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A review of ferroelectric materials for high power devices

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Journal of Materiomics 2022年第4期8卷 739-752页

作者： Sergey i.Shkuratov christopher S.Lynch Loki incorporated 1334 Royal RoadNorwoodMO65717USA Bourns College of Engineering University of California at RiversideCA92521USA

Compact autonomous ultrahigh power density energy storage and power generation devices that exploitthe spontaneous polarization of ferroelectric materials are capable of producing hundreds of kilovoltvoltages,multi-kiloampere currents,and megawatt power levels for brief interval of *** storagelife of these devices is four orders of magnitude longer than that for electrochemical batteries andelectrochemical *** is an up to date survey of ferroelectric materials used for these highpower *** types of ferroelectric ceramics possess the ability to be depolarized under adia-batic compression and can be successfully used for high power *** addition to bulk ferro-electric ceramics,multilayer ferroelectric films are very efficient materials for high power *** importance is the ability of relaxor ferroelectric single crystals to produce significantly higherelectric charge density and energy density than ceramics,making them promising materials for highpower *** provided is a brief survey of recent developments of ferroelectric materials forhigh energy density and power density dielectric *** ceramics have been developed,including antiferroelectric and relaxor antiferroelectric solid solutions,providing high energy densityand efficiency simultaneously.

关键词： Energy storage Ferroelectric Antiferroelectric Relaxor High power density

Comparative analysis of empirical and deep learning models for ionospheric sporadic E layer prediction

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2025年第1期9卷 10-19页

作者： BingKun Yu PengHao Tian XiangHui Xue christopher JScott HaiLun Ye JianFei Wu Wen Yi TingDi Chen XianKang Dou institute of Deep Space Sciences Deep Space Exploration LaboratoryHefei 230088China CAS Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment School of Earth and Space SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Hefei National Laboratory University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230088China Department of Meteorology University of ReadingReading RG66BBUK

Sporadic E(Es)layers in the ionosphere are characterized by intense plasma irregularities in the E region at altitudes of 90-130 *** they can significantly influence radio communications and navigation systems,accurate forecasting of Es layers is crucial for ensuring the precision and dependability of navigation satellite *** this study,we present Es predictions made by an empirical model and by a deep learning model,and analyze their differences comprehensively by comparing the model predictions to satellite RO measurements and ground-based ionosonde *** deep learning model exhibited significantly better performance,as indicated by its high coefficient of correlation(r=0.87)with RO observations and predictions,than did the empirical model(r=0.53).This study highlights the importance of integrating artificial intelligence technology into ionosphere modelling generally,and into predicting Es layer occurrences and characteristics,in particular.

关键词： ionospheric sporadic E layer radio occultation ionosondes numerical model deep learning model artificial intelligence

Genetic Algorithm Based 7-Level Step-Up inverter with Reduced Harmonics and Switching Devices

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intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第3期35卷 3081-3097页

作者： T.Anand Kumar M.Kaliamoorthy i.Gerald christopher Raj Department of EEE Dr.Mahalingam College of Engineering and TechnologyPollachiTamilnaduIndia Department of EEE PSNA College of Engineering and TechnologyDindigulTamilnaduIndia

This paper presents a unique voltage-raising topology for a single-phase seven-level inverter with triple output voltage gain using single input source and two switched *** output voltage has been boosted up to three times the value of input voltage by conﬁguring the switched capacitors in series and parallel combinations which eliminates the use of additional step-up converters and *** selective harmonic elimination(SHE)approach is used to remove the lower-order *** optimal switching angles for SHE is determined using the genetic *** switching angles are com-bined with a level-shifted pulse width modulation(PWM)technique for pulse generation,resulting in reduced total harmonic distortion(THD).A detailed com-parison has been made against other relevant seven-level inverter topologies in terms of the number of switches,drivers,diodes,capacitors,and boosting facil-ities to emphasize the beneﬁts of the proposed *** proposed topology is simulated using MATLAB/SiMULiNK and an experimental prototype has been developed to validate the *** Digital Signal Processing(DSP)TMS320F2812 board is used to generate the switching pulses for the proposed technique and the experimental results concur with the simulated model outputs.

关键词： Genetic algorithm multilevel inverter pulse width modulation selective harmonic elimination switched capacitor

Current trends in urethral stricture management

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Asian Journal of Urology 2014年第1期1卷 46-54页

作者： christopher J.Hillary Nadir i.Osman christopher R.Chapple Department of Urology Royal Hallamshire HospitalSheffieldUK

The recent international Consultation on Urological Disease(iCUD)panel 2010 confirmed that a urethral stricture is defined as a narrowing of the urethra consequent upon ischaemic spongiofibrosis,as distinct from sphincter stenoses and a urethral disruption *** possible,an anastomotic urethroplasty should be performed because of the higher success rate as compared to augmentation *** is some debate currently regarding the critical stricture length at which an anastomotic procedure can be used,but clearly the extent of the spongiofibrosis and individual anatomical factors(the length of the penis and urethra)are important,the limitation for this being extension of dissection beyond the peno-scrotal junction and the subsequent production of *** recently,there has been interest in whether to excise and anastomose or to carry out a stricturotomy and reanastomosis using a Heineke-Miculicz *** urethroplasty has evolved towards the more extensive use of oral mucosa grafts as compared to penile skin flaps,as both flaps and grafts have similar efficacy and certainly the use of either dorsal or ventral positioning seems to provide comparable *** is important that the reconstructive surgeon is well versed in the full range of available repair techniques,as no single method is suitable for all cases and will enable the management of any unexpected anatomical findings discovered intra-operatively.

关键词： Urethral stricture Stricture Lichen sclerosus Pelvic fracture Urethral injury Bladder outflow obstruction Urethroplasty Buccal mucosa graft

Polyplex interaction strength as a driver of potency during cancer immunotherapy

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Nano Research 2018年第10期11卷 5642-5656页

作者： Shannon d. Tsai James i. Andorko Xiangbin Zeng Joshua M. Gammon christopher M. dewell Fischell Department of Bioengineering University of Marylond 8278 Paint Branch Drive College Park MD 20742 USA Robert E. Fischell institute for Biomedicol Devices University of Maryland 8278 Paint Branch Drive College Park MD 20742 USA United States Department of Veterans Affairs Maryland VA Health Care System 10 North Greene Street Baltimore MD 21201 USA Deportment of Microbiology and immunology University of Maryland Medical School 685 West Baltimore Street Baltimore MD 21201 USA Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center 22 South Greene Street Baltimore MD 21201 USA

Many experimental cancer vaccines are exploring toll-like receptor agonists （TLRas） such as CpG, a DNA motif that agonizes toll-like receptor 9 （TLR9）, to trigger immune responses that are potent and molecularly-specific. The ability to tune the immune response is especially important in the immunosuppressive microenvironments of tumors. Because TLR9 is located intracellularly, CpG must be internalized by immune cells for functionality. Polyplexes can be self- assembled through electrostatics using DNA （anionic） condensed by a positively charged carrier. These structures improve cell delivery and have been widely explored for gene therapy. in contrast, here we use cationic poly （^-amino esters）（PBAEs） to assemble polyplexes from CpG as an adjuvant to target and improve immune stimulation in cells and mouse models. Polyplexes were formed over a range of PBAE：CpG ratios, resulting in a library of complexes with increasingly positive charge and stronger binding as PBAE：CpG ratio increased. Although higher PBAE：CpG ratios exhibited improved CpG uptake, lower ratios of PBAE：CpG--which condensed CpG more weakly, activated DCs and tumorspecific T cells more effectively. in a mouse melanoma model, polyplexes with lower binding affinities improved survival more effectively compared with higher binding affinities. These data demonstrate that altering the polyplex interaction strength impacts accessibility of CpG to TLRs in immune cells. Thus, physiochemical properties, particularly the interplay between charge, uptake, and affinity, play a key role in determining the nature and efficacy of the immune response generated. This insight identifies new design considerations that must be balanced for engineering effective immunotherapies and vaccines.

关键词： cancer immunotherapy nanoparticle vaccine polyplex

Transcriptional Control of SET DOMAiN GROUP 8 and CAROTENOiD iSOMERASE during Arabidopsis Development

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Molecular Plant 2010年第1期3卷 174-191页

作者： christopher i. Cazzonelli Andrea C. Roberts Melanie E. Carmody Barry J. Pogson Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology Research School of Biology The Australian National University Canberra ACT0200 Australia

Carotenoids are pigments required for photosynthesis, photoprotection and the production of carotenoid- derived hormones such as ABA and strigolactones. The carotenoid biosynthetic pathway bifurcates after lycopene to produce epsilon- and beta-carotenoids and this branch is critical for determining carotenoid composition. Here, we show how the branch point can be regulated by the chromatin-modifying histone methyltransferase, Set Domain Group 8 （SDG8） targeting the carotenoid isomerase （CRTiSO）. SDG8 is required to maintain permissive expression of CRTiSO during seedling development, in leaves, shoot apex, and some floral organs. The CRTiSO and SDG8 promoters show overlapping tissue-specific patterns of reporter gene activity. interestingly, CRTiSO showed atypical reporter gene expression in terms of greater variability between different lines compared to the Cauliflower Mosaic Virus 35S promoter （CaMV35s） and ~LCY promoters, potentially due to chromosomal position effects. Regulation of the CRTiSO promoter was dependent in part upon the presence or absence of SDG8. Knockouts of SDG8 （carotenoid and chloroplast regulation （ccrl）） and CRTiSO （ccr2） result in altered carotenoid composition and this could be restored in ccr2 using the CaMV35s or CRTiSO promoters. in contrast, varying degrees of GUS expression and carotenoid complementation by CRTiSO overexpression using CaMV35S or CRTiSO promoters in the ccrl background demonstrated that both the CRTiSO promoter and open reading frame are necessary for SDG8-mediated expression of CRTiSO.

关键词： Photosynthesis secondary metabolism--terpenoids, isoprenoids, and carotenoids chloroplast biology epigenetics gene expression gene regulation.

impact of fertility versus mortality control on the demographics of Mastomys natalensis in maize fields

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integrative Zoology 2022年第6期17卷 1028-1040页

作者： christopher i.iMAKANDO GMandela FERNÁNDEZ-GRANDON Grant R.SiNGLETON Steven R.BELMAiN Natural Resources institute University of GreenwichChatham MaritimeKentUK Department of Zoology and Aquatic Sciences Copperbelt UniversityKitweZambia

The multimammate mouse,Mastomys natalensis,is the most common rodent pest species in sub-Saharan ***,rodenticides are the preferred method used to reduce the population of rodent pests,but this method poses direct and indirect risks to humans and other non-target *** control is a promising alternative that has been argued to be a more sustainable and humane method for controlling rodent *** this study,we compared the effectiveness of fertility control bait EP-1(quinestrol(E)and levonorgestrel(P),10 ppm)and an anticoagulant rodenticide bait(bromadiolone,50 ppm)on the population dynamics of *** in maizeﬁelds in Zambia during 2 cropping *** was the most abundant species in maizeﬁelds(77%of total captures).Fertility control reduced the number of juveniles and suppressed population growth of *** at the end of the 2019–2020 cropping *** population density initially decreased after rodenticide treatment,but the population rapidly recovered through *** of the treatments inﬂuenced maize damage by rodents at germination(F2,67=1.626,P=0.204).Applying the treatments during the maize seeding time was effective at suppressing population growth at the end of the cropping season than application the month before maize *** research indicates that a single-dose delivery of EP-1 and rodenticide have comparable effects on the population dynamics of ***ﬁndings are important in developing fertility control protocols for rodent pest populations to reduce maize crop damage and improve yields.

关键词： ecologically based rodent management levonorgestrel multimammate mouse quinestrol rodent pests rodenticide

Optimization and kinetic studies for enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation of colocynthis vulgaris Shrad seeds shell for bioethanol production

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2021年第1期6卷 45-64页

作者： igwilo christopher Nnaemeka Egbuna Samuel O Onoh Maxwell i Asadu OChristain Onyekwulu Chinelo S Department of Science Laboratory Technology Federal College of AgricultureP.M.BIshiaguEbonyi StateNigeria Department of Chemical Engineering Enugu State University of Science and Technology (ESUT)Nigeria Gregory University Uturu PMB 1012 Abia State Nigeria

The key process parameters for the hydrolysis and fermentation of Colocynthis vulgaris Shrad seeds shell(CVSSS)were optimized using the Box-Behnken Design(BBD)of Response Surface Methodology(RSM).Kinetic study was also carried *** proximate analysis of the CVSSS was done by the method of the Association of Organic and Applied Chemistry(AOAC).Enzymatic hydrolysis was experimented by using Aspergillus Niger as a crude enzyme isolated from soil at sawdust dump site and screened for cellulosic *** that affected the hydrolysis of the CVSSS were screened by using the Greco-Latin square design of ***,for Saccharomyces cerevisiae,factors that affected the fermentation of the CVSSS were screened by using the same Greco-Latin square design of ***,the result of the proximate analysis revealed that the CVSSS had 73.54%cellulose which could be converted to *** was established that temperature,pH and time had significant effect on hydrolysis,while the optimum results were obtained at 46.8℃,3.32 d,5.68 and 59.87%for temperature,time,pH and glucose yield,***,yeast dosage,pH and time had significant effect on fermentation,while the optimum results from optimization were found to be 33.58℃,7.0,3.55 d,1.65 g per 50 mL and 25.6%for temperature,pH,time,yeast dosage and ethanol yield,*** kinetics of both the enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation agreed with the Michealis-Menten kinetic model with the correlation coefficients(R^(2))of 0.9708 and 0.8773,***,from the error analysis,the experimental and predicted values had a very good relationship as described by Michaelis-Menten model.

关键词： Ethanol Melon(Egusi)seed shell Hydrolysis Fermentation Optimization Kinetics

Photosynthetic response to a winter heatwave in leading and trailing edge populations of the intertidal red alga Corallina offi-cinalis(Rhodophyta)

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第7期43卷 70-77页

作者： Regina Kolzenburg Federica Ragazzola Laura Tamburello Katy R.Nicastro christopher D.McQuaid Gerardo i.Zardi UmeåMarine Sciences Centre UmeåUniversity90571 NorrbynSweden University of Portsmouth Institute of Marine SciencePortsmouth PO49LYUK Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn Genova Marine CenterGenova 16126Italy Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn Sicily Marine CenterPalermo 90149Italy Department of Zoology and Entomology Rhodes UniversityMakhanda(Grahamstown)6139South Africa Centre of Marine Sciences University of AlgarveFaro 8005-139Portugal Laboratoire d’Océanologie et de Géosciences Universitéde LilleLille 59000France Universitéde Caen Normandie Laboratoire de Biologie des Organismes et des Ecosystèmes AquatiquesCaen 14032France

Marine heatwaves(MHWs)caused by anthropogenic climate change are becoming a key driver of change at the ecosystem *** conditions experienced by marine organisms across their distribution,particularly towards the equator,are likely to approach their physiological limits,resulting in extensive mortality and subsequent changes at the population *** at the margins of their species’distribution are thought to be more sensitive to climate-induced environmental pressures than central populations,but our understanding of variability in fitness-related physiological traits in trailing versus leading-edge populations is *** a laboratory simulation study,we tested whether two leading(iceland)and two trailing(Spain)peripheral populations of the intertidal macroalga Corallina officinalis display different levels of maximum potential quantum efficiency(Fv/Fm)resilience to current and future winter MHWs *** study revealed that ongoing and future local winter MHWs will not negatively affect leading-edge populations of ***,which exhibited stable photosynthetic efficiency throughout the *** edge populations showed a positive though non-significant trend in photosynthetic efficiency throughout winter MHWs *** and equatorward populations did not produce significantly different results,with winter MHWs having no negative affect on Fv/Fm of either ***,we found no long-term regional or population-level influence of a winter MHWs on this species’photosynthetic ***,we found no statistically significant difference in thermal stress responses between leading and trailing ***,*** showed a trend towards higher stress responses in southern than northern *** responses rest on a variety of local population traits,they are difficult to predict based solely on thermal pressures.

关键词： marginal population coralline algae climate change ecophysiology photophysiology macroalgae Fv/Fm