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Tumor–stromal cross-talk modulating the therapeutic response in pancreatic cancer

Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2018年第5期17卷 461-472页

作者： christopher c.m.neumann Ellen von Horschelmann Anja Reutzel-Selke Elisabeth Seidel Igor maximilian Sauer Johann Pratschke marcus Bahra Rosa Bianca Schmuck Department of Surgery Campus Charité Mitte Campus Virchow-KlinikumExperimental SurgeryCharité-Universitatsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany Berlin Institute of Health Department of SurgeryCampus CharitéMitte and Campus Virchow-KlinikumAugustenburger Platz 113353 BerlinGermany

Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAc) is a highly malignant solid tumor with a dismal prognosis. The stroma component makes up to 90% of the tumor mass and is thought to be one of the main reasons for the tumor’s high chemoresistance. cancer associated fibroblasts(cAFs) have previously been identified to be the key stromal players. This is the first time we provide detailed in vitro experiments investigating tumor–stromal interactions when exposed to three well-known chemotherapeutic agents. methods: monocultures, indirect and direct co-cultures of two PDAc cell lines(AsPc and Panc-1) and six primary patients derived cAFs were treated with gemcitabine, nab-paclitaxel and the γ-secretaseinhibitor(GSI) DAPT. The cell viability of each component was measured with XTT. Finally, IL-6 concentrations of the supernatants were analyzed. Results: On the contrary to PDAc cell lines, cAF monocultures hardly responded to any treatment which suggested that stroma(cAFs) itself is more resistant to standard chemo-treatments than the epithelial cancer cells. moreover, only a weak chemotherapeutic response was observed in direct co-cultures of cancer cells with cAFs. A change in the morphology of direct co-cultures was accompanied with the chemoresistance. cAFs were observed to build cage-like structures around agglomerates of tumor cells. High levels of IL-6 were also associated with a reduced response to therapy. Indirect co-cultures make the tumor–stromal interaction more complex. conclusions: cAFs are highly chemoresistant. Direct cell–cell contact and high levels of IL-6 correlate with a high chemoresistance.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Tumor microenvironment cancer associated fibroblasts cancer–stroma co-culture Atroma targeted therapy

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Apples to oranges:environmentally derived,dynamic regulation of serotonin neuron subpopulations in adulthood?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2596-2597页

作者： christopher J.O’connell matthew J.Robson Department of Genetics College of MedicineHarvard UniversityBostonMAUSA James L.Winkle college of Pharmacy Division of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA Neuroscience Graduate Program College of MedicineUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA

Traumatic brain injury(TBI)is a public health problem with an undue economic burden that impacts nearly every age,ethnic,and gender group across the globe(capizzi et al.,2020).TBIs are often sustained during a dynamic range of exposures to energetic environmental forces and as such outcomes are typically heterogeneous regarding severity and pathology(capizzi et al.,2020).

关键词： sustained orange dynamic

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Performance of silver nanoparticles in the catalysis of the oxygen reduction reaction in neutral media： Efficiency limitation due to hydrogen peroxide escape

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Nano Research 2013年第7期6卷 511-524页

作者： christopher c. m. neumann Eduardo Laborda Kristina Tschulik Kristopher R. Ward Richard G. compton Department of chemistry Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory Oxford University South Parks Road Oxford OXl 3QZUnited Kingdom

The electrocatalytic activity for oxygen reduction reaction （ORR） at neutral pH of citrate-capped silver nanoparticles （diameter = 18 nm） supported on glassy carbon （Gc） is investigated voltammetrically. Novelly, the modification of the substrate by nanoparticles sticking to form a random nanoparticle array and the voltammetric experiments are carried out simultaneously by immersion of the Gc electrode in an air-saturated 0.1 m Nac104 solution （pH = 5.8） containing chemically-synthesized nanoparticles. The experimental voltammograms of the resulting nanoparticle array are simulated with homemade programs according to the two-proton, two-electron reduction of oxygen to hydrogen peroxide where the first electron transfer is rate determining. In the case of silver electrodes, the hydrogen peroxide generated is partially further reduced to water via heterogeneous decomposition. comparison of the results obtained on a silver macroelectrode and silver nanoparticles indicates that, for the silver nanoparticles and particle coverages （0.035%-0.457%） employed in this study, the ORR electrode kinetics is slower and the production of hydrogen peroxide larger on the glassy carbon-supported nanoparticles than on bulk silver.

关键词： oxygen reduction reaction silver nanoparticles nanoelectrocatalysis hydrogen peroxide escape fuel cells

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comparative analysis of empirical and deep learning models for ionospheric sporadic E layer prediction

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2025年第1期9卷 10-19页

作者： BingKun Yu PengHao Tian XiangHui Xue christopher JScott HaiLun Ye JianFei Wu Wen Yi TingDi chen XianKang Dou Institute of Deep Space Sciences Deep Space Exploration LaboratoryHefei 230088China cAS Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment School of Earth and Space SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Hefei National Laboratory University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230088China Department of meteorology University of ReadingReading RG66BBUK

Sporadic E(Es)layers in the ionosphere are characterized by intense plasma irregularities in the E region at altitudes of 90-130 *** they can significantly influence radio communications and navigation systems,accurate forecasting of Es layers is crucial for ensuring the precision and dependability of navigation satellite *** this study,we present Es predictions made by an empirical model and by a deep learning model,and analyze their differences comprehensively by comparing the model predictions to satellite RO measurements and ground-based ionosonde *** deep learning model exhibited significantly better performance,as indicated by its high coefficient of correlation(r=0.87)with RO observations and predictions,than did the empirical model(r=0.53).This study highlights the importance of integrating artificial intelligence technology into ionosphere modelling generally,and into predicting Es layer occurrences and characteristics,in particular.

关键词： ionospheric sporadic E layer radio occultation ionosondes numerical model deep learning model artificial intelligence

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Assessing risks from mining-induced ground movements near gas wells

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International Journal of mining Science and Technology 2020年第1期30卷 11-16页

作者： christopher mark Gregory m.Rumbaugh mine Safety and Health Administration PittsburghPAUSA

The proliferation of unconventional gas well development in the Northern Appalachian coalfields has raised a number of mine safety *** wells,which extract gas from deep shale formations,are characterized by gas volumes and pressures that are significantly higher than those observed at many conventional *** gas is composed largely of methane as well as other *** of planned and actively producing wells penetrate protective coal pillars or barriers within active mine boundaries,including chain pillars located between longwall *** released from a well damaged by mining-induced ground movements could pose a risk to miners by flowing into the mine *** mining-induced ground movements that may cause well damage include conventional subsidence,non-conventional subsidence(*** plane slip),pillar failure,and floor *** paper describes the known risk factors for each of the four failure *** includes a framework that can guide the risk assessment process when mining takes place near gas or oil wells.

关键词： Gas well Subsidence coal protection pillar Risk matrix Longwall mining

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Bulk petroleum geochemistry of shales from the onshore Rio del Rey Basin,cameroon

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Energy Geoscience 2022年第2期3卷 111-119页

作者： christopher m.Agyingi Noel c.Tangko Emmanuel Eseme Department of Geology University of BueaCameroon P.O.Box 63BueaCameroon Activation Laboratories Ltd AncasterONCanada

Petroleum production in the Rio del Rey Basin,which is an extension of the Niger Delta of Nigeria into cameroon,has been limited to the Tertiary offshore portion since the late *** to dedlining reserves in this offshore portion,the onshore cretaceous portion of the basin attracted significant attention in the last *** the present *** from outcrops in the onshore portion of the basin were analyzed to evaluate their potential as source rocks,assess hydrocarbon generation,and highlight their signifcance for *** observations,total organic carbon(TOc)measure-ments,and Rock Eval pyrolysis were used to generate data for these ***-eval S2 values(0.42-3 mg Hc/g rock)based on measured present-day TOc values(0.58-2.44 wtx)of the shales studied signify poor to fair source rock potentials,whereas calculated S2 values(1.74-8.19 mg Hc/g rock)based on estimated original TOc values(0.67-2.87 wt%)produced fair to good source rocks containing Type Ⅱ/Ⅲ kerogen,which were transformed by maturity to the present-day Type Ⅲ/Ⅳ *** of the samples based on Tmax values varying between 439 and 471℃are equivalent to maturity values ranging between 0.74% R_(r) and 1.32% R_(r), and these represent the peak oil to condensate/wet gas zones of hy-drocarbon *** results demonstrate that mature source rocks are present in the onshore part of the Rio del Rey Basin,and thus,it is suitable for petroleum exploration.

关键词： Shale Rio del Rey Basin Total organic carbon Rock-eval Petroleum geochemistry cameroon

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NONDEGENERAcY OF POSITIVE SOLUTIONS TO HOmOGENEOUS SEcOND-ORDER DIFFERENTIAL SYSTEmS AND ITS APPLIcATIONS

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Acta mathematica Scientia 2009年第2期29卷 435-446页

作者：戴求亿 christopher c. Tisdell Department of mathematics Hunan Normal University School of mathematics the University of New South Wales

This article considers the Dirichlet problem of homogeneous and inhomogeneous second-order ordinary differential systems. A nondegeneracy result is proven for positive solutions of homogeneous systems. Sufficient and necessary conditions for the existence of multiple positive solutions for inhomogeneous systems are obtained by making use of the nondegeneracy and uniqueness results of homogeneous systems.

关键词： Second ordinary differential system Dirichlet problem positive solution nondegeneracy multiplicity result

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Influence of residual stresses on failure pressure of cylindrical pressure vessels

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chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2013年第6期26卷 1415-1421页

作者： m.Jeyakumar T.christopher Department of mechanical Engineering Sardar Raja College of EngineeringAlangulamTirunelveli 627 808India Department of mechanical Engineering Government College of EngineeringTirunelveli 627 007India

The utilization of pressure vessels in aerospace applications is *** this work,fnite element analysis（FEA）has been carried out using ANSYS software package with 2D axisymmetric model to access the failure pressure of cylindrical pressure vessel made of ASTm A36 carbon steel having weld-induced residual *** fnd out the effect of residual stresses on failure pressure,frst an elasto-plastic analysis is performed to fnd out the failure pressure of pressure vessel not having residual *** a thermo-mechanical fnite element analysis is performed to assess the residual stresses developed in the pressure vessel during *** one more elasto-plastic analysis is performed to assess the effect of residual stresses on failure pressure of the pressure vessel having residual *** analysis indicates reduction in the failure pressure due to unfavorable residual stresses.

关键词： Aerospace engineering ASTm A36 Finite element analysis Pressure vessels Welding residual stress

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In situ stabilization of arsenic in soil with organoclay,organozeolite,birnessite,goethite and lanthanum-doped magnetic biochar

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Pedosphere 2022年第5期32卷 764-776页

作者： Saeed BAGHERIFAm Trevor c.BROWN christopher m.FELLOWS Ravi NAIDU Sridhar KOmARNENI chemistry-School of Science and Technology University of New EnglandArmidale NSW 2351(Australia) Global centre for Environmental Remediation Faculty of Science and Information TechnologyUniversity of NewcastleUniversity DriveCallaghan NSW 2308(Australia) Department of Ecosystem Science and management and materials Research Institute 204 Energy and the Environment LaboratoryPennsylvania State UniversityUniversity Park PA 16802(USA)

Arsenic(As)is a known carcinogen and naturally occurring semi-metal in soils and in the Earth's *** of soils and water with As poses a serious threat to millions of people worldwide due to its health hazards and toxicological ***,devising novel and efficient methods for remediation of contaminated areas has attracted a great deal of interest across the *** this study,we investigated the usefulness of synthetic birnessite,goethite,hexadecylpyridinium chloride-modified montmorillonite(HDPc-m),hexadecylpyridinium bromide-modified zeolite(HDPB-Z),and lanthanum(La)-doped magnetic biochar produced from eucalyptus bark(La-Euchar)as adsorbents at 10%dosage for As stabilization in a soil spiked with 1000 mg kg^(-1)*** effectiveness of the above adsorbents in As immobilization in soil was assessed using single-step extractions with 2 mol L^(-1)HNO_(3)and deionized water,the simplified bioaccessibility extraction test(SBET)method,and sequential extraction with the modified community Bureau of Reference(BcR)*** of the adsorbents shifted the exchangeable fraction of As to more recalcitrant fractions and dramatically reduced the exchangeable fraction by 6%-99%and the extractable amounts with HNO_(3),deionized water,and SBET method by 30%-92%,17%-95%,and 12%-90%,respectively,compared to the unamended *** immobilizing effects of adsorbents on As decreased in the sequence of birnessite>La-Euchar>goethite>HDPB-Z>*** exhibited great affinity for As and drastically reduced As extractability by more than 90%in all single *** results revealed that HDPc-m,HDPB-Z,La-Euchar,birnessite,and goethite are promising immobilizing agents for in situ stabilization of As in terrestrial environments.

关键词： adsorbent bioaccessibility bioavailability environmental contamination immobilizing agent modified biochar modified clay remediation technique

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High resolution tracking of adult horseshoe crabs Limulus polyphemus in a New Hampshire estuary using fixed array ultrasonic telemetry

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current Zoology 2010年第5期56卷 599-610页

作者： Winsor H.WATSON Ⅲ christopher c.cHABOT Department of Biological Sciences University of New Hampshire Department of Biology Plymouth State University

While several studies have documented the large-scale, seasonal movements of horseshoe crabs, little is known about their fine-scale, daily movement patterns. In this study we used a fixed array ultrasonic telemetry system to track the movements of 12 male and 16 female horseshoe crabs in the Great Bay estuary, New Hampshire. Data were obtained during the mating season, as well as during the remainder of the summer and fall, in the years 2005-2008. During the mating season animals were often, but not always, active during the high tides when they were approaching and leaving the spawning beaches. On average, both males and females approached mating beaches during 33% of the high tides they experienced and they most often made the tran- sition from being inactive to active during the last two hours of an incoming tide. From April-October horseshoe crabs were significantly more active during high tide periods vs low tide periods, with no clear preference for diurnal vs nocturnal activity. After the mating season ended horseshoe crabs continued to move into shallower water at high tide and then return to deeper water at low tide. Observations by ScUBA divers suggest that during these excursions into the mudflats horseshoe crabs were digging pits in the sediment while foraging for food. Thus, the tidal rhythm of activity that has been so well documented during the mating season probably persists into the fall, and primarily involves foraging activities

关键词： Telemetry Tracking movements mating Foraging Estuary

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