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A new perspective on intervertebral disc calcification—from bench to bedside

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Bone Research 2024年第1期12卷 50-61页

作者： Emanuel J.Novais Rajkishen Narayanan Jose A.Canseco koen van de Wetering christopher k.kepler Alan s.Hilibrand Alexander R.Vaccaro Makarand V.Risbud Department of Orthopaedic surgery Sidney Kimmel Medical CollegeThomas Jefferson UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA Unidade Local de saúde do Litoral Alentejano Orthopedic DepartmentSantiago do CacémPortugal Rothman Orthopedic Institute at Thomas Jefferson University PhiladelphiaPAUSA

Disc degeneration primarily contributes to chronic low back and neck ***,there is an urgent need to understand the spectrum of disc degeneration phenotypes such as fibrosis,ectopic calcification,herniation,or mixed *** these phenotypes,disc calcification is the least *** calcification,by definition,is the pathological mineralization of soft tissues,widely studied in the context of conditions that afflict vasculature,skin,and ***,disc calcification is associated with poor surgical outcomes and back pain refractory to conservative *** is frequently seen as a consequence of disc aging and progressive degeneration but exhibits unique molecular and morphological characteristics:hypertrophic chondrocyte-like cell differentiation;TNAP,ENPP1,and ANk upregulation;cell death;altered Pi and PPi homeostasis;and local *** studies in mouse models have provided a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying this *** is essential to recognize that the presentation and nature of mineralization differ between AF,NP,and EP ***,the combination of anatomic location,genetics,and environmental stressors,such as aging or trauma,govern the predisposition to ***,the systemic regulation of calcium and Pi metabolism is less important than the local activity of PPi modulated by the ANk-ENPP1 axis,along with disc cell death and differentiation *** there is limited understanding of this phenotype,understanding the molecular pathways governing local intervertebral disc calcification may lead to developing disease-modifying drugs and better clinical management of degeneration-related pathologies.

关键词： degeneration metabolism intervertebral

EventLFM:event camera integrated Fourier light field microscopy for ultrafast 3D imaging

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Light(science & Applications) 2024年第7期13卷 1401-1415页

作者： Ruipeng Guo Qianwan Yang Andrew s.Chang Guorong Hu Joseph Greene christopher V.Gabel sixian You Lei Tian Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Department of Physiology and Biophysics Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA. Neurophotonics Center Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA. Research Laboratory of Electronics(RLE)in the Department of Electrical science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139USA. Department of Biomedical Engineering Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA

Ultrafast 3D imaging is indispensable for visualizing complex and dynamic biological *** scanning-based techniques necessitate an inherent trade-off between acquisition speed and space-bandwidth product(sBP).Emerging single-shot 3D wide-field techniques offer a promising alternative but are bottlenecked by the synchronous readout constraints of conventional CMOs systems,thus restricting data throughput to maintain high sBP at limited frame *** address this,we introduce EventLFM,a straightforward and cost-effective system that overcomes these challenges by integrating an event camera with Fourier light field microscopy(LFM),a state-of-theart single-shot 3D wide-field imaging *** event camera operates on a novel asynchronous readout architecture,thereby bypassing the frame rate limitations inherent to conventional CMOs *** further develop a simple and robust event-driven LFM reconstruction algorithm that can reliably reconstruct 3D dynamics from the unique spatiotemporal measurements captured by *** results demonstrate that EventLFM can robustly reconstruct fast-moving and rapidly blinking 3D fluorescent samples at kHz frame ***,we highlight EventLFM’s capability for imaging of blinking neuronal signals in scattering mouse brain tissues and 3D tracking of GFP-labeled neurons in freely moving *** believe that the combined ultrafast speed and large 3D sBP offered by EventLFM may open up new possibilities across many biomedical applications.

关键词： field linking overcome

IgE-Mast cell mediated allergy: a sensor of food quality

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signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第1期9卷 8-9页

作者： christopher C.Udoye Rudolf A.Manz Institute for systemic Inflammation Research University of LübeckLübeckGermany

In two recent studies published in Nature,Florsheim et *** Plum et *** that allergic-specific reactions induced by immunoglobulin(Ig)E mediated mast cell activation is crucial for the timely induction of antigen-avoidance behaviour.1,2 These studies prove the concept that allergic sensitization triggers the formation of avoidance behaviour and define the underlying molecular mechanism.

关键词： allergic mechanism

safety and efficiency of Wharton’s Jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cell administration in patients with traumatic brain injury:First results of a phase I study

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World Journal of stem Cells 2024年第6期16卷 641-655页

作者： serdar kabatas ErdinçCivelek Osman Boyalı Gülseli Berivan sezen Omer Ozdemir Yeliz Bahar-Ozdemir Necati kaplan eyüp Can savrunlu Erdal karaöz Department of Neurosurgery University of Health Sciences TurkeyGaziosmanpaşa Training and Research HospitalIstanbul 34360Türkiye Center for stem Cell&Gene Therapy Research and Practice University of Health Sciences TurkeyIstanbul 34255Türkiye Department of Neurosurgery University of Health SciencesGaziosmanpaşa Training and Research HospitalIstanbul 34255Türkiye Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Health Sciences University Sultan Abdulhamid Han Training and Research HospitalIstanbul 34668Türkiye Department of Neurosurgery Istanbul Rumeli UniversityÇorlu Reyap HospitalTekirdağ59860Türkiye Department of Neurosurgery Nevşehir State HospitalNevşehir 50300Türkiye Center for Regenerative Medicine and stem Cell Research&Manufacturing(LivMedCell) Liv HospitalIstanbul 34340Türkiye Department of Histology and Embryology Istinye UniversityFaculty of MedicineIstanbul 34010Türkiye Center for stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research and Practice Istinye UniversityIstanbul 34340Türkiye

BACkGROUND Traumatic brain injury(TBI)is characterized by a disruption in the normal function of the brain due to an injury following a trauma,which can potentially cause severe physical,cognitive,and emotional *** cell transplantation has evolved as a novel treatment modality in the management of TBI,as it has the potential to arrest the degeneration and promote regeneration of new cells in the ***’s Jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells(WJ-MsCs)have recently shown beneficial effects in the functional recovery of neurological *** To evaluate the safety and efficiency of MsC therapy in *** We present 6 patients,4 male and 2 female aged between 21 and 27 years who suffered a *** 6 patients underwent 6 doses of intrathecal,intramuscular(i.m.)and intravenous transplantation of WJ-MsCs at a target dose of 1×106/kg for each application *** was assessed using the Modified Ashworth scale(MAs),motor function according to the Medical Research Council Muscle strength scale,quality of life was assessed by the Functional Independence Measure(FIM)scale and karnofsky Performance status *** Our patients showed only early,transient complications,such as subfebrile fever,mild headache,and muscle pain due to ***,which resolved within 24 *** the one year follow-up,no other safety issues or adverse events were *** 6 patients showed improvements in their cognitive abilities,muscle spasticity,muscle strength,performance scores and fine motor skills when compared before and after the *** values,which we used to assess spasticity,were observed to statistically significantly decrease for both left and right sides(Pscale includes both motor scores(Pscores(Pshowed a significant increase in pretest posttest *** difference observed in the participants’karnofsky Performance scale values pre and post the intervention was statistically si

关键词： Traumatic brain injury Wharton Jelly stem cell therapy Transplantation Mesenchymal stem cell

Allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells may be a viable treatment modality in cerebral palsy

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第9期12卷 1585-1596页

作者： Osman Boyalı serdar kabatas ErdinçCivelek Omer Ozdemir Yeliz Bahar-Ozdemir Necati kaplan eyüp Can savrunlu Erdal karaöz Department of Neurosurgery University of Health Sciences TurkeyGaziosmanpaşa Training and Research HospitalIstanbul 34360Turkey Center for stem Cell&Gene Therapy Research and Practice University of Health Sciences TurkeyIstanbul 34360Turkey Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Health Sciences University Sultan Abdulhamid Han Training and Research HospitalIstanbul 34668Turkey Department of Neurosurgery Istanbul Rumeli UniversityÇorlu Reyap HospitalTekirdağ59860Turkey Department of Neurosurgery Nevşehir State HospitalNevşehir 50300Turkey Center for Regenerative Medicine and stem Cell Research&Manufacturing(LivMedCell) Liv HospitalIstanbul 34340Turkey Department of Histology and Embryology Istinye UniversityFaculty of Medicineİstanbul 34010Turkey Center for stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Research and Practice Istinye UniversityIstanbul 34340Turkey

BACkGROUND Cerebral palsy(CP)describes a group of disorders affecting movement,balance,and *** in motor functions constitute the main body of CP *** symptoms surface in early childhood and patients are affected for the rest of their ***,treatment involves various pharmacotherapies for different types of CP,including antiepileptics for epilepsy and Botox A for focal ***,none of these methods can provide full symptom *** has prompted researchers to look for new treatment modalities,one of which is mesenchymal stem cell therapy(MsCT).Despite being a promising tool and offering a wide array of possibilities,mesenchymal stem cells(MsCs)still need to be investigated for their efficacy and *** To analyze the efficacy and safety of MsCT in CP *** Our sample consists of four CP patients who cannot stand or walk without external *** of these cases received allogeneic MsCT six times as 1×106/kg intrathecally,intravenously,and intramuscularly using umbilical cord-derived MsCs(UC-MsC).We monitored and assessed the patients pre-and post-treatment using the Wee Functional Independence Measure(WeeFIM),Gross Motor Function Classification system(GMFCs),and Manual Ability Classification scale(MACs)*** utilized the Modified Ashworth scale(MAs)to measure *** We found significant improvements in MAs scores after the intervention on both *** months:Rightχ^(2)=4000,P=0.046,leftχ^(2)=4000,P=0.046;four months:Rightχ^(2)=4000,P=0.046,leftχ^(2)=4000,P=0.046;12 months:Rightχ^(2)=4000,P=0.046,leftχ^(2)=4000,P=***,there was no significant difference in motor functions based on WeeFIM results(P>0.05).GMFCs and MACs scores differed significantly at 12 months after the intervention(P=0.046,P=0.046).Finally,there was no significant change in cognitive functions(P>0.05).CONCLUsION In light of our findings,we believe that UC-MsC therapy has a positive effect on spasticity

关键词： Cerebral palsy Mesenchymal stem cell Transplantation Wharton’s jelly Muscle spasticity

Comparison of ERA5 turbulent fluxes at the air-sea interface with measurements from a wave-following platform

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Atmospheric and Oceanic science Letters 2024年第3期17卷 32-36页

作者： said Benjeddou Denis Bourras christopher Luneau Aix Marseille Universite National Center for Scientific ResearchMediterranean Institute of OceanographyMarseilleFrance Observatory of the sciences of the Universe Pytheas Institute National Center for Scientific ResearchMarseilleFrance

Turbulent fluxes at the air-sea interface were estimated with data collected in 2011-2020 with a low-profile platform named OCARINA during eight experiments in five regions:2011,2015,and 2016 in the Iroise sea;2012 in the tropical Atlantic;2014 in the Chilie-Peru upwelling;2017 and 2018 in the Mediterranean sea,and 2018 and 2020 in *** observations were carried out with moderate winds(2-10 m s^(-1))and average wave heights of 1.5 *** this study,the authors used the fluxes calculated by the bulk method using OCARINA-sampled data as the *** data can validate the fluxes estimated from ERAs reanalysis *** OCARINA and ERA5 data were taken *** do this,the authors established an algorithm to extract the OCARINA data as closely as possible to the reanalysis data in time and *** measurements of the OCARINA platform can conclude on the relevance of the widely used reanalysis data.

关键词： Ocarina ECMWF ERA5 Turbulent fluxes Louis formulation

Insight into endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria contacts in human amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1407-1408页

作者： Naomi Hartopp Andrea Markovinovic christopher CJ Miller Patricia Gomez-suaga sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience University of SheffieldSheffieldUK Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience Institute of PsychiatryPsychology and NeuroscienceLondonUK Universidad de Extremadura.Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética Facultad de Enfermería y Terapia OcupacionalCáceresSpain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas-Instituto de salud Carlos Ⅲ(CIBER-CIBERNED-IsCⅢ) MadridSpain Instituto Universitario de Investigación Biosanitaria de Extremadura(INUBE) CáceresSpain

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALs) is a fastprogressing fatal neurodegenerative disease and the most common form of motor neuron *** is currently no cure and approximately 90% of cases are *** shares genetic causes,clinical and neuropathological features with frontotemporal dementia,the second most common form of presenile *** and frontotemporal dementia are therefore considered a disease spectrum(Abramzon et al.,2020).

关键词： senile sclerosis

A Review of state-of-the-art Flexible Power Point Tracking Algorithms in Photovoltaic systems for Grid support:Classification and Application

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Journal of Modern Power systems and Clean Energy 2024年第1期12卷 1-21页

作者： Mina Haghighat Mehdi Niroomand Hossein Dehghani Tafti christopher D.Townsend Tyrone Fernando the Department of Electrical Engineering University of IsfahanIsfahanIran the Department of Electrical Electronic and Computer EngineeringUniversity of Western AustraliaCrawley WA 6009Australia

To maximize conversion efficiency,photovoltaic(PV)systems generally operate in the maximum power point tracking(MPPT)***,due to the increasing penetra tion level of PV systems,there is a need for more developed control functions in terms of frequency support services and voltage control to maintain the reliability and stability of the power ***,flexible active power control is a manda tory task for grid-connected PV systems to meet part of the grid ***,a significant number of flexible pow er point tracking(FPPT)algorithms have been introduced in the existing *** purpose of such algorithms is to real ize a cost-effective method to provide grid support functional ities while minimizing the reliance on energy storage *** paper provides a comprehensive overview of grid support functionalities that can be obtained with the FPPT control of PV systems such as frequency support and volt-var *** of these grid support functionalities necessitates PV sys tems to operate under one of the three control strategies,which can be provided with FPPT *** three control strate gies are classified as:①constant power generation control(CP GC),②power reserve control(PRC),and③power ramp rate control(PRRC).A detailed discussion on available FPPT algo rithms for each control strategy is also *** paper can serve as a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art FPPT algorithms that can equip PV systems with various grid support functionalities.

关键词： Maximum power point tracking(MPPT) flexi ble power point tracking(FPPT) power reserve control(PRC) power ramp rate control(PRRC) low voltage ride-through(LVRT) constant power generation(CPG)

A framework for dynamic modelling of railway track switches considering the switch blades,actuators and control systems

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Railway Engineering science 2024年第2期32卷 162-176页

作者： saikat Dutta Tim Harrison christopher Ward Roger Dixon Phil Winship Institute of Thermofluids School of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of LeedsLeedsWest YorkshireUK Wolfson school of Mechanical Electrical and Manufacturing EngineeringLoughborough UniversityLoughboroughLeicestershireUK Birmingham Centre for Railway Research and Education School of EngineeringUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamWest MidlandsUK Network Rail Milton KeynesBuckinghamshireUK

The main contribution of this paper is the development and demonstration of a novel methodology that can be followed to develop a simulation twin of a railway track switch system to test the functionality in a digital *** is important because,globally,railway track switches are used to allow trains to change routes;they are a key part of all railway ***,because track switches are single points of failure and safety-critical,their inability to operate correctly can cause significant delays and concomitant *** order to better understand the dynamic behaviour of switches during operation,this paper has developed a full simulation twin of a complete track switch *** approach fuses finite element for the rail bending and motion,with physics-based models of the electromechanical actuator system and the control ***,it provides researchers and engineers the opportunity to explore and understand the design space around the dynamic operation of new switches and switch machines before they are *** is useful for looking at the modification or monitoring of existing switches,and it becomes even more important when new switch concepts are being considered and *** simulation is capable of running in real time or faster meaning designs can be iterated and checked *** paper describes the modelling approach,demonstrates the methodology by developing the system model for a novel“REPOINT”switch system,and evaluates the system level performance against the dynamic performance requirements for the *** the context of that case study,it is found that the proposed new actuation system as designed can meet(and exceed)the system performance requirements,and that the fault tolerance built into the actuation ensures continued operation after a single actuator failure.

关键词： Railway track switch Mathematical modelling Redundant actuation Finite element analysis