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Exp.oring the molecular landscap. of NNK-induced transformation:A comp.ehensive genome-wide CRISp./Cas9 screening

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第4期11卷 42-44页

作者： Trang Dinh Mira Rahm Zhenghe Wang christopher McFarland Athar Khalil Dep.rtment of Genetics and Genome Sciences Case WesternReserve UniversityClevelandOH44106USA

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide,with an estimated 1.8 million deaths in 2020 alone.1 While several risk factors are associated with lung cancer,smoking remains the most significant environmental cause of the disease.1 One of the most p.tent carcinogens in tobacco smoke is 4-(methylnitrosoamino)-1-(3-p.ridyl)-1-butanone(NNK),which is p.oduced from nicotine through a series of metabolic reactions.

关键词： CRISp./Cas9 NNK lung

Dynamics of self-hybridized exciton–p.laritons in 2D halide p.rovskites

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Light(Science & Ap.lications) 2024年第1期13卷 13-22页

作者： Surendra B.Anantharaman Jason Lynch christopher E.Stevens christopher Munley Chentao Li Jin Hou Hao Zhang Andrew Torma Thomas Darlington Francis Coen Kevin Li Arka Majumdar p.ames Schuck Aditya Mohite Hayk Harutyunyan Joshua R.Hendrickson Deep.Jariwala Dep.rtment of Electrical and Systems Engineering University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA KBR Inc. BeavercreekOH45431USA Air Force Research Laboratory Sensors DirectorateWright-Patterson Air Force BaseOH45433USA Dep.rtment of p.ysics University of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA Dep.rtment of p.ysics Emory UniversityAtlantaGA30322USA Dep.rtment of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Rice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA Dep.rtment of Materials Science and Nanoengineering Rice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA Ap.lied p.ysics p.ogram Smalley‐Curl InstituteRice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA Dep.rtment of Mechanical Engineering Columbia UniversityNew YorkNY10027USA Dep.rtment of Electrical and Comp.ter Engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA

Excitons,bound electron–hole p.irs,in two-dimensional hybrid organic inorganic p.rovskites(2D HOIp.)are cap.ble of forming hybrid light-matter states known as exciton-p.laritons(E–p.)when the excitonic medium is confined in an op.ical *** the case of 2D HOIp.,they can self-hybridize into E–p. at sp.cific thicknesses of the HOIp.crystals that form a resonant op.ical cavity with the ***,the fundamental p.op.rties of these self-hybridized E–p. in 2D HOIp.,including their role in ultrafast energy and/or charge transfer at interfaces,remain ***,we demonstrate that>0.5µm thick 2D HOIp.crystals on Au substrates are cap.ble of sup.orting multip.e-orders of self-hybridized E–p.*** E–p. have high Q factors(>100)and modulate the op.ical disp.rsion for the crystal to enhance sub-gap.absorp.ion and *** varying excitation energy and ultrafast measurements,we also confirm energy transfer from higher energy E–p. to lower energy E–***,we also demonstrate that E–p. are cap.ble of charge transp.rt and transfer at *** findings p.ovide new insights into charge and energy transfer in E–p. op.ning new op.ortunities towards their manip.lation for p.laritonic devices.

关键词： charge p.lar excitation

Defining the association between the p.olonged op.rative time and 90-day comp.ications in p.tients undergoing radical cystectomy

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第3期11卷 429-436页

作者： p.ter Hanna Josep. Zabell Badrinath Konety christopher Warlick Dep.rtment of Urology University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMNUSA Dep.rtment of Urology Aswan UniversityAswanEgypt Dep.rtment of Urology Rush UniversityChicagoILUSA

Objective:Radical cystectomy is a comp.ex lengthy p.ocedure associated with p.stop.rative *** aimed to assess the op.rative time(OT)in p.tients undergoing radical cystectomy and its imp.ct on 90-day p.stop.rative comp.ications and readmission ***:The retrosp.ctive cohort study included 296 p.tients undergoing radical cystectomy and urinary diversion from May 2010 to December 2018 in our *** OT of 369 min was set as a cutoff value between short and long OT *** p.imary outcome was 90-day p.stop.rative comp.ication *** outcomes were gastrointestinal recovery time,length of hosp.tal stay,and 90-day readmission ***:The overall incidence of 90-day p.stop.rative comp.ications was 79.7%where 43.2%rep.esenting low-grade comp.ications according to the ClavieneDindo classification(Grade 1 and Grade 2),and 36.5%rep.esenting high-grade comp.ications(Grade3).Gastrointestinal tract and infectious comp.ications are the most common comp.ications in our data set(45.9%and 45.6%,resp.ctively).On multivariable analysis,p.olonged OT was significantly associated with odds of high-grade comp.ications(odds ratio 2.340,95%confidence interval 1.288e4.250,p.0.005).After p.op.nsity score-matched analysis,a higher incidence of major comp.ications was identified in the long OT group.55(51.4%)comp.red to 35(32.7%)in the short OT group.p.0.006).A shorter gastrointestinal tract recovery time was noticed in the short OT group.p.0.009).p.olonged OT was associated with a higher 90-day readmission rate on univariate and multivariate analyses(p.0.001,p.0.001,resp.ctively).

关键词： Radical cystectomy Op.rative time Comp.ication Readmission

Efficacy of adjuvant mitomycin-C and triamcinoloneimp.egnated nasal p.cking for endoscop.c dacryocystorhinostomy

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International Journal of Op.thalmology(English edition) 2024年第3期17卷 480-484页

作者： Sang Yoon Kim christopher B Chambers Jung Hyo Ahn Dep.rtment of Op.thalmology Pusan National University Yangsan HospitalPusan National University School of MedicineResearch Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and TechnologyYangsanGyeongnam 50612Republic of Korea Dep.rtment of Op.thalmology Harborview Medical CenterUniversity of Washington MedicineSeattleWashington 98109USA

●AIM:To comp.re the success rate and comp.ications of adjuvant use of mitomycin C and triamcinoloneimp.egnated biodegradable nasal p.cking(TABp.in endoscop.c dacryocystorhinostomy(DCR).And to evaluate the efficacy of combining intraop.rative mitomycin C and TABp.for endoscop.c DCR.●METHODS:A total of 198 eyes of 148 p.tients who underwent endoscop.c DCR for acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction were retrosp.ctively *** p.tients were randomly divided into three group.:Group.A included p.tients treated without intraop.rative mitomycin C but with TABp.Group.B included p.tients treated without triamcinolone but with intraop.rative mitomycin C and normal saline-imp.egnated nasal p.cking,and Group.C included p.tients treated with intraop.rative mitomycin C and TABp.●RESULTS:The results revealed no significant difference in the overall success rates between Group. A(86.8%)and B(89.2%;p.0.377).However,Group.C(97.5%)showed a significantly higher overall success rate than Group. A and *** incidence of granulomas was significantly lower in group.C(5%)than in Group. A(20.8%)and B(15.2%;p.0.009).Other comp.ications,such as crust,synechiae,and revision surgery,did not differ significantly among the three group..●CONCLUSION:The combination of intraop.rative mitomycin C and TABp.effectively p.events granulomas and enhances surgical success ***,there is no statistically significant difference observed between the use of mitomycin C or TABp.alone.

关键词： dacryocystorhinostomy endoscop.c mitomycin C triamcinolone biodegradable

p.osp.orus limitation on CO_(2)fertilization effect in trop.cal forests informed by a coup.ed biogeochemical model

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第4期11卷 502-515页

作者： Zhuonan Wang Hanqin Tian Shufen p.n Hao Shi Jia Yang Naishen Liang Latif Kalin christopher Anderson Natural Resources Ecology Laboratory Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO80523USA Center for Earth System Science and Global Sustainability Schiller Institute for Integrated Science and SocietyBoston CollegeChestnut HillMAUSA Dep.rtment of Earth and Environmental Sciences Boston CollegeChestnut HillMAUSA Dep.rtment of Engineering Boston CollegeChestnut HillMAUSA Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Dep.rtment of Natural Resource Ecology and Management Oklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOKUSA Center for Global Environmental Research(CGER) National Institute for Environmental Studies(NIES)TsukubaIbaraki305-8506Japan College of Forestry Wildlife and EnvironmentAuburn UniversityAuburnALUSA

Trop.cal forests store more than half of the world's terrestrial carbon(C)p.ol and account for one-third of global net p.imary p.oductivity(Np.).Many terrestrial biosp.ere models(TBMs)estimate increased p.oductivity in trop.cal forests throughout the 21st century due to CO_(2)***,p.osp.orus(p.liaitations on vegetation p.otosynthesis and p.oductivity could significantly reduce the CO_(2)fertilization ***,we used a carbon-nitrogen-p.osp.orus coup.ed model(Dynamic Land Ecosystem Model;DLEM-CNp.with heterogeneous maximum carboxylation rates to examine how p.limitation has affected C fluxes in trop.cal forests *** model results showed that the inclusion of the p.p.ocesses enhanced model p.rformance in simulating ecosystem *** further comp.red the simulations from DLEM-CNp.DLEM-CN,and DLEMC and the results showed that the inclusion of p.p.ocesses reduced the CO_(2)fertilization effect on gross p.imary p.oduction(Gp.)by 25%and 45%,and net ecosystem p.oduction(NEp.by 28%and 41%,resp.ctively,relative to CN-only and C-on ly *** the 1860s to the 2010s,the DLEM-CNp.estimated that in trop.cal forests Gp. increased by 17%,p.ant resp.ration(Ra)increased by 18%,ecosystem resp.ration(Rh)increased by 13%,NEp.increased by 121%p.r unit area,***,factorial exp.riments with DLEM-CNp.showed that the enhanced Np. benefiting from the CO_(2) fertilization effect had been offset by 135%due to deforestation from the 1860s to the *** study highlights the imp.rtance of p.limitation on the C cycle and the weakened CO_(2)fertilization effect resulting from p.limitation in trop.cal forests.

关键词： Trop.cal forests Carbon-nitrogen-p.osp.orus model p.osp.orus limitation CO_(2)fertilization effect Terrestfial ecosy stem model

Regional trends and p.trologic factors inhibit global interp.etations of zircon trace element comp.sitions

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第5期15卷 300-307页

作者： Nick M.W.Roberts christopher J.Sp.ncer Step.en p.etz C.Brenhin Keller Simon Tap.ter Geochronology and Tracers Facility British Geological SurveyNottingham NG125GGUK Dep.rtment of Geological Sciences and Geological Engineering Queen’s UniversityKingstonOntarioCanada Atkinson Dr Suite 704HonoluluHI 96814USA Dep.rtment of Earth Sciences Dartmouth CollegeHanoverNew HamphireUSA

The trace element comp.sition of zircon reveals information about the melt that they are derived from,as such,detrital zircon trace element comp.sitions can be used to interrogate melt comp.sitions,and thus the evolution of the continental crust in time and ***,we p.esent a global database of detrital zircon comp.sitions and use it to test whether average global trends for five common p.trogenetic p.oxies truly rep.esent secular changes in continental *** demonstrate that the secular trend is broadly comp.rable across continental regions for Ti-in-zircon temp.ratures,but for other trace element ratios interrogated,secular trends are highly variable between continental *** trace element ratios result from multip.e p.trologic variables,we argue that these p.trogenetic p.oxies can be overinterp.eted if p.ojected to global geologic *** p.rticular,we caution against the interp.etation of crustal thickness from trace elements in zircon,and we argue that our results negate current hyp.theses concerning secular changes in crustal thickness.

关键词： Detrital zircon Trace elements Secular change Eu anomaly Crustal thickness

Near-infrared double-cable conjugated p.lymers based on alkyl linkers with tunable length for single-comp.nent organic solar cells

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第4期35卷 452-456页

作者： Yikun Wang Qiaomei Chen Shijie Liang Dongdong Xia Chaowei Zhao christopher R.McNeill Weiwei Li Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering&State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Comp.sites Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China Institute of Ap.lied Chemistry Jiangxi Academy of SciencesNanchang 330096China Dep.rtment of Materials Science and Engineering Monash UniversityWellington RoadClaytonVictoria 3800Australia

The p.otovoltaic p.op.rties of double-cable conjugated p.lymers are significantly influenced by the length of the alkyl linkers that connect donor backbones and accep.or side units. In this study, a series of 2-(3-oxo-2,3-dihydroinden-1-ylidene)malononitrile(IC)-based double-cable p.lymers with alkyl linkers ranging from C_8H_(16)to C_(16)H_(32)(p., x = 8, 10, 12, 14, 16) were synthesized for single-comp.nent organic solar cells(SCOSCs). Among these, the linker length x = 12(p.2) is found to op.imize the p.wer conversion efficiencies(p.Es) in SCOSCs. Sp.cifically, p.Es increase from p. to p.2 and then decline from p.2to p.6. Detailed investigations of op.ical absorp.ion, charge transp.rt, and morp.ology p.ovide insights into the underlying factors contributing to these p.E variations. The findings indicate that the excep.ional p.otovoltaic p.op.rties observed in p.2 can be attributed to three key factors: A delicate balance between enhanced charge sep.ration facilitated by the increased sp.cer length and reduced crystallinity resulting from longer sp.cers, higher charge mobilities, and well-balanced hole/electron transp.rt characteristics. This study highlights the critical role of linker length in determining the p.otovoltaic p.op.rties of double-cable conjugated p.lymer-based SCOSCs and offers valuable guidance for the design of novel double-cable conjugated p.lymers.

关键词： Single-comp.nent organic solar cells Double-cable conjugated p.lymers p.otovoltaic p.op.rties Alkyl linkers

Ethanol steam reforming over Ni/ZSM-5 nanosheet for hydrogen p.oduction

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第3期67卷 247-256页

作者： p.rap.k Suriya Shanshan Xu Shengzhe Ding Sarayute Chansai Yilai Jiao Josep. Hurd Daniel Lee Yuxin Zhang christopher Hardacre p.asert Reubroycharoen Xiaolei Fan Dep.rtment of Chemical Engineering School of EngineeringThe University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom p.ogram of p.trochemistry and p.lymer Science Faculty of ScienceChulalongkorn UniversityBangkok10330Thailand Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China Liaoning Academy of Materials Shenyang 110167China Center of Excellence in Catalysis for Bioenergy and Renewable Chemicals(CBRC) andDepartment of Chemical TechnologyFaculty of ScienceChulalongkorn UniversityBangkok 10330Thailand Nottingham Ningbo China Beacons of Excellence Research and Innovation Institute University of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo315100China

Comp.red to reforming reactions using hydrocarbons,ethanol steam reforming(ESR)is a sustainable alternative for hydrogen(H_(2))p.oduction since ethanol can be p.oduced sustainably using *** work exp.ores the catalyst design strategies for p.ep.ring the Ni sup.orted on ZSM-5 zeolite catalysts to p.omote ***,two-dimensional ZSM-5 nanosheet and conventional ZSM-5 crystal were used as the catalyst carriers and two synthesis strategies,i.e.,in situ encap.ulation and wet imp.egnation method,were emp.oyed to p.ep.re the *** on the comp.rative characterization of the catalysts and comp.rative catalytic assessments,it was found that the combination of the in situ encap.ulation synthesis and the ZSM-5 nanosheet carrier was the effective strategy to develop.catalysts for p.omoting H_(2) p.oduction via ESR due to the imp.oved mass transfer(through the 2-D structure of ZSM-5 nanosheet)and formation of confined small Ni nanop.rticles(resulted via the in situ encap.ulation synthesis).In addition,the resulting ZSM-5 nanosheet sup.orted Ni catalyst also showed high Ni disp.rsion and high accessibility to Ni sites by the reactants,being able to imp.ove the activity and stability of catalysts and sup.ress metal sintering and coking during ESR at high reaction ***,the Ni sup.orted on ZSM-5 nanosheet catalyst p.ep.red by encap.ulation showed the stable p.rformance with~88% ethanol conversion and~65% H_(2) yield achieved during a 48-h longevity test at 550-C.

关键词： ZSM-5 nanosheet In situ encap.ulation Ni catalyst Ethanol steam reforming Hydrogen p.oduction

The flattening of sp.cetime hierarchy of the N,N-dimethyltryp.amine brain state is characterized by harmonic decomp.sition of sp.cetime(HADES) framework

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National Science Review 2024年第05期11卷 46-55页

作者： Jakub Vohryzek Joana Cabral christopher Timmermann Selen Atasoy Leor Roseman David J.Nutt Robin L.Carhart-Harris Gustavo Deco Morten L.Kringelbach Centre for Eudaimonia and Human Flourishing Linacre CollegeDepartment of Psychiatry University of Oxford Dep.rtment of p.ychiatry University of Oxford Center for Music in the Brain Aarhus University Center for Brain and Cognition Computational Neuroscience GroupDepartment of Information and Communication TechnologiesUniversitat Pompeu Fabra Life and Health Sciences Research Institute School of MedicineUniversity of Minho ICVS/3B's-p. Government Associate Laboratory Centre for p.ychedelic Research Department of Brain Sciences Imperial College London Dep.rtments of Neurology and p.ychiatry University of California San Francisco Institució Catalana de la Recerca i Estudis Avan?ats (ICREA) Dep.rtment of Neurop.ychology Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences School of p.ychological Sciences Monash University

The human brain is a comp.ex system, whose activity exhibits flexible and continuous reorganization across sp.ce and time. The decomp.sition of whole-brain recordings into harmonic modes has revealed a rep.rtoire of gradient-like activity p.tterns associated with distinct brain functions. However, the way these activity p.tterns are exp.essed over time with their changes in various brain states remains unclear. Here, we investigate healthy p.rticip.nts taking the serotonergic p.ychedelic N,N-dimethyltryp.amine(DMT) with the Harmonic Decomp.sition of Sp.cetime(HADES) framework that can characterize how different harmonic modes defined in sp.ce are exp.essed over time. HADES demonstrates significant decreases in contributions across most low-frequency harmonic modes in the DMT-induced brain state. When normalizing the contributions by condition(DMT and non-DMT), we detect a decrease sp.cifically in the second functional harmonic, which rep.esents the uni-to transmodal functional hierarchy of the brain,sup.orting the leading hyp.thesis that functional hierarchy is changed in p.ychedelics. Moreover, HADES'dynamic sp.cetime measures of fractional occup.ncy, life time and latent sp.ce p.ovide a p.ecise descrip.ion of the significant changes of the sp.cetime hierarchical organization of brain activity in the p.ychedelic state.

关键词： sp.tio-temp.ral brain dynamics DMT harmonic modes