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浅析尿毒症瘙痒评估量表

医师在线 2024年第3期14卷 90-93页

作者：付饶何剑川吴霞唐子茹成都中医药大学附属医院肾病一科成都610072 四川省中西医结合医院肾病科成都610041

瘙痒是很多皮肤疾病共有的自觉症状,也是尿毒症患者发病率最高的并发症之一,具有发病部位广泛、夜间症状加重、程度轻重不一等特点。目前,临床上所使用的皮肤瘙痒评估量表种类繁多,但多数为精神科或皮肤科医师所研发,再经肾病科医师汉... 详细信息

瘙痒是很多皮肤疾病共有的自觉症状,也是尿毒症患者发病率最高的并发症之一,具有发病部位广泛、夜间症状加重、程度轻重不一等特点。目前,临床上所使用的皮肤瘙痒评估量表种类繁多,但多数为精神科或皮肤科医师所研发,再经肾病科医师汉化或借用,专门用于评估尿毒症瘙痒病情的量表相对较少,且对尿毒症瘙痒的评估标准也尚未统一,临床医生在量表的选择上存在一定困难。本文整理归纳了目前临床常用的尿毒症瘙痒评估量表,并浅析各自的优缺点,以期为临床医师在不同应用场景下选择合适的评估量表提供参考。

关键词：慢性肾脏病尿毒症皮肤瘙痒瘙痒评估量表瘙痒程度

内源营养负荷对4种常见沉水植物生长、形态和资源分配策略的影响

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水生生物学报 2024年第3期48卷 426-435页

作者：庞伟程付贵萍沈哲文孙尚省马巾华兆晖丑庆川深圳大学生命与海洋科学学院海洋生物资源与生态环境重点实验室深圳518055 上海海洋大学环境DNA技术与水生态健康评估工程中心上海201306 中国科学院水生生物研究所淡水生态和生物技术国家重点实验室武汉430072

为探明内源营养负荷对沉水植物生长、形态和资源分配的影响,研究通过控制沉积物的营养浓度,探究4种常见沉水植物苦草(Vallisneria natans)、黑藻(Hydrilla verticillata)、穗状狐尾藻(Myriophyllum spicatum)和竹叶眼子菜(Potamogeton w... 详细信息

为探明内源营养负荷对沉水植物生长、形态和资源分配的影响,研究通过控制沉积物的营养浓度,探究4种常见沉水植物苦草(Vallisneria natans)、黑藻(Hydrilla verticillata)、穗状狐尾藻(Myriophyllum spicatum)和竹叶眼子菜(Potamogeton wrightii)的多种功能性状对沉积物营养浓度的响应。结果表明:(1)内源营养负荷的增加促进了4种沉水植物的生长,其中苦草的种群数量和总生物量均高于其他沉水植物。然而,当沉积物营养含量过高时(C:73.33 mg/g;N:4.94 mg/g;P:0.68 mg/g)4种沉水植物的种群数量均有所下降。(2)沉水植物形态特征对沉积物营养含量变化的响应趋势并不一致,所有物种株高均逐渐升高,根长则无显著变化规律;苦草和竹叶眼子菜的单株鲜重持续升高,黑藻和穗状狐尾藻的单株鲜重先升高后降低。(3)内源营养物质含量的变化使4种植物的资源分配发生了显著变化,随着沉积物营养含量上升4种沉水植物的地上生物量占比显著升高(根冠比显著下降),光合色素含量显著升高,但过高的营养含量对光合色素合成产生负效应。总之,本研究结果表明苦草对沉积物营养负荷变化的适应能力最强,因此在富营养化水体的生态修复中选择苦草作为先锋种能有效提高沉水植物的修复效率。

关键词：沉水植物内源营养负荷形态特征资源分配

基于UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS结合网络药理学探讨半夏泻心汤入血成分及治疗脾虚型溃疡性结肠炎的作用机制

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天然产物研究与开发 2024年第9期36卷 1610-1624页

作者：朱海燕杨福权左秦川房智彦黄丽莉淮文英王艳秋张天娥成都中医药大学基础医学院成都611137 广元市中医医院广元628000 蒲江县中医医院蒲江611630 广州中医药大学深圳医院(福田) 深圳518034 中医药和干细胞研究中心成都611137

研究通过建立脾虚型溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis,UC)模型,采用液相芯片对大鼠血清中炎性细胞因子进行高通量检测,同时以HE染色对结肠组织进行炎症分级评分,验证半夏泻心汤(Banxia Xiexin Tang,BXT)对脾虚型UC的药理作用。随后利用... 详细信息

研究通过建立脾虚型溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis,UC)模型,采用液相芯片对大鼠血清中炎性细胞因子进行高通量检测,同时以HE染色对结肠组织进行炎症分级评分,验证半夏泻心汤(Banxia Xiexin Tang,BXT)对脾虚型UC的药理作用。随后利用超高效液相色谱-四极杆/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱(UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS)对BXT入血成分进行分析,并结合网络药理学,探究BXT治疗脾虚型UC的作用机制。结果显示,UC能够增加大鼠血清中细胞因子白细胞介素-1α(interleukin-1α,IL-1α)、白细胞介素-10(interleukin-10,IL-10)、白细胞介素-18(interleukin-18,IL-18)、干扰素-γ(interferon-γ,IFN-γ)、肿瘤坏死因子(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)表达水平;BXT可降低血清炎性细胞因子含量,且BXT高剂量组(20 g/kg)下降最明显,无明显炎细胞浸润,表明BXT对脾虚型UC具有一定的治疗作用。大鼠血清中发现入血成分共20个;网络药理学筛选出BXT治疗UC相关靶点87个,涉及炎症反应、炎症反应调节、微生物反应等生物过程,参与了IL-17、脂质与动脉粥样硬化、糖尿病并发症中的AGE-RAGE信号通路、TNF等信号通路。综上可知,BXT治疗脾虚型UC可能与抑制肠道炎症、调节肠道微生物及保护肠道屏障等多个途径相关,从而达到治疗UC效果。

关键词：半夏泻心汤脾虚型溃疡性结肠炎 UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS 入血成分网络药理学作用机制

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致密油藏高起泡强渗吸驱油剂的构建及性能研究

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现代化工 2024年第5期44卷 155-162页

作者：张利伟谢虎王瑞付高峰徐金山郑存川中国石油新疆油田分公司工程技术研究院新疆克拉玛依834000 中国石油新疆油田分公司第一采气厂新疆克拉玛依834000 西南石油大学化学化工学院四川成都610500

针对致密油藏经“水平井+体积压裂”技术改造开发后井间流体发生窜流及致密油采收率偏低的问题,研制了一种高起泡强渗吸纳米驱油剂。以自研双子表面活性剂BD-2、CHSB、LAB为纳米驱油剂的主剂,通过三元相图法得出纳米驱油剂的配方为:25%B... 详细信息

针对致密油藏经“水平井+体积压裂”技术改造开发后井间流体发生窜流及致密油采收率偏低的问题,研制了一种高起泡强渗吸纳米驱油剂。以自研双子表面活性剂BD-2、CHSB、LAB为纳米驱油剂的主剂,通过三元相图法得出纳米驱油剂的配方为:25%BD-2+10%LAB+4.5%CHSB+5%油溶性增效剂+15.5%小分子醇。对纳米驱油剂界面性能、润湿调节性能、渗吸性能、起泡性能、耐温抗盐性能、增容性能、静态洗油性能进行评价,同时研究了驱油剂对岩心中致密油动用情况。结果表明,在2000 mg/L下,纳米驱油剂YYC-2与玛湖原油的界面张力可达6.318×10^(-3)mN/m,可将接触角降低至20.36°,渗吸采出程度达到21.37%;在90℃、10×10^(4)mg/L NaCl和5×10^(3)mg/L CaCl_(2)矿化度下均能达到超低界面水平,最大增容粒径可达593.6 nm,静态洗油效率最大可达80%左右。高压压汞曲线与核磁共振曲线的转换系数C为791 nm/ms,能启动岩心最小孔隙直径为20.0304 nm。

关键词：致密油藏双子表面活性剂渗吸驱油三元相图纳米驱油剂

Patterns of lymph node metastasis are different in colon and rectal carcinomas

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第42期16卷 5375-5379页

作者： Hao Wang Xian-Zhao Wei chuan-Gang fu fu-Ao Cao Rong-Hua Zhao Department of Colorectal Surgery Changhai Hospital Second Military Medical University Shanghai 200433 China Department of Surgery College of Medicine University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon SK S7N0W8Canada

AIM:To describe patterns of lymph node metastasis in invasive colon and rectal ***:Clinical data of 2340 patients with colorectal carcinoma(stageⅠ to Ⅲ) who received radical resection,was retrospectively *** the 2340 patients,1314 patients suffered from rectal carcinoma and 1026 from colon *** with rectal cancer who received neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy were *** analysis was performed using MannWhitney,χ 2 and Cochran's and Mantel-Haenszel tests(SPSS 15.0).A two-tailed P < 0.05 was considered statistically ***:Lymph node retrieval in the rectal carcinoma group was significantly lower than that in the colon carcinoma group(P < 0.001),while positive lymph node retrieval in the rectal carcinoma group was significantly higher than that in the colon carcinoma group(P < 0.001).The proportion of lymph node positive(N+) cases was higher(patients with one or more positive lymph nodes) in the rectal carcinoma group(P = 0.004).The number of N+ cases was compared at different T stages(T1-T4) to eliminate background bias and the results were confirmed(P < 0.001).In addition,the lymph node ratio(the ratio of number of positive lymph nodes over the number of lymph nodes examined) of stage Ⅲ cases in the rectal carcinoma group was significantly higher than that in the colon carcinoma group(P < 0.001).CONCLUSION:Rectal carcinomas seem more prone to metastasize to the lymph nodes than colon carcinomas,which may be of potential clinical significance.

关键词： Lymph node Metastasis Colon Rectum Neoplasms

Could tumor characteristics identified by colonoscopy predict the locally advanced rectal carcinoma？

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Chinese Medical Journal 2010年第17期123卷 2353-2357页

作者： WANG Hao CAO fu-ao GONG Hai-feng ZHENG Jian-ming fu chuan-gang Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery Changhai Hospital of Second Military Medical University Shanghai 200433 China Department of Pathology Changhai Hospital of Second Military Medical University Shanghai 200433 China

Background Neoadjuvant chemoradiation is now considered the standard care for locally advanced rectal carcinoma （T3-4 or/and N1-2 lesions）, but the accuracy of staging examinations including endorectal ultrasonography （ERUS） and MRI is far from excellent. In addition, the above staging equipment or professionals who perform the examinations may not be available in some hospitals, while preoperative colonoscopy and biopsy are usually obtainable in most *** objective of the present study was to investigate the clinical and pathological characteristics of locally advanced rectal carcinoma and identify candidates for neoadjuvant *** This was a retrospective study. Patients who were treated for rectal cancer at Changhai Hospital from January 1999 to July 2008 were identified from our prospectively collected database. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS Software System （version 15.0）. The Mann-Whitney test, chi-square test and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were performed,Results A total of 1005 cases were included in this research, of which 761 cases were identified as locally advanced rectal carcinoma depending on postoperative TNM staging. The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis indicated seven independent risk factors that could be used to predict a locally advanced rectal carcinoma independently： a high grade （including poor differentiation and undifferentiation）（OR： 3.856; 95% CI： 2.064 to 7.204;P=0.000）; large tumor size （OR： 2.455; 95% CI： 1.755 to 3.436; P=0.000）; elevated preoperative serum CEA level （OR：1.823; 95% CI： 1.309 to 2.537; P=0.000）; non-polypoid tumor type （OR： 1.758; 95% CI： 1.273 to 2.427; P=0.001）; the absence of synchronous polyps （OR： 1.602; 95% CI： 1.103 to 2.327; P=0.013）; the absence of blood in stool （OR： 1.659;95% CI： 1.049 to 2.624; P=0.030）; and a greater circumferential tumor extent （OR： 1.813; 95% CI： 1.055 to 3,113;P=0.031）. Based on these findings, a Logistic equation

关键词： risk factors rectal neoplasms predicting model

Light Scattering Microscopy of Surface and Its Computational Simulation

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Chinese Physics Letters 1999年第6期16卷 397-399页

作者： CHENG chuan-fu LIU De-li QI Dong-ping Department of Physics Shandong Normal UniversityJi'nan 250014

The light scattering microscopy is proposed,which reconstructs the height distribution function of a random surface from the speckle intensity of the scattered light *** the computational simulation,we generated the random surfaces of Gaussian correlation and the speckle intensities,and reconstructed the surfaces by Gerchberg-Saxton(G-S)and modified G-S *** simulation proves this microscopy works well.

关键词： wave. speckle random

Evaluation of live attenuated S79 mumps vaccine effectiveness in mumps outbreaks： a matched case-control study

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Chinese Medical Journal 2009年第3期122卷 307-310页

作者： fu chuan-xi NIE Jun LIANG Jian-hua WANG Ming Guangzhou Center of Disease Control and Prevention GuangzhouGuangdong 510080 China

Background Mumps virus infection is a potentially serious viral infection of childhood and early adulthood. In China, live attenuated S79 mumps vaccine has been licensed for pediatric use since 1990. The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of live attenuated S79 mumps vaccine against clinical mumps in outbreaks. Methods Cases were selected from mumps outbreaks in schools in Guangzhou between 2004 and 2005. Each case was matched by gender, age and classroom. Vaccination information was obtained from Children＇s EPI Administrative Computerized System. Vaccine effectiveness （VE） was calculated for 1 or 2 doses of S79 vaccine with 95% confidence intervals （CI）. Results One hundred and ninety-four cases and 194 controls were enrolled into the study. VE of the S79 mumps vaccine for 1 dose versus 0 confer protection 80.4% （95% Cl, 60.0%-90.4%） and VEs against mumps in outbreaks for 1 dose of mumps vaccine are similar among those children aged 4-9 years and aged over 10 years old. Conclusion The live attenuated S79 mumps vaccine can be effective in preventing clinical mumps outbreaks.

关键词： mumps outbreaks case-control studies

Myocardial bridging phenomenon is not invariable:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第29期10卷 10721-10727页

作者： Hao-Hao Li Ming-Wang Liu yang-Fang Zhang Bo-Ce Song Zheng-chuan Zhu fu-Hai Zhao Graduate School of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing 100029China Department of Cardiology Xiyuan HospitalChinese Academy of Chinese Medicine ScienceNational Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine CardiologyBeijing 100091China

BACKGROUND Myocardial bridging is a common anatomical malformation,and the milking effect is a characteristic phenomenon of myocardial bridging in coronary ***,the phenomenon is ***,this article reports an inconceivably rare myocardial bridging phenomenon that breaks through our conventional *** milking effect changed obviously in two coronary angiography examinations,which subverted the traditional deep-rooted view of the myocardial bridging phenomenon and revealed the limitations of coronary angiography in diagnosing myocardial bridging and judging the prognosis of *** SUMMARY A 63-year-old man was diagnosed with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and received primary percutaneous coronary intervention on December 26,*** heart rate was 104 beats per minute,and blood pressure was 15.3/10.3 kPa.A severe milking effect was found in the left anterior descending coronary artery during his index coronary angiography on January 14,*** patient was given intensive medical management,including aβ1-adrenergic receptor blocker,during hospitalization and after ***,coronary angiography showed that the previous impressive milking effect was dramatically alleviated(close to normal)at the follow-up on October 13,*** that moment,the patient’s heart rate was 83 beats per minute,and blood pressure was 12.7/8.0 *** The myocardial bridging phenomenon is not invariable and,in certain circumstances,may ***,the autonomic nervous system may be involved in the myocardial bridging phenomenon.

关键词： Myocardial bridging Milking effect Autonomic nervous system Endocrine system Coronary angiography Case report