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Metabolic and performance responses of male runners wearing 3 types of footwear: Nike Vaporfly 4%, Saucony Endorphin racing flats, and their own shoes

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j.urnal of Sport and Health Science 2022年第3期11卷 275-284页

作者： Kim Hébert-Losier Steven j.Finlayson Matthew W.Driller Blaise Dubois j.an-François Esculier christopher Martyn Beaven Division of Health EngineeringComputing and ScienceTe Huataki Waiora School of HealthUniversity of WaikatoMount MaunganuiTauranga 3116New Zealand Sport and Exercise Science School of Allied HealthHuman Services and SportLa Trobe UniversityMelbourneVIC 3086Australia Research&Development the Running ClinicLac-BeauportQC G3B 2J8Canada

Purpose We compared running economy(RE)and 3-km time-trial(TT)variables of runners wearing Nike Vaporfly 4%(VP4),Saucony Endorphin lightweight racing flats(FLAT),and their habitual running(OWN)*** Eighteen male recreational runners(age=33.5±11.9 year(mean±SD),peak oxygen uptake(VO_(2peak))=55.8±4.4 mL/kg·min)attended 4 sessions approximately 7 days *** first session consisted of a VO_(2peak) test to inform subsequent RE speeds set at 60%,70%,and 80%of the speed eliciting *** subsequent sessions,treadmill RE and 3-km TTs were assessed in the 3 footwear conditions in a randomized,counterbalanced crossover *** Oxygen consumption(mL/kg·min)was less in VP4(from 4.3%to 4.4%,p≤0.002)and FLAT(from 2.7%to 3.4%,p≤0.092)*** across intensities,with a non-significant difference between VP4 and FLAT(1.0%-1.7%,p≥0.292).Findings related to energy cost(W/kg)and energetics cost of transport(j.kg·m)were ***43-km TT performance(11:07.6±0:56.6 mm:ss)was enhanced *** by 16.6 s(2.4%,p=0.005)and *** by 13.0 s(1.8%,p=0.032).The 3-km times between OWN and FLAT(0.5%,p=0.747)were *** runners(n=11,61%)ran their fastest TT in *** Overall,VP4 improved laboratory-based RE measures in male recreational runners at relative speeds compared to OWN,but the RE improvements in VP4 were not significant *** runners exhibited better treadmill TT performances in VP4(61%)***(22%)and OWN(17%).The variability in RE(-10.3%to 13.3%)and TT(-4.7%to 9.3%)improvements suggests that responses to different types of shoes are individualized and warrant further investigation.

关键词： Footwear Individual responses Minimalist Physiology Running

Vestibular migraine in low-and lower-middle-income countries:A scoping review

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j.urnal of Otology 2023年第3期18卷 173-184页

作者： Eric K.Kim Amina Seguya May Htoo Thaw Peggy Tahir Eric j.Formeister christopher j.Waterworth Ali F.j.ffer The Global Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Initiative USA Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA Ear Nose and Throat SurgeonMulago National Referral HospitalKampalaUganda Eye ORL-HNS HospitalMandalayMyanmar UCSF Library University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCAUSA Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Duke UniversityDurhamNCUSA Department of Audiology and Speech Pathology The University of MelbourneVictoriaAustralia Nossal Institute for Global Health University of MelbourneVictoriaAustralia HearWell Audiology Clinic Dar es SalaamTanzania

Background:Vestibular migraine(VM)is a common cause of dizziness that is underrecognized,underdiagnosed,and challenging to effectively *** prevalence,appropriate diagnostic workup,and therapies for VM in low-and lower-middle-income countries(LLMICs)remain *** obj.ctive of this scoping review is to evaluate the current state of VM research in ***:PubMed,Embase,and Web of Science databases were searched to execute a scoping review of ***“vestibular diseases”and“vertigo”were used in combination with terms referring to LLMICs as defined by the World *** and abstract screening,full-text review,and data collection were conducted by two authors ***:Twenty-six studies were included in the scoping *** studies were cross-sectional(57.7%)or case studies/series(23.1%)and were conducted in urban settings only(92.3%).Geographic distribution of studies was skewed,with 65.4%of articles originating from *** prevalence of VM among clinic patients ranged from 0.3%to 33.3%.VM most frequently presented as headache,nausea and vomiting,and *** imaging,audiometry,and electronystagmography/videonystagmography were the three most commonly utilized diagnostic modalities in the dizziness *** most studied pharmacotherapies included calcium channel blockers,followed by beta-blockers and *** studies and series discussed less common VM pharmacotherapies,such as ayurvedic ***:There is a need for more VM research in LLMICs,including innovative diagnostic approaches and therapies that can improve VM care *** partnerships between LLMIC and highincome country researchers must expand vestibular research capacity and productivity in LLMICs.

关键词： Vestibular migraine Migraine Global Otolaryngology Scoping review

Colonoscopic polypectomy and associated techniques

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World j.urnal of Gastroenterology 2010年第29期16卷 3630-3637页

作者： christopher j.Fyock Peter V Draganov Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionUniversity of Florida

Polypectomy of colonic polyps has been shown to reduce the risk of colon cancer development and is considered a fundamental skill for all endoscopists who perform colonoscopy.A variety of polypectomy techniques and devices are available,and their use can vary greatly based on local availability and *** general,cold forceps and cold snare have been the polypectomy methods of choice for smaller polyps,and hot snare has been the method of choice for larger *** use of hot forceps has mostly fallen out of *** for difficult to remove polyps may require the use of special devices and advanced techniques and has continued to *** a result,the vast maj.rity of polyps today can be removed *** electrocautery is frequently used for polypectomy,endoscopists should be thoroughly familiar with the basic principles of electrosurgery as it pertains to *** of a polypectomy site is an important adj.nct to polypectomy and can greatly facilitate future surgery or endoscopic *** two most common post-polypectomy complications are bleeding and *** incidence can be decreased with the use of meticulous polypectomy techniques and the application of some prophylactic *** review will examine the technique of polypectomy and its complications from the perspective of the practicing gastroenterologist.

关键词： Colonic polyp Polypectomy Colonoscopy Polypectomy technique Complications

Transcriptional Control of SET DOMAIN GROUP 8 and CAROTENOID ISOMERASE during Arabidopsis Development

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Molecular Plant 2010年第1期3卷 174-191页

作者： christopher I. Cazzonelli Andrea C. Roberts Melanie E. Carmody Barry j. Pogson Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology Research School of Biology The Australian National University Canberra ACT0200 Australia

Carotenoids are pigments required for photosynthesis, photoprotection and the production of carotenoid- derived hormones such as ABA and strigolactones. The carotenoid biosynthetic pathway bifurcates after lycopene to produce epsilon- and beta-carotenoids and this branch is critical for determining carotenoid composition. Here, we show how the branch point can be regulated by the chromatin-modifying histone methyltransferase, Set Domain Group 8 （SDG8） targeting the carotenoid isomerase （CRTISO）. SDG8 is required to maintain permissive expression of CRTISO during seedling development, in leaves, shoot apex, and some floral organs. The CRTISO and SDG8 promoters show overlapping tissue-specific patterns of reporter gene activity. Interestingly, CRTISO showed atypical reporter gene expression in terms of greater variability between different lines compared to the Cauliflower Mosaic Virus 35S promoter （CaMV35s） and ~LCY promoters, potentially due to chromosomal position effects. Regulation of the CRTISO promoter was dependent in part upon the presence or absence of SDG8. Knockouts of SDG8 （carotenoid and chloroplast regulation （ccrl）） and CRTISO （ccr2） result in altered carotenoid composition and this could be restored in ccr2 using the CaMV35s or CRTISO promoters. In contrast, varying degrees of GUS expression and carotenoid complementation by CRTISO overexpression using CaMV35S or CRTISO promoters in the ccrl background demonstrated that both the CRTISO promoter and open reading frame are necessary for SDG8-mediated expression of CRTISO.

关键词： Photosynthesis secondary metabolism--terpenoids, isoprenoids, and carotenoids chloroplast biology epigenetics gene expression gene regulation.

A Ring-Reinforced Right Ventricle to Pulmonary Artery Conduit Is Associated with Better Regional Mechanics after Stage I Norwood Operation

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Congenital Heart Disease 2022年第5期17卷 591-603页

作者： Benj.min Zielonka David M.Harrild Sunil j.Ghelani Eleni G.Elia christopher W.Baird Andrew j.Powell Rahul H.Rathod Department of Cardiology Boston Children’s HospitalBostonUSA Department of Pediatrics Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUSA Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Boston Children’s HospitalBostonUSA Department of Surgery Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUSA

Background:The right ventricle to pulmonary artery conduit(RVPAC)may impair right ventricular(RV)function in patients with functional single right *** of the RVPAC using a ring-reinforced end with dunked insertion into the RV through a limited ventriculotomy may reduce the impact on RV *** compared RV segmental strain between patients with a traditional RVPAC and ring-reinforced RVPAC using feature tracking cardiovascular magnetic resonance(CMR)***:Patients with CMR examinations after Stage I operation with RVPAC between 2000 and 2018 were *** mass,volumes,late gadolinium enhancement(LGE),and peak radial and circumferential strain of the 4 segments near the RVPAC insertion site were ***:The study included 71 CMR examinations in 61 patients(30 traditional RVPAC,31 ring-reinforced RVPAC).Prior to Stage II,the ring-reinforced RVPAC group had better peak radial strain and circumferential strain in 1 of 4 segments proximal to the RVPAC insertion site compared to the traditional RVPAC *** to Stage III operation,the ring-reinforced group had better peak radial and circumferential strain in 2 of 4 *** at the RVPAC insertion site was observed in 97%of patients before Stage II and 95%of patients before Stage *** type and regional strain were not associated with transplant-free survival during a median follow-up of 6.3 ***:Compared to a traditional RVPAC,the ring-reinforced RVPAC is associated with improved regional mechanics at the conduit insertion *** investigation of long-term outcomes after ring-reinforced RVPAC is warranted.

关键词： Single ventricle hypoplastic left heart syndrome cardiovascular magnetic resonance feature tracking

Characterization of gut microbiome and metabolome in Helicobacter pylori patients in an underprivileged community in the United States

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World j.urnal of Gastroenterology 2021年第33期27卷 5575-5594页

作者： Brian white j.hn D Sterrett Zoya Grigoryan Lauren Lally j.red D Heinze Hyder Alikhan christopher A Lowry Lark j.Perez j.shua DeSipio Sangita Phadtare Department of Biomedical Sciences Cooper Medical School of Rowan UniversityCamdenNJ 08103United States Department of Integrative Physiology University of Colorado BoulderBoulderCO 80309United States Department of Internal Medicine Lenox Hill HospitalNYCNY 10075United States Department of Internal Medicine Thomas Jefferson University HospitalPhiladelphiaPA 19107United States Department of Biological Sciences Rowan UniversityGlassboroNJ 08028United States Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Rowan UniversityGlassboroNJ 08028United States Department of Gastroenterology Cooper University HospitalCamdenNJ 08103United States

BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori(***),a bacterium that infects approximately half of the world’s population,is associated with various gastrointestinal diseases,including peptic ulcers,non-ulcer dyspepsia,gastric adenocarcinoma,and gastric *** the burden of antibiotic resistance increases,the need for new adj.nct therapies designed to facilitate *** eradication and reduce negative distal outcomes associated with infection has become more *** of the interactions between ***,the fecal microbiome,and fecal fatty acid metabolism,as well as the mechanisms underlying these interactions,may offer new therapeutic *** To characterize the gut microbiome and metabolome in *** patients in a socioeconomically challenged and underprivileged inner-city *** Stool samples from 19 *** patients and 16 control subj.cts were analyzed.16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed on normalized pooled amplicons using the Illumina MiSeq System using a MiSeq reagent kit *** and beta diversity analyses were performed in QIIME ***-targeted fatty acid analysis of the samples was carried out using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,which measures the total content of 30 fatty acids in stool after conversion into their corresponding fatty acid methyl ***-dimensional scaling(MDS)was performed on Bray-Curtis distance matrices created from both the metabolomics and microbiome datasets and a Procrustes test was performed on the metabolomics and microbiome MDS *** Fecal microbiome analysis showed that alpha diversity was lowest in *** patients over 40 years of age compared to control subj.cts of similar age *** diversity analysis of the samples revealed significant differences in microbial community structure between *** patients and control subj.cts across all ***-eight and six taxa had lower and higher relative abundance in *** patients,*** that were e

关键词： Gut microbiome Metabolome Helicobacter pylori Antibiotic resistance Dysbiosis Eradication

Insights into the role of j.smonic acid-mediated defenses against necrotrophic and biotrophic fungal pathogens

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Frontiers in Biology 2012年第1期7卷 48-56页

作者： christopher j. ANTICO Chad COLON Taylor BANKS Katrina M. RAMONELL Department of Biological Sciences University of Alabama Tuscaloosa AL 35487 USA

j.smonic acid （j.） is a natural hormone regulator involved in development, responses against woundingand pathogen attack. Upon perception of pathogens, j. is synthesized and mediates a signaling cascade initiating various defense responses. Traditionally, necrotrophic fungi have been shown to be the primary activators of j.- dependent defenses through the j.-receptor, COIl. Conversely, plants infected with biotrophic fungi have classically been associated with suppressing j.-mediated responses. However, recent evidence has shown that certain biotrophic fungal species also trigger activation of j.-mediated responses and mutants deficient in j. signaling show an increase in susceptibility to certain biotrophic fungal pathogens. These findings suggest a new role for j. in defense against fungal biotrophs. This review will focus on recent research advancing our knowledge of j.-dependant responses involved in defense against both biotrophic and necrotrophic fungi.

关键词： j.smonic acid (j.) methyl j.smonate (Mej.) biotrophic fungi necrotrophic fungi COIl

Appearance of aseptic vascular grafts after endovascular aortic repair on[(18)F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography

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世界放射学杂志:英文版(电子版) 2023年第8期15卷 241-249页

作者： Paige Bennett Maria Bernadette Tomas christopher F Koch Kenneth j.Nichols christopher j.Palestro Department of Radiology LIJMC Northwell HealthNew Hyde ParkNY 11040United States Department of Radiology Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/NorthwellHempsteadNY 11549United States Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Department of RadiologyNorthwell HealthNew Hyde ParkNY 11040United States

BACKGROUND Diagnosis of prosthetic vascular graft infection with[(18)F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography(18F-FDG PET/CT)allows for early detection of functional changes associated with infection,based on increased glucose utilization by activated macrophages and *** vascular grafts,like all foreign bodies,can stimulate an inflammatory response,which can present as increased activity on 18F-FDG PET/***,distinguishing aseptic inflammation from graft infection,though important,can be *** the case of endovascular aneurysm repair(EVAR),a minimally invasive procedure involving the transfemoral insertion of an endoprosthetic stent graft,the normal postoperative appearance of these grafts on 18F-FDG PET/CT can vary over time,potentially confounding study *** To investigate the visual,semiquantitative,and temporal characteristics of aseptic vascular grafts in patients status post *** In this observational retrospective cohort study,patients with history of EVAR who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT for indications other than infection were identified *** patients were asymptomatic for graft infection-no abdominal pain,fever of unknown origin,sepsis,or leukocytosis-at the time of imaging and for≥2 mo after each PET/*** studies such as CT for each patient were also reviewed,and any patients with suspected or confirmed vascular graft infection were *** hundred two scans performed on 43 patients(34 males;9 females;age=77±8 years at the time of the final PET/CT)were retrospectively *** 43 patients had an abdominal aortic(AA)vascular graft,40 patients had a right iliac(RI)limb graft,and 41 patients had a left iliac(LI)limb *** patients had 1 PET/CT and 21 patients had from 2 to 9 PET/*** were imaged between 2 mo to 168 mo(about 14 years)post *** grafts were imaged within 6 mo of placement,including three that were imaged wit

关键词： Aseptic vascular grafts Endovascular aortic repair [(18)F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography

High-throughput screening of hypothetical metal-organic frameworks for thermal conductivity

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npj.Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 2231-2242页

作者： Meiirbek Islamov Hasan Babaei Ryther Anderson Kutay B.Sezginel j.ffrey R.Long Alan j.H.McGaughey Diego A.Gomez-Gualdron christopher E.Wilmer Department of Chemical&Petroleum Engineering University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15261USA Department of Chemistry University of CaliforniaBerkeleyBerkeleyCA 94720USA Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Colorado School of MinesGoldenCO 80401USA Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of CaliforniaBerkeleyBerkeleyCA 94720USA Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA 94720USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Carnegie Mellon UniversityPittsburghPA 15213USA Department of Electrical&Computer Engineering University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15261USA

Thermal energy management in metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)is an important,yet often neglected,challenge for many adsorption-based applications such as gas storage and *** its importance,there is insufficient understanding of the structure-property relationships governing thermal transport in *** provide a data-driven perspective into these relationships,here we perform large-scale computational screening of thermal conductivity k in MOFs,leveraging classical molecular dynamics simulations and 10,194 hypothetical MOFs created using the ToBaCCo 3.0 *** found that high thermal conductivity in MOFs is favored by high densities(>1.0 g cm^(−3)),small pores(10 W m^(−1) K^(−1)),the structures of which we describe in additional detail.

关键词： conductivity thermal pores