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Long-term effects of gestational diabetes mellitus on the pancreas of female mouse offspring

World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第4期15卷 758-768页

作者： Enriqueta Muñoz-Islas Edgar David Santiago-SanMartin Eduardo Mendoza-Sánchez Héctor Fabián Torres-Rodríguez Laura Yanneth Ramírez-Quintanilla christopher michael peters Juan Miguel Jiménez-Andrade Unidad Académica Multidisciplinaria Reynosa-Aztlán Universidad Autónoma de TamaulipasReynosa 88740TamaulipasMexico Department of Anesthesiology Wake Forest University School of MedicineWinston SalemNC 27101United States

BACKGROUND Prolonged fetal exposure to hyperglycemia may increase the risk of developing abnormal glucose metabolism and type-2 diabetes during childhood,adolescence,and adulthood;however,the mechanisms by which gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)predisposes offspring to metabolic disorders remain *** To quantify the nerve axons,macrophages,and vasculature in the pancreas from adult offspring born from mouse dams with *** GDM was induced by *** of streptozotocin(STZ)in ICR mouse *** 12 wk old,fasting blood glucose levels were determined in *** 15 wk old,female offspring born from dams with and without GDM were sacrificed and pancreata were processed for *** quantified the density of sensory[calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP)]and tyrosine hydroxylase(TH)axons,blood vessels(endomucin),and macro-phages(CD68)in the splenic pancreas using confocal *** Offspring mice born from STZ-treated dams had similar body weight and blood glucose values compared to offspring born from vehicle-treated ***,the density of CGRP+and TH+axons,endomucin+blood vessels,and CD68+macrophages in the exocrine pancreas was significantly greater in offspring from mothers with GDM vs control ***,the microvasculature in the islets was significantly greater,but not the number of macrophages within the islets of offspring born from dams with GDM compared to control *** GDM induces neuronal,vascular,and inflammatory changes in the pancreas of adult progeny,which may partially explain the higher propensity for offspring of mothers with GDM to develop metabolic diseases.

关键词： Gestational diabetes mellitus Immunohistochemistry Confocal microscopy Pancreas Offspring

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Characteristics of the Chinese subjects entered the Hypertension in the Very Elderly Trial

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Chinese Medical Journal 2008年第16期121卷 1509-1512页

作者： LIU Li-sheng WANG Ji-guang MA Shu-ping WANG Wen LU Fang-hong ZHANG Liang-qing Winston Banya Ruth peters Nigel Beckett Astrid Fletcher christopher J. Bulpitt Beijing Hypertension League Institute Beijing 100039 China Centre for Epidemiological Studies and Clinical Trials Ruijin Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai 200025 China Department of Cardiology Hebei Provincial Hospital Shijiazhuang Hebei 050051 China National Centre for Cardiovascular Disease Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing 100037 China Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences Jinan Shandong 050051 China Shanxi Cardiovascular Institute Taiyuan Shanxi 030001 China Care of the Elderly Hammersmith Hospital Imperial College London UK

Background The baseline characteristics of patients in a multinational trial are possibly related to cardiovascular outcome. This study compared the baseline characteristics of patients recruited in China with those recruited in other countries. Methods A total of 508 Chinese hypertensive men and 728 women over the age of 80 years who entered the Hypertension in the Very Elderly Trial （HYVET） were compared with those in 860 men and 1348 women who entered the trial in other countries. Results The Chinese subjects were slightly younger, had less previous hypertension but more previous strokes than the subjects from other countries. The Chinese subjects smoked more than those from other countries, but drank less alcohol. They had less previous episodes of myocardial infarction and were, on average, lighter and shorter. The Chinese had lower mean concentrations of blood urea, uric acid and creatinine as well as higher concentrations of high density lipoprotein （HDL） cholesterol. The concentration of total cholesterol was, on average, lower in the Chinese subjects as was blood glucose. The levels of serum sodium and potassium, blood hematocrit and hemoglobin were all, on average, lower in the Chinese subjects. Conclusions Calorie restriction, compared with the rest of the world, may have resulted in lower stature and weight, and recent increases in calorie intake have not changed the metabolic profile of the very elderly hypertensive patients in China. Some of these biochemical differences may reflect different dietary lifestyle in the Chinese.

关键词： elderly epidemiology hypertension China

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Potential of Sorghum as an Alternative to Corn Forage

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2016年第7期7卷 1106-1121页

作者： Girma Getachew Daniel H. Putnam christopher M. De Ben Edward J. De peters Department of Plant Sciences University of California Davis CA USA Department of Animal Science University of California Davis CA USA

Climate change, which is currently characterized by increased atmospheric CO2, rising temperature, and altered pattern of precipitation, is affecting agricultural productivity. Rising temperatures and shifting precipitation patterns will alter the ability to meet crop water requirements, water availability, crop productivity, and costs of water access across the agricultural landscape. Searching for alternative crops with lower water requirements increased yield or organic matter per unit of water are important for agricultural sustainability. Sorghum is one of the world’s important crops;a crop that is adapted to a variety of agronomic and environmental conditions, particularly to areas with low rainfall or limited access of irrigation water. Forage Sorghum is able to produce comparable yield to corn suggesting that there is a potential for Sorghum to replace corn in areas where water supply is limited. But, there is a cost since corn silage, because of its high grain content, which is typically superior in digestible energy content to Sorghum forages. There is also a lack of information on the feeding value of Sorghum silages in high producing dairy cows as well as strategies that may be used for sorghum silage to replace a portion of the corn silage in dairy cattle diets.

关键词： Sorghum Climate Change Drought Tolerance Salinity

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Feedbacks of terrestrial ecosystems to climate change

Feedbacks of terrestrial ecosystems to climate change

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第三世界生态高峰会

作者： Field christopher B. Lobell David B Chiariello Nona R peters Halton A Carnegie Institution.Department of Global Ecology USA. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.Energy and Environment Directorate.USA. Stanford University Jasper Ridge Biological Preserve USA

Many of the responses of terrestrial ecosystems to climate change also influence climate,in an important feedback *** effects on climate can occur not only through changes in carbon stor

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Active tracking of rejected dried blood samples in a large program in Nigeria

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World Journal of Virology 2016年第2期5卷 73-81页

作者： Auchi Inalegwu Sunny Phillips Rawlings Datir christopher Chime Petronilla Ozumba Samuel peters Obinna Ogbanufe Charles Mensah Alash'Le Abimiku Patrick Dakum Nicaise Ndembi Institute of Human Virology US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Embassy of the United States of America Institute of Human Virology University of Maryland School of Medicine

AIM: To study the impact of rejection at different levels of health care by retrospectively reviewing records of dried blood spot samples received at the molecular laboratory for human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) early infant diagnosis(EID) between January 2008 and December ***: The specimen rejection rate, reasons for rejection and the impact of rejection at different levels of health care was examined. The extracted data were cleaned and checked for consistency and then deduplicated using the unique patient and clinic identifiers. The cleaned data were ciphered and exported to SPSS version 19(SPSS 2010 IBM Corp, New York, United States) for statistical ***: Sample rejection rate of 2.4%(n = 786/32552) and repeat rate of 8.8%(n = 69/786) were established. The mean age of infants presenting for first HIV molecular test among accepted valid samples was 17.83 wk(95%CI: 17.65-18.01) vs 20.30 wk(95%CI: 16.53-24.06) for repeated samples. HIV infection rate was 9.8% vs 15.9% for accepted and repeated samples. Compared to tertiary healthcare clinics, secondary and primary clinics had twofold and three-fold higher likelihood of sample rejection, respectively(P < 0.05). We observed a significant increase in sample rejection rate with increasing number of EID clinics(r = 0.893, P = 0.041). The major reasons for rejection were improper sample collection(26.3%), improper labeling(16.4%) and insufficient blood(14.8%). CONCLUSION: Programs should monitor pre-analytical variables and incorporate continuous quality improvement interventions to reduce errors associated with sample rejection and improve patient retention.

关键词： Human immunodeficiency virus Prevention of mother-to-child transmission Early infant diagnosis Dried blood spot Pre-analytical error Sample rejection

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Nature:研究首次证实帕金森病部分上是一种自身免疫疾病

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现代生物医学进展 2017年第27期17卷 I0002-I0002页

作者： David Sulzer, Francesca Garretti, Ellen Kanter, Julian Agin-Liebes, Elizabeth Phillips, Simon Mallal David Sulzer, Roy N. Alcalay, Lucien Cote, christopher Liong, Elizabeth Phillips, Simon Mallal David Sulzer Curtis McMurtrey, William H. Hildebrand Xiaobo Mao, Valina L. Dawson, Ted M. Dawson Xiaobo Mao, Valina L. Dawson, Ted M. Dawson Valina L. Dawson Valina L. Dawson, Ted M. Dawson Ted M. Dawson Carla Oseroff, John Pham, John Sidney, Myles B. Dillon, Chelsea Carpenter, Daniela Weiskopf, Bjoern peters, April Frazier, Cecilia S. Lindestam Arlehamn, Alessandro Sette Elizabeth Phillips, Simon Mallal Departments of Psychiatry Columbia University Division of Molcular Therapeutics New York State Psychiatric Institute New York New York 10032 USA Department of Neurology Columbia University New York New York 10032 USA Department of Pharmacology Columbia University New York New York 10032 USA Department of Microbiology and Immunology University of Oklahoma Oklahoma City Oklahoma 73104 USA Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Program Institute for Cell Engineering and the Department of Neurology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore Maryland 21205 USA Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation New Orleans Louisiana 70130-2685 USA Department of Physiology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore Maryland 21205 USA Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore Maryland 21205 USA Department of Pharmacology & Molecular Sciences Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore Maryland 21205 USA Division of Vaccine Discovery La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology La Jolla California 92037 USA Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases Murdoch University Perth Western Australia 6150 Australia Vanderbilt University School of Medicine Nashville Tennessee 37235 USA

帕金森病是一种神经退行性疾病。这种疾病的一种关键特征是受损的a-突触核蛋白（alpha-synuclein）在帕金森病患者体内的一种被称作多巴胺能神经元的脑细胞中堆积。在一项新的研究中，来自美国哥伦比亚大学医学中心和拉荷亚过敏症与免... 详细信息

帕金森病是一种神经退行性疾病。这种疾病的一种关键特征是受损的a-突触核蛋白（alpha-synuclein）在帕金森病患者体内的一种被称作多巴胺能神经元的脑细胞中堆积。在一项新的研究中，来自美国哥伦比亚大学医学中心和拉荷亚过敏症与免疫学研究所等研究机构的研究人员发现首个直接的证据证实自身免疫反应在帕金森病中发挥着作用。

关键词：自身免疫疾病帕金森病神经退行性疾病多巴胺能神经元哥伦比亚大学免疫反应研究人员研究机构

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