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The leaf senescence-promoting transcription factor AtNAP activates its direct target gene CYTOKININ OXIDASE 3 to facilitate senescence processes by degrading cytokinins

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Molecular Horticulture 2021年第1期1卷 60-71页

作者： Youzhen Hu bin Liu Huazhong Ren Liping Chen christopher b.Watkins Su-Sheng Gan Plant biology Section School of Integrative Plant ScienceCornell UniversityIthacaNew York 14853USA Current address:College of Food Science Shihezi UniversityXinjiang 832000China College of Horticulture China Agriculture UniversityBeijing 100193China Current address:Department of Plant Genomics Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics(CRAG)CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UBBellaterraSpain College of Agriculture and biotechnology Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Horticulture Section School of Integrative Plant ScienceCornell UniversityIthacaNew York 14853USA

Cytokinins(CKs)are a class of adenine-derived plant hormones that plays pervasive roles in plant growth and development including cell division,morphogenesis,lateral bud outgrowth,leaf expansion and *** as a“fountain of youth”prolongs leaf longevity by inhibiting leaf senescence,and therefore must be catabolized for senescence to ***,a senescence-specific transcription factor has a key role in promoting leaf *** role of AtNAP in regulating CK catabolism is *** we report the identification and characterization of AtNAP-AtCKX3(cytokinin oxidase 3)module by which CKs are catabolized during leaf senescence in *** AtNAP,AtCKX3 is highly upregulated during leaf *** AtNAP is chemically induced AtCKX3 is co-induced;and when AtNAP is knocked out,the expression of AtCKX3 is *** physically binds to the cis element of the AtCKX3 promoter to direct its expression as revealed by yeast one-hybrid assays and in planta *** of the atckx3 knockout lines have higher CK concentrations and a delayed senescence phenotype compared with those of *** contrast,leaves with inducible expression of AtCKX3 have lower CK concentrations and exhibit a precocious senescence phenotype compared with *** research reveals that AtNAP transcription factor˗AtCKX3 module regulates leaf senescence by connecting two antagonist plant hormones abscisic acid and CKs.

关键词： AbA AbA-cytokinin crosstalk Aging Arabidopsis Cytokinin metabolism Leaf longevity Plant hormone Senescence-associated genes(SAGs)

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Using agent-based simulation to assess diseaseprevention measures during pandemics

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Chinese Physics b 2021年第9期30卷 643-651页

作者： Yunhe Tong christopher King Yanghui Hu Department of Engineering Mathematics University of BristolBristol BS81UBUK State Key Laboratory of Fire Science University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230027China

Despite the growing interest in macroscopic epidemiological models to deal with threats posed by pandemics such as COVID-19,little has been done regarding the assessment of disease spread in day-to-day life,especially within buildings such as supermarkets where people must obtain necessities at the risk of exposure to ***,we propose an integrated customer shopping simulator including both shopper movement and choice behavior,using a force-based and discrete choice model,*** a simple extension to the force-based model,we implement the following preventive measures currently taken by supermarkets;social distancing and one-way systems,and different customer habits,assessing them based on the average individual disease exposure and the time taken to complete shopping(shopping efficiency).Results show that maintaining social distance is an effective way to reduce exposure,but at the cost of shopping *** find that the one-way system is the optimal strategy for reducing exposure while minimizing the impact on shopping *** should also visit supermarkets less frequently,but buy more when they do,if they wish to minimize their *** hope that this work demonstrates the potential of pedestrian dynamics simulations in assessing preventative measures during pandemics,particularly if it is validated using empirical data.

关键词： pedestrian dynamics occupant exposure COVID-19 simulation study

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The role of decomposition reactions in assessing first-principles predictions of solid stability

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npj Computational Materials 2019年第1期5卷 1120-1128页

作者： christopher J.bartel Alan W.Weimer Stephan Lany Charles b.Musgrave Aaron M.Holder Department of Chemical and biological Engineering University of ColoradoBoulderCO 80309USA National Renewable Energy Laboratory GoldenCO 80401USA Department of Chemistry University of ColoradoBoulderCO 80309USA

The performance of density functional theory approximations for predicting materials thermodynamics is typically assessed by comparing calculated and experimentally determined enthalpies of formation from elemental phases,ΔH_(f).However,a compound competes thermodynamically with both other compounds and their constituent elemental forms,and thus,the enthalpies of the decomposition reactions to these competing phases,ΔH_(d),determine thermodynamic *** evaluated the phase diagrams for 56,791 compounds to classify decomposition reactions into three types:*** that produce elemental phases,*** that produce compounds,and *** that produce *** analysis shows that the decomposition into elemental forms is rarely the competing reaction that determines compound stability and that approximately two-thirds of decomposition reactions involve no elemental *** experimentally reported formation enthalpies for 1012 solid compounds,we assess the accuracy of the generalized gradient approximation(GGA)(PbE)and meta-GGA(SCAN)density functionals for predicting compound *** 646 decomposition reactions that are not trivially the formation reaction,PbE(mean absolute difference between theory and experiment(MAD)=70 meV/atom)and SCAN(MAD=59 meV/atom)perform similarly,and commonly employed correction schemes using fitted elemental reference energies make only a negligible improvement(~2 meV/atom).Furthermore,for 231 reactions involving only compounds(Type 2),the agreement between SCAN,PbE,and experiment is within~35 meV/atom and is thus comparable to the magnitude of experimental uncertainty.

关键词： stability stability solid

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Multi-mode diagnosis of a gas turbine engine using an adaptive neuro-fuzzy system

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2018年第1期31卷 1-9页

作者： Houman HANACHI Jie LIU christopher MECHEFSKE National Research base of Intelligent Manufacturing Service Chongqing Technology and Business University Chongqing 400067 China Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering Queen's University Kingston ON K7L 3N6 Canada Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Carleton University Ottawa ON K1S 5B6 Canada

Gas Turbine Engines （GTEs） are vastly used for generation of mechanical power in a wide range of applications from airplane propulsion systems to stationary power plants. The gaspath components of a GTE are exposed to harsh operating and ambient conditions, leading to several degradation mechanisms. because GTE components are mostly inaccessible for direct measure- ments and their degradation levels must be inferred from the measurements of accessible parameters, it is a challenge to acquire reliable information on the degradation conditions of the parts in different fault modes. In this work, a data-driven fault detection and degradation estima- tion scheme is developed for GTE diagnostics based on an Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System （ANFIS）. To verify the performance and accuracy of the developed diagnostic framework on GTE data, an ensemble of measurable gas path parameters has been generated by a high-fidelity GTE model under （a） diverse ambient conditions and control settings, （b） every possible combination of degradation symptoms, and （c） a broad range of signal to noise ratios. The results prove the competency of the developed framework in fault diagnostics and reveal the sensitivity of diagnostic results to measurement noise for different degradation symptoms.

关键词： Fault detection Multi-mode diagnosis Measurement noise Real-time diagnosis

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Operative complications and economic outcomes of cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第48期25卷 6916-6927页

作者： christopher P Rice Krishnamurthy b Vaishnavi Celia Chao Daniel Jupiter August b Schaeffer Whitney R Jenson Lance W Griffin William J Mileski School of Medicine University of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTX 77555United States Department of Surgery University of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTX 77555United States Department of biostatistics University of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTX 77555United States

bACKGROUND Recent management of acute cholecystitis favors same admission(SA)or emergent cholecystectomy based on overall shorter hospital stay and therefore cost *** adopted the practice of SA cholecystectomy for the treatment of acute cholecystitis at our tertiary care center and wanted to evaluate the economic benefit of this *** hypothesized that the existence of complications,particularly among patients with a higher degree of disease severity,during SA cholecystectomy could negate the cost *** To compare complication rates and hospital costs between SA vs delayed cholecystectomy among patients admitted emergently for acute *** Under an IRb-approved protocol,complications and charges for were obtained for SA,later after conservative management(Delayed),or elective cholecystectomies over an 8.5-year *** were identified using the acute care surgery registry and billing *** was retrieved via EMR,operative logs,and Revenue Cycle *** severity of acute cholecystitis was graded according to the Tokyo ***18 categorizes acute cholecystitis by Grades 1,2,and 3 representing mild,moderate,and severe,*** were analyzed withχ2,Fisher’s exact test,ANOVA,ttests,and logistic regression;significance was set at P<*** Four hundred eighty-six(87.7%)underwent a SA while 68 patients(12.3%)received Delayed *** rates were increased after SA compared to Delayed cholecystectomy(18.5%vs 4.4%,P=0.004).The complication rates of patients undergoing delayed cholecystectomy was similar to the rate for elective cholecystectomy(7.4%,P=0.35).Mortality rates were 0.6%vs 0%for SA vs *** with moderate disease(Tokyo 2)suffered more complications among SA while none who were delayed experienced a complication(16.1%vs 0.0%,P<0.001).Total hospital charges for SA cholecystectomy were increased compared to a Delayed approach($44500±$59000 vs$35300±$16700,P=

关键词： Acute cholecystitis Tokyo guidelines Cholecystectomy Complications Delayed cholecystectomy

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Storylines of family medicine Ⅶ: family medicine across the lifespan

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2024年第S03期12卷 61-69页

作者： William b Ventres Leslie A Stone Katharine C barnard Sara G shields Mark J Nelson Maria Verónica Svetaz Clara M Keegan Joel J Heidelbaugh Paige b beck Lucille Marchand Family and Preventive Medicine University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences College of MedicineLittle RockArkansasUSA Family Medicine and Community Health UMass Chan Medical SchoolWorcesterMassachusettsUSA John Peter Smith Hospital Family Medicine Residency Fort WorthTexasUSA Family and Community Medicine Hennepin HealthcareMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA Family Medicine University of Vermont Larner College of MedicineBurlingtonVermontUSA Family Medicine University of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMichiganUSA Family Medicine and Community Health University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWisconsinUSA

Storylines of Family Medicine is a 12-part series of thematically linked mini-essays with accompanying illustrations that explore the many dimensions of family medicine as interpreted by individual family physicians and medical educators in the USA and elsewhere around the ***‘Ⅶ:family medicine across the lifespan’,authors address the following themes:‘Family medicine maternity care’,‘Seeing children as patients brings joy to work’,‘Family medicine and the care of adolescents’,‘Reproductive healthcare across the lifespan’,‘Men’s health’,‘Care of older adults’,and‘being with dying’.May readers appreciate the range of family medicine in these essays.

关键词： life illustration family

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Zika:How safe is India?

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 335-338页

作者： C.George Priya Doss R.Siva b.Prabhu christopher Chiranjib Chakraborty Hailong Zhu School of biosciences and Technology VIT UniversityVelloreTamil Nadu 632014India VIT-bS VIT UniversityVelloreTamil Nadu 632014India Department of bioinformatics School of Computer and Information SciencesGalgotias UniversityGreater NoidaUttar Pradesh 201310India Integrated bioinformedicine and Translational Science School of Chinese MedicineHong Kong Baptist University7 Baptist University RoadHong KongChina

Zika virus,which originated from a forest in Uganda,has affected countries in Africa,Latin America and *** people infected with Zika are asymptomatic and present with clinical manifestations ranging from mild fever to severe neurological *** outbreaks in Southeast Asian countries,Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has warned pregnant woman to avoid nonessential traveling to 11 Asian *** about the sexual transmission route of Zika have pushed the World Health Organization to declare it a‘public health emergency’.Having this current warning status,it has become mandatory to consider where second highly populated country India stands in terms of spreading awareness and taking precautionary measures against the Zika virus ***,this paper aims to highlight the importance of Zika in Indian population by considering several indicators such as the population size and ratio,rates of mortality,closely related diseases,government initiatives,and other micro-level factors which are prone to Zika effects.

关键词： Zika virus Preventive measures India

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Obesity-induced sperm DNA methylation changes at satellite repeats are reprogrammed in rat offspring

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2016年第6期18卷 930-936页

作者： Neil A Youngson Virginie Lecomte christopher A Maloney Preston Leung Jia Liu Luke b Hesson Fabio Luciani Lutz Krause Margaret J Morris Department of Pharmacology School of Medical Sciences UNSW Australia Sydney NSW 2052 Australia Inflammation and Infection Research School of Medical Sciences UNSW Australia Sydney NSW 2052 Australia Adult Cancer Program Lowy Cancer Research Centre and Prince of Wales Clinical School UNSW Australia Sydney NSW 2052 Australia QIMR berghofer Medical Research Institute Herston Brisbane Queensland 4006 Australia University of Queensland Diamantina Institute Translational Research Institute University of Queensland 37 Kent Street Woolleongabba Queensland 4102 Australia

There is now strong evidence that the paternal contribution to offspring phenotype at fertilisation is more than just DNA. However, the identity and mechanisms of this nongenetic inheritance are poorly understood. One of the more important questions in this research area is： do changes in sperm DNA methylation have phenotypic consequences for offspring？ We have previously reported that offspring of obese male rats have altered glucose metabolism compared with controls and that this effect was inherited through nongenetic means. Here, we describe investigations into sperm DNA methylation in a new cohort using the same protocol. Male rats on a high-fat diet were 30% heavier than control-fed males at the time of mating （16-19 weeks old, n = 14/14）. A small （0.25%） increase in total 5-methyl-2＇-deoxycytidine was detected in obese rat spermatozoa by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Examination of the repetitive fraction of the genome with methyI-CpG binding domain protein-enriched genome sequencing （MbD-Seq） and pyrosequencing revealed that retrotransposon DNA methylation states in spermatozoa were not affected by obesity, but methylation at satellite repeats throughout the genome was increased. However, examination of muscle, liver, and spermatozoa from male 27-week-old offspring from obese and control fathers （both groups from n = 8 fathers） revealed that normal DNA methylation levels were restored during offspring development. Furthermore, no changes were found in three genomic imprints in obese rat spermatozoa. Our findings have implications for transgenerational epigenetic reprogramming. They suggest that postfertilization mechanisms exist for normalising some environmentally-induced DNA methylation changes in sperm cells.

关键词： methylation obesity spermatozoa

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Meta-analysis of the effects of 1-methylcyclopropene(1-MCP)treatment on climacteric fruit ripening

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Horticulture Research 2020年第1期7卷 53-68页

作者： Jing Zhang Yuanchun Ma Chao Dong Leon A.Terry christopher b.Watkins Zhifang Yu Zong-Ming(Max)Cheng College of Horticulture Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina Plant Science Laboratory Cranfield UniversityBedfordshireUK School of Integrative of Plant Science College of Agriculture and Plant SciencesCornell UniversityIthacaNYUSA College of Food Science and Technology Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina Department of Plant Sciences University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology Forestry and Fruit Tree Research InstituteShanghai Academy of Agricultural SciencesShanghaiChina

1-Methylcyclopropene(1-MCP)is an inhibitor of ethylene perception that is widely used to maintain the quality of several climacteric fruits during storage.A large body of literature now exists on the effects of 1-MCP on climacteric fruit ripening for different species and environmental conditions,presenting an opportunity to use meta-analysis to systematically dissect these *** classified 44 ripening indicators of climacteric fruits into five categories:physiology and biochemistry,quality,enzyme activity,color,and ***-analysis showed that 1-MCP treatment reduced 20 of the 44 indicators by a minimum of 22%and increased 6 indicators by at least 20%.These effects were associated with positive effects on delaying ripening and maintaining *** the seven moderating variables,species,1-MCP concentration,storage temperature and time had substantial impacts on the responses of fruit to 1-MCP *** from different species varied in their responses to 1-MCP,with the most pronounced responses observed in rosaceous fruits,especially apple,European pear fruits,and tropical *** effect of gaseous 1-MCP was optimal at 1μl/l,with a treatment time of 12–24 h,when the storage temperature was 0℃for temperate fruits or 20℃for tropical fruits,and when the shelf temperature was 20℃,reflecting the majority of experimental *** findings will help improve the efficacy of 1-MCP application during the storage of climacteric fruits,reduce fruit quality losses and increase commercial value.

关键词： treatment analysis maintain

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NONDEGENERACY OF POSITIVE SOLUTIONS TO HOMOGENEOUS SECOND-ORDER DIFFERENTIAL SYSTEMS AND ITS APPLICATIONS

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2009年第2期29卷 435-446页

作者：戴求亿 christopher C. Tisdell Department of Mathematics Hunan Normal University School of Mathematics the University of New South Wales

This article considers the Dirichlet problem of homogeneous and inhomogeneous second-order ordinary differential systems. A nondegeneracy result is proven for positive solutions of homogeneous systems. Sufficient and necessary conditions for the existence of multiple positive solutions for inhomogeneous systems are obtained by making use of the nondegeneracy and uniqueness results of homogeneous systems.

关键词： Second ordinary differential system Dirichlet problem positive solution nondegeneracy multiplicity result

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