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Wastewater surveillance provides 10-days forecasting of COVID-19 hospitalizations superior to cases and test positivity:A prediction study

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2023年第4期8卷 1138-1150页

作者： Dustin t.Hill Mohammed A.Alazawi E.Joe Moran Lydia J.Bennett Ian Bradley Mary B.Collins christopher J.Gobler Hyatt Green tabassum Z.Insaf Brittany Kmush Dana Neigel Shailla Raymond Mian Wang Yinyin Ye David A.Larsen Department of Public Health Syracuse UniversitySyracuseNY13244USA Center for Environmental Health New York State Department of HealthAlbanyNYUSA CDC Foundation AtlantaGAUSA Department of Civil Structural and Environmental EngineeringUniversity at BuffaloBuffaloNYUSA School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences Sustainability Studies DivisionStony Brook UniversityStony BrookNYUSA Institute for Advanced Computational Science Stony Brook UniversityStony BrookNYUSA New York State Center for Clean Water technology Stony Brook UniversityStony BrookNYUSA School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences Stony Brook UniversityStony BrookNYUSA Department of Environmental Biology State University of New York College of Environmental Science and ForestrySyracuseNYUSA Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthUniversity at AlbanyRensselaerNYUSA Department of Civil Engineering College of Engineering and Applied SciencesStony Brook UniversityStony BrookNYUSA

Background:the public health response to COVID-19 has shifted to reducing deaths and hospitalizations to prevent overwhelming health *** amount of SARS-CoV-2 RNA fragments in wastewater are known to correlate with clinical data including cases and hospital admissions for *** developed and tested a predictive model for incident COVID-19 hospital admissions in New York State using wastewater ***:Using county-level COVID-19 hospital admissions and wastewater surveillance covering 13.8 million people across 56 counties,we fit a generalized linear mixed model predicting new hospital admissions from wastewater concentrations of SARS-CoV-2 RNA from April 29,2020 to June 30,*** included covariates such as COVID-19 vaccine coverage in the county,comorbidities,demographic variables,and holiday ***:Wastewater concentrations of SARS-CoV-2 RNA correlated with new hospital admissions per 100,000 up to ten days prior to *** that included wastewater had higher predictive power than models that included clinical cases only,increasing the accuracy of the model by 15%.Predicted hospital admissions correlated highly with observed admissions(r¼0.77)with an average difference of 0.013 hospitalizations per 100,000(95%CI¼[0.002,0.025])Interpretation:Using wastewater to predict future hospital admissions from COVID-19 is accurate and effective with superior results to using case data *** lead time of ten days could alert the public to take precautions and improve resource allocation for seasonal surges.

关键词： COVID-19 hospitalizations Wastewater-based epidemiology Forecasting Prediction SARS-CoV-2

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Structural Flexibility Enables Alternative Maturation, ARGONAUtE Sorting and Activities of miR168, a Global Gene Silencing Regulator in Plants

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Molecular Plant 2018年第8期11卷 1008-1023页

作者： taichiro Iki Antoine Cléry Nicolas G. Bologna Alexis Sarazin christopher A. Brosnan Nathan Pumplin Frédéric H.t. Allain Olivier Voinnet Department of Biology Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Universit&tstrasse 2 ZUrich 8092 Switzerland Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics Department of Biology Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zürich Switzerland Biomolecular NMR spectroscopy Platform ETH Zürich Switzerland Present address: Laboratory of Germline Biology Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences Osaka University 1-3 Yamadaoka Suita Osaka Japan

In eukaryotes, the RNase-Ⅲ Dicer often produces length/sequence microRNA （miRNA） variants, called ＂isomiRs＂, owing to intrinsic structural/sequence determinants of the miRNA precursors （pre-miRNAs）. In this study, we combined biophysics, genetics and biochemistry approaches to study Arabidopsis miR168, the key feedback regulator of central plant silencing effector protein ARGONAUtE1 （AGO1）. We identified a motif conserved among plant premiR168 orthologs, which enables flexible internal basepairing underlying at least three metastable structural configurations. these configurations promote alternative, accurate Dicer cleavage events generating length and structural isomiR168 variants with distinctive AGO sorting properties and modes of action. Among these isomiR168s, a duplex with a 22-nt guide strand exhibits strikingly preferential affinity for AGO10, the closest AGO1 paralog. the 22-nt miR168-AGO10 complex antagonizes AGO1 accumulation in part via ＂transitive RNAi＂, a silencing-amplification process, to maintain appropriate AGO1 cellular homeostasis. Furthermore, we found that the tombusviral P19 silencing-suppressor protein displays markedly weaker affinity for the 22-nt form among its isomiR168 cargoes, thereby promoting AGO10-directed suppression of AGOl-mediated antiviral silencing. taken together, these findings indicate that structural flexibility, a previously overlooked property of premiRNAs, considerably increases the versatility and regulatory potential of individual MIRNA genes, and that some pathogens might have evolved the capacity or mechanisms to usurp this property.

关键词： microRNA miR168 Dicer ARGONAUtE tombusvirus P19

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Development and pilot implementation of a patient-oriented discharge summary for critically Ill patients

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2022年第4期11卷 255-268页

作者： Anmol Shahid Bonnie Sept Shelly Kupsch Rebecca Brundin-Mather Danijela Piskulic Andrea Soo christopher Grant Jeanna Parsons Leigh Kirsten M Fiest Henry t Stelfox Department of Critical Care Medicine University of CalgaryCalgary T2N 4Z6AlbertaCanada Department of Psychiatry Hotchkiss Brain InstituteCalgary T2N 4Z6AlbertaCanada School of Health Administration Dalhousie UniversityHalifax B3H 4R2Nova ScotiaCanada

BACKGROUND Patients leaving the intensive care unit(ICU)often experience gaps in care due to deficiencies in discharge communication,leaving them vulnerable to increased stress,adverse events,readmission to ICU,and *** facilitate discharge communication,written summaries have been implemented to provide patients and their families with information on medications,activity and diet restrictions,follow-up appointments,symptoms to expect,and who to call if there are *** written discharge summaries for patients and their families are utilized frequently in surgical,rehabilitation,and pediatric settings,few have been utilized in ICU *** to develop an ICU specific patient-oriented discharge summary tool(PODS-ICU),and pilot test the tool to determine acceptability and *** Patient-partners(i.e.,individuals with lived experience as an ICU patient or family member of an ICU patient),ICU clinicians(i.e.,physicians,nurses),and researchers met to discuss ICU patients’specific informational needs and design the PODS-ICU through several cycles of discussion and iterative *** team nurses piloted the PODS-ICU with patient and family participants in two ICUs in Calgary,***-up surveys on the PODS-ICU and its impact on discharge were administered to patients,family participants,and ICU *** Most participants felt that their discharge from the ICU was good or better(n=13;87.0%),and some(n=9;60.0%)participants reported a good understanding of why the patient was in *** participants(n=12;80.0%)reported that they understood ICU events and impacts on the patient’s *** many patients and family participants indicated the PODS-ICU was informative and useful,ICU nurses reported that the PODS-ICU was“not reasonable”in their daily clinical workflow due to“time constraint”.CONCLUSION the PODS-ICU tool provides patients and their families with essential information as they discharge from the *** tool has

关键词： Discharge tool Patient discharge summary Patient communication Family communication transitions in care Intensive care unit

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Is analysis of lower esophageal sphincter vector volumes of value in diagnosing gastroesophageal reflux disease?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2003年第1期9卷 174-178页

作者： Robert E.Marsh christopher L.Perdue Ziad t.Awad Patrice Watson Mohamed Selima Richard E.Davis Charles J.Filipi Department of Surgery Creighton University School of MedicineOmaha Nebraska USA Department of Preventive Medicine Creighton University School of MedicineOmaha Nebraska USA

AIM: With successful surgical treatment of gastroesophagealreflux disease (GERD), there is interest in understandingthe anti-reflux barrier and its mechanisms of failure. to date,the potential use of vector volumes to predict the DeMeesterscore has not been adequately ***: 627 patients in the referral database receivedesophageal manometry and ambulatory 24-hour pHmonitoring. Study data included LES resting pressure (LESP),overall LES length (OL) and abdominal length (AL), totalvector volume (tW) and intrabdominal vector volume (IVV).RESULtS: In cases where LESP, tVV or IVV were all belownormal, there was an 81.4 % probability of a positiveDeMeester score. In cases where all three were normal,there was an 86.9 % probability that the DeMeester scorewould be negative. Receiver-operating characteristics (ROC)for LESP, tW and IW were nearly identical and indicatedno useful cut-off values. Logistic regression demonstratedthat LESP and IVV had the strongest association with apositive DeMeester score; however, the regression formulawas only 76.L % ***: While the indices based on tVV, IW andLESP are more sensitive and specific, respectively, than anysingle measurement, the measurement of vector volumesdoes not add significantly to the diagnosis of GERD.

关键词：胃食管返流病食道括约肌诊断标准临床特点

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Life Cycle Assessment of CCA-treated Wood Highway Guard Rail Posts in the US with Comparisons to Galvanized Steel Guard Rail Posts

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Journal of transportation technologies 2013年第1期3卷 58-67页

作者： christopher A. Bolin Stephen t. Smith 不详

A cradle-to-grave life cycle assessment is done to identify the environmental impacts of chromated copper arsenate (CCA)-treated timber used for highway guard rail posts, to understand the processes that contribute to the total impacts, and to determine how the impacts compare to the primary alternative product, galvanized steel posts. Guard rail posts are the supporting structures for highway guard rails. transportation engineers, as well as public and regulatory interests, have increasing need to understand the environmental implications of guard rail post selection, in addition to factors such as costs and service performance. this study uses a life cycle inventory (LCI) to catalogue the input and output data from guard rail post manufacture, service life, and disposition, and a life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) to assess anthropogenic and net greenhouse gas (GHG), acidification, smog, ecotoxicity, and eutrophication potentially resulting from life cycle air emissions. Other indicators of interest also are tracked, such as fossil fuel and water use. Comparisons of guard rail post products are made at a functional unit of one post per year of service. this life cycle assessment (LCA) finds that the manufacture, use, and disposition of CCA-treated wood guard rails offers lower fossil fuel use and lower anthropogenic and net GHG emissions, acidification, smog potential, and ecotoxicity environmental impacts than impact indicator values for galvanized steel posts. Water use and eutrophication impact indicator values for CCA-treated guard rail posts are greater than impact indicator values for galvanized steel guard rail posts.

关键词： Life Cycle Assessment LCA LCI Environmental Impact treated Wood Chromated Copper Arsenate CCA Guard Rail Post Greenhouse Gas GHG Galvanized Steel

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Life Cycle Assessment of Creosote-treated Wooden Railroad Crossties in the US with Comparisons to Concrete and Plastic Composite Railroad Crossties

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Journal of transportation technologies 2013年第2期3卷 149-161页

作者： christopher A. Bolin Stephen t. Smith AquAeter Inc. Division of Sustainability Centennial USA AquAeter Inc. Division of Sustainability Helena USA

Creosote-treated wooden railroad crossties have been used for more than a century to support steel rails and to transfer load from the rails to the underlying ballast while keeping the rails at the correct gauge. As transportation engineers look for improved service life and environmental performance in railway systems, alternatives to the creosote-treated wooden crosstie are being considered. this paper compares the cradle-to-grave environmental life cycle assessment (LCA) results of creosote-treated wooden railroad crossties with the primary alternative products: concrete and plastic composite (P/C) crossties. this LCA includes a life cycle inventory (LCI) to catalogue the input and output data from crosstie manufacture, service life, and disposition, and a life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) to evaluate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, fossil fuel and water use, and emissions with the potential to cause acidification, smog, ecotoxicity, and eutrophication. Comparisons of the products are made at a functional unit of 1.61 kilometers (1.0 mile) of rail-road track per year. this LCA finds that the manufacture, use, and disposition of creosote-treated wooden railroad crossties offers lower fossil fuel and water use and lesser environmental impacts than competing products manufactured of concrete and P/C.

关键词： Creosote Environmental Impact Railroad Crossties Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Concrete Plastic Composite

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Ontogeny of vocal rhythms in harbor seal pups: an exploratory study

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Current Zoology 2019年第1期65卷 107-120页

作者： Andrea RAViGNANi christopher t. Kello Koen de Reus Sonja A Kotz Simone Dalla BELLA Margarita Mendez-Arostegui Beatriz Rapado-tamarit Ana Rubio-Garcia Bart de BoER Research Department Sealcentre Pieterburen Pieterburen The Netherlands Artificial Intelligenee Lab Vrije Universiteit Brussel Brussels Belgium Cognitive and Information Sciences University of California Merced CA USA Basic and Applied NeuroDynamics Lab Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience Department of Neuropsychology & Psychopharmacology Maastricht University Maastricht The Netherlands Department of Neuropsychology Max-Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences Leipzig Germany International Laboratory for Brain Music and Sound Research (BRAMS) Montreal QC Canada Department of Psychology University of Montreal Montreal QC Canada Department of Cognitive Psychology WSFiZ in Warsaw Warsaw Poland

Puppyhood is a very active social and vocal period in a harbor seal's life Ph oca vitulina. An important feature of vocalizations is their temporal and rhythmic structure, and understanding vocal timing and rhythms in harbor seals is critical to a cross-species hypothesis in evolutionary neuroscience that links vocal learning, rhythm perception, and synchronization. this study utilized analytical techniques that may best capture rhythmic structure in pup vocalizations with the goal of examining whether (1) harbor seal pups show rhythmic structure in their calls and (2) rhythms evolve over time. Calls of 3 wild-born seal pups were recorded daily over the course of 1-3 weeks;3 temporal features were analyzed using 3 complementary techniques. We identified temporal and rhythmic structure in pup calls across different time windows. the calls of harbor seal pups exhibit some degree of temporal and rhythmic organization, which evolves over puppyhood and resembles that of other species' in teractive comm un icati on. We suggest n ext steps for investigating call structure in harbor seal pups and propose comparative hypotheses to test in other pinniped species.

关键词： bioacoustics pinnipeds rhythm timing vocal development

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Effects of multiple transmission pathways on Zika dynamics

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2018年第1期3卷 331-344页

作者： Omomayowa Olawoyin christopher Kribs Department of Mathematics University of Texas at Arlington411 South Nedderman Drive Box 19408 ArlingtonTX 76019 USA

Although the Zika virus is transmitted to humans primarily through the bite of infected female Aedes aegypti mosquitoes,it can also be sexually and vertically transmitted within both *** this study,we develop a new mathematical model of the Zika virus which incorporates sexual transmission in humans and mosquitos,vertical transmission in mosquitos,and mosquito to human transmission through *** of this deterministic model shows that the secondary transmission routes of Zika increase the basic reproductive number(R0)of the virus by 5%,shift the peak time of an outbreak to occur 10%sooner,increase the initial growth of an epidemic,and have important consequences for control strategies and estimates of ***,sensitivity analysis show that the basic reproductive number is most sensitive to the mosquito biting rate and transmission probability parameters and reveal that the dynamics of juvenile mosquito stages greatly impact the peak time of an *** discoveries deepen our understanding of the complex transmission routes of ZIKV and the consequences that they may hold for public health officials.

关键词： Zika virus Secondary transmission pathways Epidemic growth rate Control strategies Basic reproductive number estimate

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Wide-field three-photon excitation in biological samples

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Light(Science & Applications) 2016年第1期5卷 65-73页

作者： christopher J Rowlands Demian Park Oliver t Bruns Kiryl D Piatkevich Dai Fukumura Rakesh K Jain Moungi G Bawendi Edward S Boyden Peter tC So Department of Biological Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139USA Media Lab Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139USA Department of Chemistry Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139USA Edwin L.Steele Laboratories Department of Radiation OncologyMassachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02114USA Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences McGovern Institute and MIT Center for Neurobiological EngineeringMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139-4307USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139USA

three-photon wide-field depth-resolved excitation is used to overcome some of the limitations in conventional point-scanning two-and three-photon *** of chromophores as diverse as channelrhodopsins and quantum dots is shown,and a penetration depth of more than 700μm into fixed scattering brain tissue is achieved,approximately twice as deep as that achieved using two-photon wide-field *** with live animal experiments is confirmed by imaging the cerebral vasculature of an anesthetized mouse;a complete focal stack was obtained without any evidence of *** an additional validation of the utility of wide-field three-photon excitation,functional excitation is demonstrated by performing threephoton optogenetic stimulation of cultured mouse hippocampal neurons expressing a channelrhodopsin;action potentials could reliably be excited without causing photodamage.

关键词： biophotonics multiphoton microscopy optogenetics temporal focusing three-photon

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Food Safety Strategies:the One Health Approach to Global Challenges and China’s Actions

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China CDC weekly 2021年第24期3卷 507-513页

作者： Di Wu christopher Elliott Yongning Wu Institute for Global Food Security Queen’s University BelfastBelfastthe United Kingdom National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment Food Safety Research Unit(2019RU014)of Chinese Academy of Medical ScienceChina National Center for Food Safety Risk AssessmentBeijingChina.

WORLD FOOD SAFEtY DAY World Food Safety Day(WFSD)(1)celebrated on 7 June 2021 aims to draw attention and inspire action to help prevent,detect and manage foodborne risks,contributing to food security,human health,economic prosperity,agriculture,market access,tourism and sustainable *** theme of 2021,“Safe food today for a healthy tomorrow”,stresses that production and consumption of safe food has immediate and long-term benefits for people,the planet and the *** the systemic connections between the health of people,animals,plants,the environment and the economy will help us meet the needs of the future.

关键词： planet tourism benefits

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