ApoE4(E4FAD).Behavioral assessments and synaptic function tests were conducted to explore the effects of ApoE4 on cognition and depression in 5xFAD *** in peripheral and central lipid metabolism,as well as the levels of serotonin(5-HT)andγ-aminobutyric acid(GABA)neurotransmitters in the prefrontal cortex,were *** addition,the protein levels of 24-dehydrocholesterol reductase/glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta/mammalian target of rapamycin(DHCR24/GSK3β/m TOR)and postsynaptic density protein 95/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II/brain-derived neurotrophic factor(PSD95/CaMK-II/BDNF)were measured to investigate the molecular mechanism underlying the effects of ApoE4 on AD ***:Compared with 5xFAD mice,E4FAD mice exhibited more severe depressionlike behaviors and cognitive *** mice also exhibited increased amyloid-beta deposition in the hippocampus,increased astrocyte numbers,and decreased expression of depression-related neurotransmitters 5-HT and GABA in the prefrontal ***,lipid metabolism disorders were observed in E4FAD,manifesting as elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in peripheral blood,decreased cholesterol level in the prefrontal cortex,and reduced expression of key enzymes and proteins related to cholesterol synthesis and *** expression of proteins related to the DHCR24/GSK3β/m TOR and PSD95/CaMK-II/BDNF pathways was also ***:This study found that ApoE4 overexpression exacerbates depressionlike behaviors in 5xFAD mice and confirmed that ApoE4 reduces co

关键词： 5xFAD mice Alzheimer's disease ApoE4 allele depression like

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PICOTEES:a privacy-preserving online service of phenotype exploration for genetic-diagnostic variants from Chinese children cohorts

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第2期51卷 243-251页

作者： Xinran Dong Yulan Lu Lanting Guo chuan Li Qi Ni Bingbing wu Huijun Wang Lin Yang Songyang wu Qi Sun Hao Zheng Wenhao Zhou Shuang Wang Center for Molecular Medicine Children's Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghai 201102China Key Laboratory of Birth Defects Children's Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghai 201102China Department of Bioinformatics Hangzhou Nuowei Information Technology Co.LtdHangzhouZhejiang 310000China The Third Research Institute of the Ministry of Public Security Shanghai 200031China Xiamen Campus of Children's Hospital of Fudan University XiamenFujian 361006China Institutes for Systems Genetics West China HospitalChengduSichuan 610041China Shanghai Putuo People's Hospital Tongji UniversityShanghai 200060China

The growth in biomedical data resources has raised potential privacy concerns and risks of genetic information leakage. For instance, exome sequencing aids clinical decisions by comparing data through web services, but it requires significant trust between users and providers. To alleviate privacy concerns, the most commonly used strategy is to anonymize sensitive data. Unfortunately, studies have shown that anonymization is insufficient to protect against reidentification attacks. Recently, privacy-preserving technologies have been applied to preserve application utility while protecting the privacy of biomedical data. We present the PICOTEES framework, a privacy-preserving online service of phenotype exploration for genetic-diagnostic variants (https://***:3000/). PICOTEES enables privacy-preserving queries of the phenotype spectrum for a single variant by utilizing trusted execution environment technology, which can protect the privacy of the user's query information, backend models, and data, as well as the final results. We demonstrate the utility and performance of PICOTEES by exploring a bioinformatics dataset. The dataset is from a cohort containing 20,909 genetic testing patients with 3,152,508 variants from the Children's Hospital of Fudan University in China, dominated by the Chinese Han population (>99.9%). Our query results yield a large number of unreported diagnostic variants and previously reported pathogenicity.

关键词： Privacy protecti on Rare diseases in children Genetic testing Web system Trusted executi on envir onment

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Dynamic emission characteristics and control strategies of air pollutants from motor vehicles in downtown Beijing,China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 637-646页

作者： Yan Shen Tongran wu Aiping Lian jie Gao Fei Peng Guohua Song Xuefang wu Yangyang Cui Xinyu Liu Yunfei Wan Jing Yan Yifeng Xue National Engineering Research Center of Urban Environmental Pollution Control Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environmental ProtectionBeijing 100037China Beijing Municipal Ecology and Environment Bureau Beijing 100048China Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing 100091China

This study combined the real-time monitoring and investigation of traffic flows to comprehensively analyze the road traffic flow and vehicle structure in downtown Beijing.A dynamic emission inventory of motor vehicle air pollutants in downtown Beijing in 2021 was established,and the impact of these emissions on air quality was simulated and quantified,and different emission reduction control scenarios were proposed to evaluate their environmental improvement effects and explore measures to mitigate the impact of pollution *** results show that the high traffic flow and the structure of the motor vehicle emissions in downtown Beijing are the main causes of severe motor vehicle *** data shows that traffic flow in central Beijing is dominated by small passenger vehicles,while the vehicle mix is better than in other regions,with 72.0%of vehicles meeting"National V"or higher emission ***,to achieve higher air quality goals,further reducing vehicle emissions is *** on dynamic traffic flow,the average daily emissions of nitrogen oxides(NOX),particulate matters(PM_(2.5))and volatile organic compounds(VOC)from motor vehicles in central Beijing are 17.7 tons,0.6 tons and 14.0 tons,respectively,accounting for 23.0%of the city’s average daily motor vehicle *** a zero-emission zone for motor vehicles were implemented in central Beijing,the annual average emission level of pollutants will be reduced by 10.4%to 21.0%.The designation of ultra-low emission zones for motor vehicles could be effective in improving the air quality in the center of Beijing.

关键词： Motor vehicle Air pollutant Emission characteristics Control strategy Beijing

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Optical responses of metallic plasmonic arrays under the localized excitation

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 1571-1577页

作者： Sen Yan Hao Ma Yi-Fan Bao Maofeng Cao chuan Liu Kaifeng Zhang Xiaowei wu Jianbo He Xiang Wang Bin Ren State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces Department of ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province(IKKEM) Xiamen 361005China Research&Development Group HitachiLtd.Yokohama 244-0817KanagawaJapan Department of Electronic Science and Engineering Kyoto UniversityKyoto 615-8510Japan

The metallic plasmonic array that can support both propagating surface plasmon polaritons(PSPPs)and localized surface plasmon resonance(LSPR)possesses rich optical properties and remarkable optical performance,making it a powerful platform for applications in photonics,chemistry,and *** practical applications,the excitation spot is usually smaller than the area of metal *** is thus imperative to address“how many array units are enough?”towards a rational design of plasmonic ***,we employed focused ion beam(FIB)to precisely fabricate a series of plasmonic array structures with increased unit *** utilizing photoluminescence(PL)and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS),we found that the array units outside the excitation spot still have a significant impact on the optical response within the *** with the numerical simulation,we found that the boundary of the finite array leads to the loss of PSPP outside the excitation point,which subsequently affects the coupling of PSPP and LSPR in the excitation spot,leading to variations in PL and SERS *** on the findings,we further tuned the LSPR mode of the metal arrays by electrodeposition to obtain strong near-field enhancement without any influence on the PSPP *** work advances the understanding of near-field and far-field optical behavior in finite-size array structures and provides guidance for designing highly-efficient photonic devices.

关键词： plasmonic periodic array finite-size effects dark field scattering surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS)

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M2 macrophage-related molecular subtypes and prognostic index for prostate cancer patients through integrating single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing analysis

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第4期11卷 131-133页

作者： Dechao Feng Xu Shi Dengxiong Li Ruicheng wu jie Wang wuran Wei Ping Han Department of Urology Institute of UrologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610041China

Prostate cancer(PCa)is considered as an age-related disease and accounts for the most prevalence of urinary malignancies in men.1 We previously analyzed the cellular landscape of tumor microenvironment in PCa patients,where we found that cancer-related fibroblasts might play an important role in tumorigenesis and the development of PCa and tumor-associated macrophage(TAM)could function synergistically with them.2 Thus,we further integrated single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing with meta-analysis to specify the prognostic effect of TAM on PCa and construct molecular subgroups and predictive index to guide clinical practice.

关键词： patients macrophage cancer

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Simulation study on cuttings transport of the backreaming operation for long horizontal section wells

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Petroleum Science 2024年第2期21卷 1149-1170页

作者： Yu-Fei Chen Hui Zhang Wen-Xin wu Jun Li Yong Ouyang Zong-Yu Lu De-Xin Ma Yong-chuan wu Jun-Bo Liu Ke-Rou Liu Zhuo-Xin Dong China University of Petroleum(Beijing) Beijing102249China Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai Experimental and Practical Education Innovation CenterZhuhai519087GuangdongChina Oil&Gas Technology Research Institute of PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company Xi'an710016ShaanxiChina PetroChina Xinjiang Oilfield Company Karamay834002XinjiangChina China Oilfield Services Ltd. Tianjin300459China

The backreaming operation plays a significant role in safe drilling for horizontal wellbores, while it may cause severe stuck pipe accidents. To lower the risk of the stuck pipe in backreaming operations, the mechanism of cuttings transport needs to be carefully investigated. In this research, a transient cuttings transport with multiple flow patterns model is developed to predict the evolution of cuttings transported in the annulus while backreaming. The established model can provide predictions of the distribution of cuttings bed along the wellbore considering the bulldozer effect caused by large-size drilling tools(LSDTs). The sensitivity analyses of the size of LSDTs, and backreaming operating parameters are conducted in Section 4. And a new theory is proposed to explain the mechanism of cuttings transport in the backreaming operation, in which both the bit and LSDTs have the “cleaning effect” and “plugging effect”.The results demonstrate that the cuttings bed in annuli is in a state of dynamic equilibrium, but the overall trend and the distribution pattern are obvious. First, larger diameters and longer drilling tools could lead to a higher risk of the stuck pipe. Second, we find that it is not the case that the higher flow rate is always better for hole cleaning, so three flow-rate intervals are discussed separately under the given conditions. When the “dangerous flow rate”(35 L/s in Case 4),the higher the flow rate, the better the cleaning effect of cuttings beds. Third, an interval of tripping velocity called “dangerous velocity” is proposed, in which the cuttings bed accumulation near the LSDTs is more serious than

关键词： Backreaming Stuck pipe Hole cleaning Transient solid transport Multiple flow patterns

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Composition,function,and timing:exploring the early‑life gut microbiota in piglets for probiotic interventions

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 659-678页

作者： Jianping Quan Cineng Xu Donglin Ruan Yong Ye Yibin Qiu jie wu Shenping Zhou Menghao Luan Xiang Zhao Yue Chen Danyang Lin Ying Sun Jifei Yang Enqin Zheng Gengyuan Cai Zhenfang wu jie Yang College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongPeople’s Republic of China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro‑Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina Yunfu Subcenter of Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture YunfuGuangdongChina National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry Wens Foodstuff Group Co.Ltd.YunfuGuangdongPeople’s Republic of China

Background The establishment of a robust gut microbiota in piglets during their early developmental stage holds the potential for long-term advantageous ***,the optimal timeframe for introducing probiotics to achieve this outcome remains *** In the context of this investigation,we conducted a longitudinal assessment of the fecal microbiota of 63 piglets at three distinct pre-weaning time ***,we gathered vaginal and fecal samples from 23 *** 16S rRNA gene and metagenomic sequencing methodologies,we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the fluctuation patterns in microbial composition,functional capacity,interaction networks,and colonization resistance within the gut microbiota of *** the piglets progressed in age,discernible modifications in intestinal microbial diversity,composition,and function were observed.A source-tracking analysis unveiled the pivotal role of fecal and vaginal microbiota derived from sows in populating the gut microbiota of neonatal *** D21,the microbial interaction network displayed a more concise and efficient configuration,accompanied by enhanced colonization resistance relative to the other two time ***,we identified three strains of Ruminococcus *** D10 as potential candidates for improving piglets’weight gain during the weaning *** The findings of this study propose that D10 represents the most opportune juncture for the introduction of external probiotic interventions during the early stages of piglet *** investigation augments our comprehension of the microbiota dynamics in early-life of piglets and offers valuable insights for guiding forthcoming probiotic interventions.

关键词： Colonization resistance Intestinal microbiota Piglet Weaning Weight gain

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Lignin-reinforced PVDF electrolyte for dendrite-free quasi-solid-state Li metal battery

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Rare Metals 2024年第3期43卷 1006-1016页

作者： Xin-Yang Chen Xue-jie Gao Han-Yan wu Yu-Long Liu Xiao-Fei Yang Run-Cang Sun Center for Lignocellulosic Chemistry and Biomaterials College of Light Industry and Chemical EngineeringDalian Polytechnic UniversityDalian116034China Division of Energy Storage Dalian National Laboratory for Clean EnergyDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian116023China School of Chemistry Northeast Normal UniversityChangchun130024China

Quasi-solid-state lithium metal batteries(QSSLMBs)assembled with polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)are a promising class of next-generation rechargeable batteries due to their safety,high energy density,and superior interfacial ***,PVDF has a series of inherent drawbacks such as low ionic conductivity,ease of crystallization,and hydrophobic character that leading to poor cell *** tackle these issues,a lignin-reinforced PVDF electrolyte is proposed in this work to solve these drawbacks of PVDF and enhance the comprehensive performance of *** lithophilic polar groups of lignin can promote uniform deposition of Li on the *** with the improved mechanical properties can efficiently prevent Li dendrites penetration through the *** addition,more active sites provided by lignin can also enhance Li^(+)transport and lead to a faster electrochemical reaction *** from the ingenious design,Li symmetric cells with 5%lignin-PVDF quasi-solid-state electrolyte can operate for 900 h at a high current density/capacity of 5 mA·cm^(-2)/5 mAh·cm^(-2),while shortcircuiting occurs after 56 h for the counterpart(pure PVDF).Moreover,a full cell of Li/5%lignin-PVDF/LFP cell demonstrates a high capacity of 96.2 mAh·g^(-1)after 2000 cycles at 10 *** work is expected to open up promising opportunities to develop other high-energy/power-density QSSLMBs.

关键词： Quasi-solid-state electrolyte Lignin PVDF Dendrite-free Li metal battery

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Metal–organic framework wafer enabled fast response radiation detection with ultra-low dark current

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 2988-2993页

作者： Meng Xu Jianxi Liu Wei wu Yang Chen Donghao Ma Sixin Chen Wanqi jie Menghua Zhu Yadong Xu State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing MIIT Key Laboratory of Radiation Detection Materials and Devices&School of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China

Semiconductive metal–organic frameworks(MOFs)have attracted great interest for the electronic ***,dark currents of present hybrid organic–inorganic materials are 1000–10,000 times higher than those of commercial inorganic detectors,leading to poor charge ***,we demonstrate a ZIF-8(Zn(mim)_(2),mim=2-methylimidazolate)wafer with ultra-low dark current of 1.27 pA·mm^(-2) under high electric fields of 322 V·mm^(-1).The isostatic pressing preparation process provides ZIF-8 wafers with good ***,the presence of redox-active metals and small spatial separation between components promotes the charge *** ZIF-8-based semiconductor detector shows promising X-ray detection sensitivity of 70.82μC·Gy^(-1)·cm^(-2) with low doses exposures,contributing to superior X-ray imaging capability with a relatively high spatial resolution of 1.2 lp·mm^(-1).Simultaneously,good peak discrimination with the energy resolution of~43.78%is disclosed when the detector is illuminated by uncollimated 241Am@5.48 MeVα-*** results provide a broad prospect of MOFs for future radiation detection applications.

关键词： MOFs lead-free α-particles X-ray detection and imaging dark current fast response

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The cluster digging behavior of larvae confers trophic benefits to fitness in insects

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Insect Science 2024年第3期31卷 870-884页

作者： Yujie wu Qiang Wang Weikang Yang Sheng Zhang chuan-Xi Mao Nana He Shaojie Zhou chuanming Zhou Wei Liu School of Plant Protection Anhui Agricultural UniversityAnhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest ManagementAnhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and ApplicationHefeiChina College of Plant Protection Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina School of Teacher Education Nanjng Xiaozhuang UniversityNanjingChina State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Chinese Traditional MedicineNational&Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-throughput Drug Screening TechnologySchool of Life ScienceHubei UniversityWuhanChina

Collective behaviors efficiently impart benefits to a diversity of species ranging from bacteria to *** larvae tend to cluster and form coordinated digging groups under crowded conditions,yet understanding the rules governing this behavior is in its *** primarily took advantage of the Drosophila model to investigate cooperative foraging ***,we report that Drosophila-related species and the black soldier fly have evolved a conserved strategy of cluster digging in food ***,we investigated relative factors,including larval stage,population density,and food stiffness and quality,that affect the cluster digging ***,oxygen supply through the posterior breathing spiracles is necessary for the organization of digging *** importantly,we theoretically devise a mathematical model to accurately calculate how the cluster digging behavior expands food resources by diving depth,cross-section area,and food *** found that cluster digging behavior approximately increases 2.2 fold depth,1.7-fold cross-section area,and 1.9 fold volume than control groups,*** of food sources significantly facilitates survival,larval development,and reproductive success of Drosophila challenged with competition for limited food resources,thereby conferring trophic benefits to fitness in ***,our findings highlight that the cluster digging behavior is a pivotal behavior for their adaptation to food scarcity,advancing a better understanding of how this cooperative behavior confers fitness benefits in the animal kingdom.

关键词： cluster digging determinant development fecundity larvae mathematical model

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