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Understanding the impact of disease and vaccine mechanisms on the importance of optimal vaccine allocation

Infectious Disease modelling 2023年第2期8卷 539-550页

作者： Isobel R.Abell James m.mcCaw christopher m.baker School of mathematics and Statistics The University of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia melbourne Centre for Data Science The University of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics Melbourne School of Population and Global HealthThe University of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity The Royal Melbourne Hospital and the University of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia Centre of Excellence for Biosecurity Risk Analysis The University of MelbourneMelbourneAustralia

Vaccination is an important epidemic intervention ***,it is generally unclear how the outcomes of different vaccine strategies change depending on population characteristics,vaccine mechanisms and allocation *** this paper we develop a conceptual mathematical model to simulate strategies for pre-epidemic *** extend the SEIR model to incorporate a range of vaccine mechanisms and disease *** then compare the outcomes of optimal and suboptimal vaccination strategies for three public health objectives(total infections,total symptomatic infections and total deaths)using numerical *** comparison shows that the difference in outcomes between vaccinating optimally and suboptimally depends on vaccine mechanisms,disease characteristics,and objective *** modelling finds vaccines that impact transmission produce better outcomes as transmission is reduced for all *** vaccines that impact the likelihood of symptomatic disease or dying due to infection,the improvement in outcome as we decrease these variables is dependent on the strategy *** a principled model-based process,this work highlights the importance of designing effective vaccine allocation *** conclude that efficient allocation of resources can be just as crucial to the success of a vaccination strategy as the vaccine effectiveness and/or amount of vaccines available.

关键词： mathematical modelling Epidemiology

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Extracellular matrix-templating fibrous hydrogels promote ovarian tissue remodeling and oocyte growth

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Bioactive materials 2024年第2期32卷 292-303页

作者： Claire E.Nason-Tomaszewski Emily E.Thomas Daniel L.matera Brendon m.baker Ariella Shikanov Department of Biomedical Engineering University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA Department of Chemical Engineering University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA Cellular and molecular Biology Program University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA

Synthetic matrices which mimic the extracellular composition of native tissue create a comprehensive model for studying development and ***,we have engineered a composite material which retains cell-secreted ECm for the culture of ovarian follicles by embedding electrospun dextran fibers functionalized with basement membrane binder(BmB)peptide in PEG *** the presence of ECm-sequestering fibers,encapsulated immature primordial follicles and ovarian stromal cells aggregated into large organoid-like structures with dense deposition of laminin,perlecan,and collagen I,leading to steroidogenesis and significantly greater rates of oocyte survival and *** determined that cell aggregation restored key cell-cell interactions critical for oocyte survival,whereas oocyte growth was dependent on cell-matrix interactions achieved in the presence of *** we have shown that sequestration and retention of cell-secreted ECm along synthetic fibers mimics fibrous ECm structure and restores the cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions critical for engineering an artificial ovary.

关键词： Biomimetic matrix Ovarian follicle Fibrous hydrogels

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A comprehensive framework for the delimitation of species within the Bemisia tabaci cryptic complex,a global pest-species group

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Insect Science 2025年第1期32卷 321-342页

作者： Hua-Ling Wang Teng Lei Xiao-Wei Wang Stephen Cameron Jesús Navas-Castillo Yin-Quan Liu m.N.maruthi christopher A.Omongo Hélène Delatte Kyeong-Yeoll Lee Renate Krause-Sakate James Ng Susan Seal Elvira Fiallo-Olivé Kathryn Bushley John Colvin Shu-Sheng Liu College of Forestry Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaodingHebei ProvinceChina The ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of molec ular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects Institute of Insect SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina Natural Resources Institute University of GreenwichKentUK College of Life Sciences Taizhou UniversityTaizhouZhejiang ProvinceChina Department of Entomology Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y mediterranea"La mayora"(IHSmUmA-CsiC) Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientificasMalagaSpain National Crops Resources Research Institute KampalaUganda CIRAD UMR PVBMT CIRADPole de Protection des PlantesSaint-PierreFrance School of Applied Biosciences Kyungpook National UniversityDaeguRepublic of Korea uNESP Faculdade de Ciencias AgronomicasBotucatuBrazil Department of microbiology and Plant Pathology University of CaliforniaRiversideCA uSDA Agricultural Research Service 17123Emerging Pests and Pathogens Research UnitIthacaNYUSA

Identifying cryptic species poses a substantial challenge to both biologists and naturalists due to morphological *** tabaci is a cryptic species complex containing more than 44 putative species;several of which are currently among the world's most destructive crop *** and delimiting the evolution of this species complex has proved *** develop a comprehensive framework for species delimitation and identification,we evaluated the performance of distinct data sources both individually and in combination among numerous samples of the *** species complex acquired *** datasets include full mitogenomes,single-copy nuclear genes,restriction site-associated DNA sequencing,geographic range,host speciation,and reproductive compatibility ***,our well-supported topologies generated from three dense molecular markers highlighted the evolutionary divergence of species of the *** complex and suggested that the nuclear markers serve as a more accurate representation of *** species *** compatibility datasets facilitated the identification of at least 17 different cryptic species within our *** geographic range information provides a complementary assessment of species recognition,while the host range datasets provide low rate of delimiting *** further summarized different data performances in species classification when compared with reproductive compatibility,indicating that combination of mtCOI divergence,nuclear markers,geographic range provide a complementary assessment of species ***,we represent a model for understanding and untangling the cryptic species complexes based on the evidence from this study and previously published articles.

关键词： Bemisia tabaci cryptic species phylogenetics RAD-Seq reproductive compatibility whiteflies

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Cross-Polarized GPR Imaging of Fracture Flow Channeling

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Journal of Earth Science 2015年第6期26卷 776-784页

作者： Georgios P.Tsoflias christopher Perll matthew baker matthew W.Becker Department of Geology the University of Kansas Chesapeake Energy marathon Oil Corporation California State University Long Beach

Ground penetrating radar（GPR） can be used to image fractures and monitor fluid flow in the subsurface. Conventional GPR imaging uses single-polarization, co-polarized acquisition. We examine the use of cross-polarized GPR signals for imaging flow channeling in a discrete horizontal fracture. Numerical modeling（FDTD） demonstrates that when the fracture channel is oriented at an oblique angle to the survey line, depolarization of the GPR signal results in scattered energy along the cross-polarized components. When the channel is oriented parallel or orthogonal to the survey line, all scattered energy is captured by the co-polarized components and no signal is present in the cross-polarized orientation. multipolarization, time-lapse 3D GPR field data were acquired at the Altona Flat Rock test site in New York State. The GPR surveys were conducted during background fresh fracture water conditions and during a natural gradient saline tracer test which was used to highlight flow channels along a sub-horizontal fracture. Amplitude analysis of the cross-polarized data reveals flow channeling that is in agreement with the co-polarized GPR images and with independent hydraulic tests. This investigation demonstrates that cross-polarized components of GPR signals can be used to enhance imaging of flow channels in fractured media.

关键词： GPR single-polarization cross-polarized data rapid flow saline tracer fractured rock.

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Assessing risks from mining-induced ground movements near gas wells

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International Journal of mining Science and Technology 2020年第1期30卷 11-16页

作者： christopher mark Gregory m.Rumbaugh mine Safety and Health Administration PittsburghPAUSA

The proliferation of unconventional gas well development in the Northern Appalachian coalfields has raised a number of mine safety *** wells,which extract gas from deep shale formations,are characterized by gas volumes and pressures that are significantly higher than those observed at many conventional *** gas is composed largely of methane as well as other *** of planned and actively producing wells penetrate protective coal pillars or barriers within active mine boundaries,including chain pillars located between longwall *** released from a well damaged by mining-induced ground movements could pose a risk to miners by flowing into the mine *** mining-induced ground movements that may cause well damage include conventional subsidence,non-conventional subsidence(*** plane slip),pillar failure,and floor *** paper describes the known risk factors for each of the four failure *** includes a framework that can guide the risk assessment process when mining takes place near gas or oil wells.

关键词： Gas well Subsidence Coal protection pillar Risk matrix Longwall mining

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Comparison of mRI Under-Sampling Techniques for Compressed Sensing with Translation Invariant Wavelets Using FastTestCS: A Flexible Simulation Tool

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Journal of Signal and Information Processing 2016年第4期7卷 252-271页

作者： christopher baker Departments of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Milwaukee Wisconsin USA

A sparsifying transform for use in Compressed Sensing (CS) is a vital piece of image reconstruction for magnetic Resonance Imaging (mRI). Previously, Translation Invariant Wavelet Transforms (TIWT) have been shown to perform exceedingly well in CS by reducing repetitive line pattern image artifacts that may be observed when using orthogonal wavelets. To further establish its validity as a good sparsifying transform, the TIWT is comprehensively investigated and compared with Total Variation (TV), using six under-sampling patterns through simulation. Both trajectory and random mask based under-sampling of mRI data are reconstructed to demonstrate a comprehensive coverage of tests. Notably, the TIWT in CS reconstruction performs well for all varieties of under-sampling patterns tested, even for cases where TV does not improve the mean squared error. This improved Image Quality (IQ) gives confidence in applying this transform to more CS applications which will contribute to an even greater speed-up of a CS mRI scan. High vs low resolution time of flight mRI CS re-constructions are also analyzed showing how partial Fourier acquisitions must be carefully addressed in CS to prevent loss of IQ. In the spirit of reproducible research, novel software is introduced here as FastTestCS. It is a helpful tool to quickly develop and perform tests with many CS customizations. Easy integration and testing for the TIWT and TV minimization are exemplified. Simulations of 3D mRI datasets are shown to be efficiently distributed as a scalable solution for large studies. Comparisons in reconstruction computation time are made between the Wavelab toolbox and Gnu Scientific Library in FastTestCS that show a significant time savings factor of 60×. The addition of FastTestCS is proven to be a fast, flexible, portable and reproducible simulation aid for CS research.

关键词： Compressed Sensing Translation Invariant Wavelet Simulation Software Total Variation l1 minimization

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Sparse Representation by Frames with Signal Analysis

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Journal of Signal and Information Processing 2016年第1期7卷 39-48页

作者： christopher baker Department of EE & CS University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Milwaukee WI USA

The use of frames is analyzed in Compressed Sensing (CS) through proofs and experiments. First, a new generalized Dictionary-Restricted Isometry Property (D-RIP) sparsity bound constant for CS is established. Second, experiments with a tight frame to analyze sparsity and reconstruction quality using several signal and image types are shown. The constant is used in fulfilling the definition of D-RIP. It is proved that k-sparse signals can be reconstructed if by using a concise and transparent argument1. The approach could be extended to obtain other D-RIP bounds (i.e. ). Experiments contrast results of a Gabor tight frame with Total Variation minimization. In cases of practical interest, the use of a Gabor dictionary performs well when achieving a highly sparse representation and poorly when this sparsity is not achieved.

关键词： Compressed Sensing Total Variation minimization l1-Analysis D-Restricted Isometry Property Tight Frames

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Influence of residual stresses on failure pressure of cylindrical pressure vessels

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2013年第6期26卷 1415-1421页

作者： m.Jeyakumar T.christopher Department of mechanical Engineering Sardar Raja College of EngineeringAlangulamTirunelveli 627 808India Department of mechanical Engineering Government College of EngineeringTirunelveli 627 007India

The utilization of pressure vessels in aerospace applications is *** this work,fnite element analysis（FEA）has been carried out using ANSYS software package with 2D axisymmetric model to access the failure pressure of cylindrical pressure vessel made of ASTm A36 carbon steel having weld-induced residual *** fnd out the effect of residual stresses on failure pressure,frst an elasto-plastic analysis is performed to fnd out the failure pressure of pressure vessel not having residual *** a thermo-mechanical fnite element analysis is performed to assess the residual stresses developed in the pressure vessel during *** one more elasto-plastic analysis is performed to assess the effect of residual stresses on failure pressure of the pressure vessel having residual *** analysis indicates reduction in the failure pressure due to unfavorable residual stresses.

关键词： Aerospace engineering ASTm A36 Finite element analysis Pressure vessels Welding residual stress

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Surface Characterisation of Silicon Based mEmS

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2004年第4期20卷 407-410页

作者： LI J. CUI Z m. A. baker The Surface Analysis Laboratory School of Engineering University of SurreyRutherford Appleton LaboratoryThe Surface Analysis Laboratory School of Engineering University of Surrey Guildford GU2 7XH UKChilton Didcot UKGuildford GU2 7XH UK

Polysilicon microelectromechanical systems(mEmS) are the subject of intensive researches. Surface chemistry and topography of a mEmS test structure fabricated at Sandia National Laboratory, USA, were studied by means of scanning electron microscopy(SEm), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) and atomic force microscopy(AFm). XPS C_ 1sand Si_ 2pspectra from the polysilicon components, silicon nitride substrate and a reference silicon wafer were compared. The results confirm the presence of a self-assembled monolayer(SAm) on the mEmS surface. An island-like morphology was found on both polysilicon and silicon nitride surfaces of the mEmS. The islands take the form of caps, being up to 0.5 μm in diameter and 20 nm in height. It is concluded that the co-existence of columnar growth and equiaxed growth during the low pressure chemical vapor deposition(LPCVD) of these layers leads to the observed morphology and the islands are caps to the columnar structures.

关键词： microelectromechanical systems XPS Atomic force microscopy

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对硬度测试的过程控制

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中国检验检测 1992年第1期 38-39页

作者： Gordon m.baker 许庆

1.前言硬度测试正迅速加入到监测一过程 CPk值的测量行列中来,在±2点 Rockwell C（Rc）的硬度容差时,根据最近提出的16.7C_(Pk 的要求,稳定的硬度标准的重要性变得很明显。没有人希望去维持严格的过程控制限而没有稳定的测量标准。对... 详细信息

1.前言硬度测试正迅速加入到监测一过程 CPk值的测量行列中来,在±2点 Rockwell C（Rc）的硬度容差时,根据最近提出的16.7C_(Pk 的要求,稳定的硬度标准的重要性变得很明显。没有人希望去维持严格的过程控制限而没有稳定的测量标准。对任何高级监测程序而言,一致的测量方

关键词：硬度测试所有过程控制计算机控制金刚石压头

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