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Bioactive Materials 2022年第8期7卷 302-312页

作者： Adam M.navara Yu Seon Kim Yilan Xu christopher L.Crafton Mani Diba Jason L.Guo Antonios G.Mikos Department of Bioengineering Rice University6500 Main StreetHoustonTX77030USA

Extrusion bioprinting is a popular method for fabricating tissue engineering scaffolds because of its potential to rapidly produce complex,bioactive or cell-laden ***,due to the relatively high viscosity required to maintain shape fidelity during printing,many extrusion-based inks lack the ability to achieve precise structures at scales lower than hundreds of *** this work,we present a novel poly(n-isopropylacrylamide)(PnIPAAm)-based ink and poloxamer support bath system that produces precise,multi-layered structures on the tens of micrometers *** support bath maintains the structure of the ink in a hydrated,heated environment ideal for cell culture,while the ink undergoes rapid thermogelation followed by a spontaneous covalent crosslinking *** the combination of the PnIPAAm-based ink and poloxamer bath,this system was able to produce hydrogel scaffolds with uniform fibers possessing diameters tunable from 80 to 200μm.A framework of relationships between several important printing factors involved in maintaining support and thermogelation was also *** a whole,this work demonstrates the ability to produce precise,acellular and cell-laden PnIPAAm-based scaffolds at high-resolution and contributes to the growing body of research surrounding the printability of extrusion-based bioinks with support baths.

关键词： Bioprinting Thermogelling macromer Tissue engineering Printability

Bioavailability of Arsenic and Antimony in Terrestrial Ecosystems:A Review

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Pedosphere 2019年第6期29卷 681-720页

作者： Saeed BAGHERIFAM Trevor CBROWn christopher MFELLOWS Ravi nAIDU Chemistry-School of Science and Technology University of New EnglandArmidale NSW 2351(Australia Global Centre for Environmental Remediation Faculty of Science and Inform ation TechnologyUniversity o f NewcastleUniversity DriveCallaghan N S W 2308(Australia

Arsenic (As) and antimony (Sb) are metalloids that belong to group 15 of the periodic table and exhibit toxic properties in the environment. They mostly occur naturally at low concentrations in soil, although these can be significantly elevated in both aquatic and terrestrial food chains as a result of dispersion from anthropogenic sources, e.g ., mining activities. The bioavailability, i.e., the proportion of the contaminant in soil and dust that is available for uptake by plants and other living organisms, presents the greatest risk to terrestrial ecosystems. Various in vivo and in vitro methods have been used to measure As and Sb bioaccessibility in soil and dust. In vivo measurement of bioavailability can be time consuming, expensive, and unethical;thus, in vitro methods are commonly preferred. However, there is considerable uncertainty around the efficacy of in vitro tools used to measure the bioavailable fractions of As and Sb. The results of these methods are dependent on many variables, e.g., soil characteristics, contaminant sources, and chemical composition of in vitro methods. Therefore, substantial variations are observed between in vitro and in vivo results obtained from different test animals and endpoints. In this paper, we review the literature on As and Sb bioavailability in terrestrial ecosystems and current in vivo and in vitro techniques used for assessing bioavailability and bioaccessibility of metalloids. This would reveal research gaps and allow scientists and environmental policy makers to gain a deeper understanding of the potential risks associated with these metalloids in the environment.

关键词： Bioaccessibility Bioavailable fraction Contamination Environmental risk assessment Metalloids Phytoavailability Relative bioavailability Soil characteristics Toxicant

novel theoretical constraints for color-octet scalar models

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Chinese Physics C 2019年第9期43卷 1-11页

作者：成立 Otto Eberhardt christopher W.Murphy Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics Beijing 100094China Instituto de Fisica Corpuscular Universitat de Valencia-CSICApt.Correus 22085E-46071 ValenciaSpain Department of Physics Brookhaven National LaboratoryUptonNew York11973USA

We study the theoretical constraints on a model whose scalar sector contains one color octet and one or two color singlet SU(2)L *** ensure unitarity of the theory,we constrain the parameters of the scalar potential for the first time at the next-to-leading order in perturbation ***,we derive new conditions guaranteeing the stability of the *** employ the HEPfit package to extract viable parameter regions at the electroweak scale and test the stability of the renormalization group evolution up to the multi-TeV ***,we set upper limits on the scalar mass *** results are given for both cases with and without a second scalar color singlet.

关键词： beyond the Standard Model extension of Higgs sector EW symmetry breaking

Inter-hospital transfers and door-to-balloon times for STEMI: a single centre cohort study

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2020年第6期17卷 321-329页

作者： RenéForsyth Zhong-Hua SUn christopher Reid Rachael Moorin Department of Medical Radiation Sciences Curtin UniversityPerthAustralia School of Public Health NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Cardiovascular Outcomes ImprovementPerthAustralia Centre of Research Excellence in Therapeutics Monash UniversityMelbourneAustralia School of Public Health Curtin UniversityPerthAustralia School of Population and Global Health the University of Western AustraliaCrawleyAustralia

Background Key performance indices such as door-to-balloon times have long been recognized as quality metrics in reducing time to care for patients with acute coronary syndromes(ACS). In the situation where patients do not present to a facility capable of 24/7 percutaneous coronary interventions(PCI) delays in time to therapy can exceed the recommendation of 90 min or less. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of transfers on performance indices for patients diagnosed with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI). Methods Over a seven month collection period, all patients presenting with symptoms suggestive of ACS and admitted for PCI were studied. Patients were divided into dichotomous groups of direct presentations or transfers from a secondary non-PCI capable hospital with key times recorded, including symptom-onset, first hospital and PCI-capable hospital arrival and balloon inflation times to evaluate time of treatment for STEMI patients. Results Of the 87 patients diagnosed with STEMI, transferred patients experienced statistically significant delays in symptom-onset to the PCI-capable hospital(PCI-H) arrival(215 vs. 95 min, P nset to balloon inflation(225 vs. 160 min, P = 0.009) and first hospital arrival to balloon inflation times(106 vs. 56 min, P nly 28%(n = 9) of transferred patients underwent balloon inflation within 90 min from first hospital arrival, while 60%(n = 19) did within 120 min, although all received balloon inflation within 90 min from arrival at the PCI-H. After controlling for confounding factors of socio-economic status, presentation date/time and diagnostic category, transferred patients experienced an average 162% longer delays from symptom-onset to PCI-H door arrival, and 98% longer delays in symptom-onset to balloon inflation;compared to patients who present directly to the PCI-H. no statistically significant differences were noted between transferred and direct patients when measured from PCI-

关键词： Acute coronary syndrome Door-to-balloon times Inter-hospital transfers ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction

Refinement of saliva microRnA biomarkers for sports-related concussion

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第3期12卷 369-378页

作者： Steven D.Hicks Cayce Onks Raymond Y.Kim Kevin J.Zhen Jayson Loeffert Andrea C.Loeffert Robert P.Olympia Gregory Fedorchak Samantha DeVita Zofia Gagnon Callan McLoughlin Miguel M.Madeira Scott L.Zuckerman Timothy Lee Matthew Heller Chuck Monteith Thomas R.Campbell christopher neville Elise Fengler Michael n.Dretsch Department of Pediatrics College of MedicinePennsylvania State UniversityHersheyPA 17033USA Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation College of MedicinePennsylvania State UniversityHersheyPA 17033USA Department of Family Medicine College of MedicinePennsylvania State UniversityHersheyPA 17033USA Department of Emergency Medicine College of MedicinePennsylvania State UniversityHersheyPA 17033USA Department of Research and Development Quadrant Biosciences Inc.SyracuseNY 13210USA Department of Biology Marist CollegePoughkeepsieNY 12601USA Sports Concussion Center College of MedicineVanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTN 37212USA Department of Family Medicine College of Osteopathic MedicineNew York Institute of TechnologyOld WestburyNY 11568USA Department of Athletic Training Colgate UniversityHamiltonNY 13346USA Department of Rehabilitation Sciences Old Dominion UniversityNorfolkVA 23529USA Department of Physical Therapy Education Orthopedicsand NeuroscienceCollege of MedicineSUNY Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseNY 13210USA Department of Exercise Science Syracuse UniversitySyracuseNY 13210USA Department of Medical Research—West Walter Reed Army Institute of ResearchUS Army Joint Base Lewis-McChordHillhurstWA 98433USA

Background:Recognizing sport-related concussion(SRC)is challenging and relies heavily on subjective symptom *** objective,biological marker could improve recognition and understanding of *** is emerging evidence that salivary micro-ribonucleic acids(miRnAs)may serve as biomarkers of concussion;however,it remains unclear whether concussion-related miRnAs are impacted by *** sought to determine whether40 miRnAs previously implicated in concussion pathophysiology were affected by participation in a variety of contact and non-contact *** goal was to refine a miRnA-based tool capable of identifying athletes with SRC without the confounding effects of ***:This case-control study harmonized data from concussed and non-concussed athletes recruited across 10 *** of salivary miRnAs within 455 samples from 314 individuals were measured with RnA ***-subjects testing was used to identify and exclude miRnAs that changed with either(a)a single episode of exercise(166 samples from 83 individuals)or(b)season-long participation in contact sports(212 samples from 106 individuals).The miRnAs that were not impacted by exercise were interrogated for SRC diagnostic utility using logistic regression(172 samples from 75 concussed and 97 non-concussed individuals).Results:Two miRnAs(miR-532-5p and miR-182-5p)decreased(adjusted pngle episode of exercise,and 1 miRnA(miR-4510)increased only after contact sports ***-three miRnAs changed at the end of a contact sports *** of these miRnAs(miR-26b-3p and miR-29c-3p)were associated(R>0.50;adjusted pnumber of head impacts sustained in a single football *** the 15 miRnAs not confounded by exercise or season-long contact sports participation,11 demonstrated a significant difference(adjusted pn concussed and non-concussed participants,and 6 displayed moderate ability(area under curve>0.70)to identify concussion.A

关键词： Biomarker Contact sports Football RnA Traumatic brain injury

Prokaryotic Horizontal Gene Transfer in Freshwater Lakes: Implications of Dynamic Biogeochemical Zonation

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2012年第12期3卷 1634-1654页

作者： christopher n. Drudge Lesley A. Warren School of Geography and Earth Sciences McMaster University Hamilton Canada

The highly adaptive nature of prokaryotic communities in the face of changing environmental conditions reflects in part their ability to share advantageous genetic information through horizontal gene transfer (HGT). natural freshwater lacustrine (lake) systems are a vital and finite resource, and the influence of HGT on their quality (e.g. enabling the spread of antibiotic resistance and xenobiotic catabolism genes) is likely significant. Laboratory and in situ studies indicate that the dynamic physical, chemical, and biological conditions that structure freshwater systems can influence HGT within freshwater prokaryotic communities. Thus, understanding how biogeochemical parameters impact HGT in freshwater lakes is an emerging knowledge gap with potential implications for ecosystem and human health on a global scale. In this review, we provide a general synopsis of what is known about HGT in freshwater prokaryotic communities, followed by an integrated summary of current knowledge identifying how biogeochemical factors may influence prokaryotic HGT in freshwater lacustrine systems.

关键词： Gene Transfer Freshwater Water Quality Prokaryotic Biogeochemistry

An Assessment of Flowering Dogwood (<i>Cornus florida</i>L.) Decline in the Eastern United States

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Open Journal of Forestry 2012年第2期2卷 41-53页

作者： christopher M. Oswalt Sonja n. Oswalt christopher W. Woodall Forest Inventory and Analysis United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service Southern Research Station Knoxville USA

Cornus florida L. is one of the most numerous tree species in the Eastern United States (US). Multiple studies have reported localized declines in C. florida populations following the intro-duction of the destructive fungus Discula destructiva Redlin (dogwood anthracnose), but few, if any, have documented changes in C. florida populations across the species’ entire natural range. Thus, a current assessment of the C. florida population in the Eastern US and implications for future sustainability is warranted. Our study’s goal was to present C. florida population estimates across the natural range of the species (Little, 1971) in the Eastern US for two periods based on state-level forest land inventories conducted by the US Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program. Rangewide, C. florida populations declined by approximately 49% over the time periods studied. At the State level, population declines occurred in 17 out of 30 states and biomass declines occurred in 20 out of 30 states studied. While declines were widespread in the substate units surrounding the Appalachians, the largest declines appeared to be centered within the Appalachian ecoregion.

关键词： Forest Inventory Population Decline Tree Disease Discula destructiva

Effective Variational Data Assimilation in Air-Pollution Prediction

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Big Data Mining and Analytics 2018年第4期1卷 297-307页

作者： Rossella Arcucci christopher Pain Yi-Ke Guo Data Science Institute Department of ComputingImperial College LondonLondonSW72AZUnited Kingdom Department of Earth Science&Engineering Imperial College LondonLondonSW72AZUnited Kingdom

numerical simulations are widely used as a predictive tool to better understand complex air flows and pollution transport on the scale of individual buildings,city blocks,and entire *** improve prediction for air flows and pollution transport,we propose a Variational Data Assimilation(VarDA)model which assimilates data from sensors into the open-source,finite-element,fluid dynamics model *** is based on the minimization of a function which estimates the discrepancy between numerical results and observations assuming that the two sources of information,forecast and observations,have errors that are adequately described by error covariance *** conditioning of the numerical problem is dominated by the condition number of the background error covariance matrix which is *** this paper,a preconditioned VarDA model is presented,it is based on a reduced background error covariance *** Empirical Orthogonal Functions(EOFs)method is used to alleviate the computational cost and reduce the space *** results are provided assuming observed values provided by sensors from positions mainly located on roofs of buildings.

关键词： data assimilation reduced order space big data preconditioning

Seasonal movements of American horseshoe crabs Limulus polyphemus in the Great Bay Estuary,new Hampshire (USA)

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Current Zoology 2010年第5期56卷 587-598页

作者： Susanne Y SCHALLER christopher C.CHABOT Winsor H.WATSOn Ⅲ Department of Biological Sciences University of New Hampshire Department of Biology Plymouth State University

The goal of this study was to determine the year round movement patterns of American horseshoe crabs,Limuluspolyphemus,in the Great Bay Estuary,new Hampshire (USA) by using acoustic telemetry to track the movements of 37 adultLimulus,for periods ranging from 2 to 31 *** the winter (December-March) horseshoe crabs moved very *** thespring,when water temperatures exceeded 11℃,horseshoe crabs moved at least 1 km further up into the estuary to shallowersubtidal areas about a month prior to *** mean distance traveled during spring migrations was 2.6 ± 0.5 (n=20) km upthe *** occurred in May and June and during these months animals spent most of their time in shallow subtidal areasadjacent to mating *** the summer (July-August),animals moved 1.5 ± 0.5 (n=26) km down the estuary,towards theocean,and ranged widely,using extensive portions of the *** the fall (September-november) movement was more limited(0.5 ± 0.5 km;n = 24) while animals settled into wintering locations,where they remained until *** mean annual linearrange for all animals was 4.5 ± 0.3 km (n =35) and the maximum distance traveled by an individual horseshoe crab within oneyear was 9.2 *** was no evidence that any of the horseshoe crabs tracked during this study left the

关键词：美国大湾布什季节性鲎美洲运动方式平均距离

莫西沙星对减少结膜囊细菌效果的临床实验研究

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中国实用眼科杂志 2008年第3期26卷 229-232页

作者：胡楠 christopher n. Ta 南通大学附属医院眼科南通226001 斯坦福大学医学院眼科

目的探讨术前应用0．5％莫西沙星眼药水对减少结膜囊细菌的效果。方法对96例（98只眼）行眼前节手术的患者，随机分为A、B两组，分别于术前3d和ld用0．5％莫西沙星眼药水点眼，用药及手术前后取结膜囊标本做肉汤培养基培养、血平板培养... 详细信息

目的探讨术前应用0．5％莫西沙星眼药水对减少结膜囊细菌的效果。方法对96例（98只眼）行眼前节手术的患者，随机分为A、B两组，分别于术前3d和ld用0．5％莫西沙星眼药水点眼，用药及手术前后取结膜囊标本做肉汤培养基培养、血平板培养及厌氧菌培养，对阳性结果行药物敏感性试验。结果肉汤培养结果示：用药3d或ld后（T1）A、B两组的结膜囊细菌阳性率均低于用药前（P=0.000），术前lh用药及聚维酮碘冲洗结膜囊后（T2），A、B两组的阳性率均低于TI（P=0．005；P=0．016），手术完成时（T3）A、B两组的阳性率与T2无差异（P=0．399；P=0．140），在各个时间点，A、B两组之间结膜囊细菌培养阳性率均差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05）。血平板培养结果示：用药后（T1）两组结膜囊细菌阳性率均明显下降（P〈0．001），CFUs〉10的菌株消失。厌氧菌培养结果示：用药后（T1）两组结膜囊细菌阳性率无明显下降（P＞0．05）。结论术前ld局部应用0．5％莫西沙星眼药水可以明显减少结膜囊需氧菌。

关键词：莫西沙星结膜囊细菌培养