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Engineering Novel Molecular Beacon Constructs to Study Intracellular RNA Dynamics and Localization

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2017年第5期15卷 279-286页

作者： Zhao ma Xiaotian Wu christopher J.krueger Antony k.Chen Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China Wallace H Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332 USA

With numerous advancements in novel biochemical techniques, our knowledge of the role of RNAs in the regulation of cellular physiology and pathology has grown significantly over the past several decades. Nevertheless, detailed information regarding RNA processing, trafficking, and localization in living cells has been lacking due to technical limitations in imaging single RNA transcripts in living cells with high spatial and temporal resolution. In this review, we discuss tech- niques that have shown great promise for single RNA imaging, followed by highlights in our recent work in the development of molecular beacons （MBs）, a class of nanoscale oligonucleotide-probes, for detecting individual RNA transcripts in living cells. With further refinement of MB design and development of more sophisticated fluorescence microscopy techniques, we envision that MB-based approaches could promote new discoveries of RNA functions and activities.

关键词： Y-O-methyl RNA Phosphorothioate Molecular beacon RNA dynamics Single-molecule RNAimaging

Feasible synthesis of porous h-BN by Mg^(2+)induced lattice dislocations for hydrogen and ammonia storage

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Nano Research 2025年第1期18卷 94-99页

作者： Xiaojia Huang Zihao Wang Yihan kong Li Jiang Baolin Wang Jiangtao Jia Heping ma Guangshan Zhu key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular material Chemistry of Ministry of Education Northeast Normal UniversityChangchun 130024China School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an 710049China

Hexagonal boron nitride(h-BN)is a two-dimensional(2D)layered material with a structure similar to graphite and it has potential as a hydrogen and ammonia storage ***,dense packing in the standard h-BN structure limits its surface area and prevents the B and N from being adsorption *** this study,the addition of Mg^(2+)during h-BN synthesis facilitated the growth of lattice dislocations and led to a crosslinked three-dimensional(3D)porous structure.A proposed formation mechanism for porous h-BN was confirmed by several characterization routes,most clearly by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy(HRTEM).Porous Mg/BNs exhibited high H_(2)and NH_(3)uptakes and showed potential for H_(2)and NH_(3)storage.

关键词： hexagonal boron nitride porous material dislocation gas storage

Impact of cash crop cultivation on household income and migration decisions:Evidence from low-income regions in China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2020年第10期19卷 2571-2581页

作者： LI Meng christopher GAN Wanglin ma Wei JIANG College of Economics Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002P.R.China Department of Financial and Business Systems Faculty of Agribusiness and CommerceLincoln UniversityLincoln 7647ChristchurchNew Zealand Department of Global Value Chains and Trade Faculty of Agribusiness and CommerceLincoln UniversityLincoln 7647ChristchurchNew Zealand Department of Ecosystem Science and management Pennsylvania State UniversityPA 16801USA

This study examines the impact of cash crop cultivation on household income and migration decisions,using survey data collected from low-income regions in *** farmers decide themselves whether to cultivate cash crops,an endogenous treatment regression model that accounts for potential selection bias issue is used to analyze the *** empirical results show that cash crop cultivation exerts a positive and statistically significant impact on household income,but it does not affect household migration decisions *** disaggregated analyses reveal that cash crop cultivation significantly increases farm income but decreases off-farm income.

关键词： cash crop cultivation household income migration decisions endogenous treatment regression model

Inhibition of retroviral Gag assembly by non-silencing miRNAs promotes autophagic viral degradation

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Protein & Cell 2018年第7期9卷 640-651页

作者： Na Qu Zhao ma Mengrao Zhang Muaz N. Rushdi christopher J. krueger Antony k. Chen Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China Wallace H Coulter Department of Biomedical-Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332 USA

We recently reported an unconventional mechanism by which miRNAs inhibit HIV-1 viral production. This occurs when miRNAs bind nonspecifically to the viral structural protein Gag, interfering with viral RNA-medi- ated Gag assembly at the plasma membrane. Conse- quently, misassembled viral complexes are redirected into the endocytic pathway where they are delivered to lysosomes for degradation. In this study, we demon- strate that autophagy is a critical mediator of the viral degradation pathway and that this pathway is not HIV-1 specific. Misassembled viral complexes were found to colocalize extensively with LC3 and p62 in late endo- somesllysosomes, demonstrating a convergence of autophagy with functional degradative compartments. knocking down autophagosome formation machineries reduced this convergence, while treatment with autop- hagy-inducer rapamycin enhanced the convergence. Furthermore, similar autophagy-dependent nonspecific miRNA inhibition of murine leukemia virus （MLV） assembly was shown. Overall, these results reveal autophagy as a crucial regulator of the retroviral degradation pathway in host cells initiated by non- specific miRNA-Gag interactions. These findings could have significant implications for understanding how cells may regulate retroviral complex assembly by miRNA expression and autophagy, and raise the possi- bility that similar regulations can occur in other biolog- ical contexts.

关键词： microRNA Gag protein autophagy

Varicella zoster meningitis complicating combined anti-tumor necrosis factor and corticosteroid therapy in Crohn's disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第21期19卷 3347-3351页

作者： christopher ma Brennan Walters Richard N Fedorak Division of Gastroenterology University of AlbertaEdmontonAL T6G 2X8Canada

Opportunistic viral infections are a well-recognized complication of anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) therapy for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Cases of severe or atypical varicella zoster virus infection, both primary and latent reactivation, have been described in association with immunosuppression of Crohn's disease (CD) patients. However, central nervous system varicella zoster virus infections have been rarely described, and there are no previous reports of varicella zoster virus meningitis associated with anti-TNF therapy among the CD population. Here, we present the case of a 40-year-old male with severe ileocecal-CD who developed a reactivation of dermatomal herpes zoster after treatment with prednisone and adalimumab. The reactivation presented as debilitating varicella zoster virus meningitis, which was not completely resolved despite aggressive antiviral therapy with prolonged intravenous acyclovir and subsequent oral valacyclovir. This is the first reported case of opportunistic central nervous system varicella zoster infection complicating anti-TNF therapy in the CD population. This paper also reviews the literature on varicella zoster virus infections of immunosuppressed IBD patients and the importance of vaccination prior to initiation of anti-TNF therapy.

关键词： Varicella zoster virus Meningitis Crohn’s disease Adalimumab Infliximab corticosteroids Antitumor necrosis factor

Embryonic and post-embryonic responses to high-elevation hypoxia in a low-elevation lizard

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Integrative Zoology 2020年第4期15卷 338-348页

作者： Xinghan LI Pengfei WU Liang ma christopher HUEBNER Baojun SUN Shuran LI College of Life and Environmental Science Wenzhou UniversityWenzhouChina key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Chinese Academy of SciencesInstitute of ZoologyBeijingChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina Department of Integrative Biology University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA

Low-elevation species can migrate toward higher elevations to survive in a warming ***,animals’responses to hypoxia when migrating to high elevations have rarely been *** identify the response of lowelevation lizards to high-elevation hypoxia,we collected field body temperatures(Tfb)and operative temperatures(Te)of lizards(Eremias argus)from a low-elevation population(1036 m)and a high-elevation population(2036 m),and then determined adult thermal physiology,embryonic development,and hatchling phenotypes after acclimating low-elevation lizards and incubating their eggs in conditions mimicking the low-elevation oxygen condition(18.5%O2)and high-elevation oxygen(hypoxic)condition(16.5%O2).Our study revealed that Tfb and Te were higher for the low-elevation population compared to the high-elevation *** also found adults from low elevation acclimated to hypoxia preferred lower body temperatures,but did not show changes in locomotor performance or *** addition,hypoxia did not affect embryonic development(hatching time and success)or hatchling phenotypes(body size and locomotor performance).These results suggest that adult lizards from low elevations can respond to hypoxia-induced stress when migrating to high elevations by behaviorally thermoregulating to lower body temperatures in order to sustain normal ***,low-elevation embryos can develop normally(with unchanged hatching success and offspring phenotypes)under the high-elevation hypoxic *** study highlights that low-elevation populations of a species that inhabits a range of elevations can buffer the impact of high-elevation hypoxic conditions to some degree and thus attain similar fitness to the source population.

关键词： climate warming high elevation hypoxia oviparous lizard thermal preference

Assessing volcanic origins within detrital zircon populations——A case study from the Mesozoic non-volcanic margin of southern Australia

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Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第4期10卷 1371-1381页

作者： Milo Barham christopher L. kirkland martin Danisík Centre for Exploration Targeting (CET)- Curtin Node The Institute for Geoscience Research (TIGeR)School of Earth and Planetary SciencesCurtin UniversityGPO Box U1987PerthWA 6845Australia GeoHistory Facility John de Laeter CenterCurtin UniversityGPO Box U1987PerthWA 6845Australia

Detrital zircon U/Pb geochronology is a common tool used to resolve stratigraphic questions,inform basin evolution and constrain regional geological *** favourable circumstances,detrital zircon populations can contain a concomitant volcanic contribution that provides constraints on the age of ***,for non-volcanic settings,proving isolated detrital zircon grains are from contemporaneous and potentially remote volcanism is *** we use same grain(U-Th)/He thermochronology coupled with U/Pb geochronology to identify detrital zircon grains of contemporary volcanic origin.(U-Th)/He ages from Cretaceous zircon grains in southern Australia define a single population with a weighted mean age of 104±6.1 *** from zircon U/Pb geochronology and palynology(~104.0-107.5 ma).Detrital zircon trace-element geochemistry is consistent with a continental signature for parent rocks and coupled with detrital grain ages,supports derivation from a>2000 km distant early-to mid-Cretaceous Whitsunday Volcanic Province in eastern ***,integration of biostratigraphy,single-grain zircon double-dating(geochronology and thermochronology)and grain geochemistry enhances fingerprinting of zircon source region and transport history.A distal volcanic source and rapid continental-scale transport to southern Australia is supported here.

关键词： Provenance Grain history Thermochronology Geochronology Source to sink Trace-elements

Mechanisms of inducible resistance against Bacillus thuringiensis endotoxins in invertebrates

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Insect Science 2005年第5期12卷 319-330页

作者： GANG ma MUHAMmaD SARJAN christopher PRESTON SASSAN ASGARI OTTO SCHMIDT Plant and Pest Science Faculty of Sciences the University of Adelaide Glen Osmond South Australia Australia Faculty of Agriculture University of Mataram Lombok Indonesia School of Integrative Biology University of Queensland St Lucia Queensland Australia

Resistance in insect pests against the endotoxin of Bacillus thuringiensis （Berliner）（Bt） is a major threat to the usefulness of this biopesticide, both used as traditional formulations and in transgenic crops. A crucial requirement for the development of successful resistance management strategies is a molecular understanding of the nature and inheritance of resistance mechanisms. This information can be used to design management strategies that will delay or counteract Bt resistance. The best known Bt resistance mechanism is inactivation of brush border membrane receptors. This type of resistance has a largely recessive mode of inheritance, which has enabled the design of resistance management approaches involving high dose and refuge strategies. Recent observations suggest that other resistance mechanisms are possible, including a mechanism that sequesters the toxin in the gut lumen through inducible immune reactions. The elevated immune status associated with tolerance to the toxin can be transmitted to subsequent generations by a maternal effect, which has implications for resistance management in the field. The high dose/refuge strategy may not be appropriate for the management of these alternative resistance mechanisms and other strategies have to be developed if inducible dominant resistance or tolerance mechanisms occur frequently in the field.

关键词： Bacillus thuringiensis crystal toxin innate immunity melanization resistance mechanism

Experimental study and numerical simulation on compressive buckling behavior of thin steel skins in unilateral contact with rigid constraints

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2011年第3期5卷 335-343页

作者： Nicholas kEAGE christopher maIOLO Rebecca PIEROTTI Xing ma School of Natural and Built Environments University of South AustraliaAdelaide 5001Australia

In this paper,a practical test and finite element analysis has been undertaken to further investigate the effects of contact buckling.A test rig was designed and constructed to record vertical and transverse deflections of compressively loaded steel skin *** boundary conditions were modeled as fully fixed.A finite element analysis was also undertaken using the software package *** from both analyses have been examined and compared to data established from previous studies on contact *** the finite element analysis and practical results correlate well with this *** result of the investigation has confirmed contact buckling theories and has foreshadowed the onset of the newly observed phenomenon of secondary contact buckling.

关键词： compressive buckling thin steel skins unilateral contact rigid constraints