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Liver bioengineering:Current status and future perspectives

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第47期18卷 6926-6934页

作者： christopher booth Tom Soker Pedro Baptista Christina L Ross Shay Soker Umar Farooq Robert J Stratta Giuseppe Orlando Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine Wake Forest University School of MedicineWinston-SalemNC 27101United States Department of General Surgery Section of TransplantationWake Forest University School of MedicineWinston-SalemNC 27101United States

The present review aims to illustrate the strategies that are being implemented to regenerate or bioengineer livers for clinical *** are two general pathways to liver bioengineering and *** first consists of creating a supporting scaffold,either synthetically or by decellularization of human or animal organs,and seeding cells on the scaffold,where they will mature either in bioreactors or in *** strategy seems to offer the quickest route to clinical translation,as demonstrated by the development of liver organoids from rodent livers which were repopulated with organ specific cells of animal and/or human *** bioengineering has potential for transplantation and for toxicity testing during preclinical drug *** second possibility is to induce liver regeneration of dead or resected tissue by manipulating cell *** fact,it is well known that the liver has peculiar regenerative potential which allows hepatocyte hyperplasia after amputation of liver *** of autologous bone marrow cells,which aids in liver regeneration,into patients was shown to be safe and to improve their clinical condition,but the specific cells responsible for liver regeneration have not yet been determined and the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown.A complete understanding of the cell pathways and dynamics and of the functioning of liver stem cell niche is necessary for the clinical translation of regenerative medicine *** well,it will be crucial to elucidate the mechanisms through which cells interact with the extracellular matrix,and how this latter supports and drives cell fate.

关键词： Liver Regenerative medicine Tissue engineering Extracellular matrix Scaffold Stem cells

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Low cross-talk optical addressing of trapped-ion qubits using a novel integrated photonic chip

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第10期13卷 2179-2191页

作者： Ana S.Sotirova Bangshan Sun Jamie D.Leppard Andong Wang Mohan Wang Andres Vazquez-Brennan David P.Nadlinger Simon Moser Alexander Jesacher Chao He Fabian Pokorny Martin J.booth christopher J.Ballance University of Oxford Department of PhysicsOxford Ox13PUUK University of Oxford Department of Engineering ScienceOxford Ox13PJUk institute of Biomedical Physics Medical University of InnsbruckMullerstraBe 446020 InnsbruckAustria

Individual optical addressing in chains of trapped atomic ions requires the generation of many small,closely spaced beams with low ***,implementing parallel operations necessitates phase,frequency,and amplitude control of each individual ***,we present a scalable method for achieving all of these capabilities using a high-performance integrated photonic chip coupled to a network of optical fibre *** chip design results in very low cross-talk between neighbouring channels even at the micrometre-scale spacing by implementing a very high refractive index contrast between the channel core and ***,the photonic chip manufacturing procedure is highly flexible,allowing for the creation of devices with an arbitrary number of channels as well as non-uniform channel spacing at the chip *** present the system used to integrate the chip within our ion trap apparatus and characterise the performance of the full individual addressing setup using a single trapped ion as a light-field *** measurements showed intensity cross-talk below~10^(-3) across the chip,with minimum observed cross-talk as low as~10^(-5).

关键词： spacing cross optical

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联合评估和单独评估:富有潜力的助推手段

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心理学报 2018年第8期50卷 827-839页

作者：路西 HSEE christopher K. 北京大学光华管理学院北京100871 中国农业大学经济管理学院北京100083 booth School of Business The University of Chicago

人们有两种基本的评估模式:一是联合评估,即所有选项一起呈现和被评估;二是单独评估,各个选项单独地呈现和被评估。所有决策都是在其中一种评估模式或者两种模式的中间地带中做出的。联合和单独评估可以导致偏好反转和次优选择,理解其... 详细信息

人们有两种基本的评估模式:一是联合评估,即所有选项一起呈现和被评估;二是单独评估,各个选项单独地呈现和被评估。所有决策都是在其中一种评估模式或者两种模式的中间地带中做出的。联合和单独评估可以导致偏好反转和次优选择,理解其机制能帮助人们提高决策结果,包括慈善、定价、消费、甚至幸福感等方面。作为对各类决策影响广泛的重要变量,评估模式产生了不少反直觉的效应,目前研究尚不全面,是一块值得探索的沃土。

关键词：评估模式偏好反转广义可评估性理论决策双系统助推

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