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Hetero-tra.s-β-Gluca.a.e Produces Cellulose-Xylogluca. Cova.ent Bonds in the Cell Wa.ls of Structura. Pla.t Tissues a.d Is Stimula.ed by Expa.sin

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Molecula. Pla.t 2020年第7期13卷 1047-1062页

作者： Kla.s Herburger Lenka.Fra.kova.Ma.tina.Picma.ova.Jia.Wooi Loh Ma.cos Va.enzuela.Ortega.Fra.k Meulewa.ter a.drew D.Hudson christopher E.french Stephen C.Fry The Edinburgh Cell Wa.l Group Institute of Molecular Plant SciencesSchool of Biological SciencesThe University of EdinburghEdinburgh EH93BFUnited Kingdom Institute of Qua.tita.ive Biology Biochemistry and BiotechnologySchool of Biological SciencesThe University of EdinburghEdinburgh EH93BFUnited Kingdom Ba.F BBCC Innovation Center Gent-Trait Research9052 Gent(Zwijnaarde)Belgium Zhejia.g University-University of Edinburgh Joint Resea.ch Centre for Engineering Biology Zhejiang UniversityHainingZhejiang 314400China Present a.dress:Section for Pla.t Glycobiology Department of Plant and Environmental SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenFrederiksberg 1871Denmark

Current cell-wa.l models a.sume no cova.ent bonding between cellulose a.d hemicelluloses such a. xyloglu-ca. or mixed-linka.eβ-D-gluca.(MLG).However,Equisetum hetero-tra.s-β-gluca.a.e(HTG)gra.ts cellu-lose onto xylogluca. oligosa.cha.ides(XGOs)-a.d,we now show,xylogluca. polysa.cha.ide-in vitro,thus exhibiting CXE(cellulose:xylogluca. endotra.sglucosyla.e)*** a.dition,HTG a.so ca.a.yzes MLG-to-XGO bonding(MXE a.tivity).In this study,we explored the CXE a.tion of HTG in na.ive pla.t cell wa.ls a.d tested whether expa.sin exposes cellulose to HTG by disrupting hydrogen *** qua.tify a.d visu-a.ize CXE a.d MXE a.tion,we a.sa.ed the sequentia. relea.e of HTG products from cell wa.ls pre-la.eled with substra.e *** demonstra.ed cova.ent cellulose--xylogluca. bonding in pla.t cell wa.ls a.d showed tha. CXE a.d MXE a.tion wa. up to 15%a.d 60%of tota. tra.sgluca.a.e a.tion,respectively,a.d pea.ed in a.ing,strengthening tissues:CXE in xylem a.d cells bordering intercellula. ca.a.s a.d MXE in *** ba.teria. expa.sin(EXLX1)strongly a.gmented CXE a.tivity in *** a.d MXE a.-tion in living Equisetum structura. tissues potentia.ly strengthens stems,while expa.sin might a.gment the HTG-ca.a.yzed CXE rea.tion,thereby a.lowing efficient CXE a.tion in *** methods will ena.le surveys for compa.a.le rea.tions throughout the pla.t ***,engineering simila. hetero-polymer forma.ion into a.giosperm crop pla.ts ma. improve certa.n a.ronomic tra.ts such a. lodging tolera.ce.

关键词： cell wa.l cellulose hemicelluloses hetero-tra.s-p-gluca.a.e hetero-tra.sglycosyla.ion xylogluca.

Once upon a.time bioma.s burning in the western a.ps: Nesting effects of clima.e a.d loca. drivers on long-term suba.pine fires

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Forest Ecosystems 2022年第2期9卷 257-266页

作者： christopher Ca.ca.llet Benja.in Boulley Frederique Ca.ca.llet Univ Lyon Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1CNRSENTPE(UMR LEHNA)F-69622VilleurbanneFrance Pa.is Sciences&Lettres University(PSL) Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes(EPHE)F-75014ParisFrance Na.urCom Cha.r Universite de MontpellierF-34000MontpellierFrance Ma.BEC(Universite de Montpellier CNRSIfremerIRD)F-34000MontpellierFrance

Ba.kground:The present a.ticle questions the rela.ive importa.ce of loca.-a.d la.ge-sca.e processes on the long-term dyna.ics of fire in the suba.pine belt in the western *** study is ba.ed on soil cha.coa. da.ing a.d identifica.ion,severa. study sites in contra.ting environmenta. conditions,a.d sa.pling of soil cha.coa. a.ong the eleva.ion gra.ient of ea.h *** on loca. differences in bioma.s combustion,we hypothesize tha. loca.-sca.e or la.dsca.e-sca.e processes ha.e driven the fire history,while combustion homogeneity supports the hypothesis of the importa.ce of la.ge-sca.e or ma.ro-ecologica. processes,especia.ly ***:Bioma.s burning during the Holocene resulted from the nesting effects of clima.e,la.d use,a.d a.titude,but wa. little influenced by slope exposure(north versus south),soil(dryness,pH,depth),a.d *** mid-Holocene(6500–2700 ca. BP)wa. a. importa.t period for clima.e-driven bioma.s burning in the suba.pine ecosystems of the western a.ps,while fires over the la.t 2500 yea.s a.pea. much more episodic,prompting us to specula.e tha. huma. a.tivity ha. pla.ed a.vita. role in their ***:Our working hypothesis tha. the strength of loca. drivers should offset the effects of regiona. clima.e is not *** homogeneity of the fire regime between sites thus underscores tha. clima.e wa. the ma.n driver during the Holocene of the western ***-term suba.pine fires a.e controlled by clima.e a. the millennia. *** conditions ma.ter for little in determining va.ia.ility a. the century *** mid-Holocene wa. a.chief period for clima.ic bioma.s burning in the suba.pine zone,while fires during the la.e Holocene a.pea. much more episodic,suggesting tha. socia. drivers ha. exercised key function on their control.

关键词： Bioma.s burning Suba.pine forest Clima.e La.dsca.e Pedoa.thra.ology Ra.ioca.bon da.ing Pyrogenic ca.bon

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奇幻风格的少男少女房——远古的未来

国际纺织品流行趋势 2017年第1期 130-137页

作者： Hea.her french Ma.t french 郑亚男宋君 Bill Stengel christopher Ma.tinez

坐标：法国这个大空间的儿童卧室是由french a.d french Interiors为2014年＂圣达菲展示屋＂而设计的,主题为＂远古的未来。＂作为一个慈善组织,圣达菲展示屋专门为儿童艺术项目募集资金。2014年,该组织共募得善款5.4万美元。在活动中... 详细信息

坐标：法国这个大空间的儿童卧室是由french a.d french Interiors为2014年＂圣达菲展示屋＂而设计的,主题为＂远古的未来。＂作为一个慈善组织,圣达菲展示屋专门为儿童艺术项目募集资金。2014年,该组织共募得善款5.4万美元。在活动中会分派给每位设计师一个房间,根据主题进行设计。

关键词：少男少女 french 圣达菲金属材质左页运会右页泰迪熊光线充足钉头

Relea.e of unwa.ted fla.-bodied fish from a.horizonta.-ba. grid system a. revea.ed through compa.a.ive fishing tria.s a.d underwa.er video observa.ions

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a.ua.ulture a.d Fisheries 2021年第4期6卷 348-358页

作者： christopher B.Rilla.a. Pingguo He School for Ma.ine Science a.d Technology University of Massachusetts Dartmouth836 South Rodney French BoulevardNew BedfordMA02744USA

Grid systems sepa.a.e fish species prima.ily through physica. mea.s:fish size a.d body *** Georges Ba.k off the northea.t USa.ma.y species of flounders a.e overfished,a.d their ca.ch needs to be ***-bodied ska.es a.e a.so often *** tested a.Europea. style horizonta.-ba. grid system to reduce these fla.-bodied low quota.species in a.tra.l ta.geting the ha.dock(Mela.ogra.mus a.glefinus),whose popula.ion is *** grid system consisted of 4 grid sections,two on ea.h side,with horizonta. ba.s 70 mm *** a.terna.ing tow method wa. used to compa.e the ca.ch cha.a.teristics between a.tra.l with a.grid section a.d the sa.e tra.l without a.grid section.a.video ca.era.wa. used to observe fish esca.e in the grid *** results indica.e tha. the grid system reduced the flounder ca.ch ra.e(ma.nly winter flounder,Pseudopleuronectes a.erica.us)by 51.3%,a.d ska.es(ma.nly winter ska.e,Leucora.a.ocella.a.a.d little ska.e,Leucora.a.erina.ea.by 29.4%,while there were no differences in the ca.ch of a.la.tic cod(Ga.us morhua..While ha.dock wa. reduced by 37%by weight,the reduction wa. prima.ily sma.l undersized *** wa. no reduction in la.ge ha.dock grea.er tha. 50 *** observa.ions indica.es tha. flounders a.d cod ma.nly esca.ed from the bottom ha.f of the grid while ha.dock were from the top *** finding suggest tha. this system reduced low quota.flounders,a. well a. disca.ded ska.es a.d sma.l ha.dock,while reta.ning a.la.tic cod a.d la.ge size *** observa.ions indica.e tha. differentia. spa.ing(na.rower on the top a.d wider on the bottom)ma. improve the system performa.ce by relea.ing more fla.-bodied fish,tha. were observed to esca.e from the bottom pa.t of the grid,while reta.ning more ha.dock,which typica.ly esca.e from the top pa.t of the grid.

关键词： Tra.l Byca.ch Selectivity Flounder Ska.e Ha.dock a.la.tic cod

The stra.berry genome:a.complica.ed pa.t a.d promising future

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Horticulture Resea.ch 2019年第1期6卷 518-520页

作者： Kevin M.Folta.christopher R.Ba.bey Horticultura. Sciences Depa.tment University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32611USA

Within the juicy red flesh of the commercia. stra.berry lies a.deep history tha. spa.s a. lea.t three continents a.d hundreds of thousa.ds of *** genetic herita.e of this prized dessert fruit wa. cra.ted by na.ure,with its modern improvement driven by the indigenous Ma.uche people of South a.erica.a.sea.a.ing a.french spy,a.d a.pla.t-loving teena.er tha. ga.hered fruits to present to a.*** ma.y stories tha. punctua.e the history of the modern stra.berry rela.e to its contempora.y cultiva.ion a. well a. origins tha. spa. a.significa.t portion of the globe1,2.

关键词： stra. hundreds berry

Kinema.ic a.a.ysis of Pa.ients before a.d a.ter a.dominopla.ty

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Modern Pla.tic Surgery 2023年第3期13卷 85-93页

作者： Ja.k D. Sudduth Jessica.L. Ma.quez Ma.kenzie french christopher Clinker Justin Webb Devin Eddington Pa. Ekow Hoyte-Willia.s Bra.ford Rockwell Bo Forema. Division of Pla.tic Surgery Department of General Surgery University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah USA Division of Epidemiology Department of Internal Medicine University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah USA Depa.tment of Surgery Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana Depa.tment of Physica. Thera.y a.d a.hletic Tra.ning University of Utah Salt Lake City Utah USA

Ba.kground: a.dominopla.ty ha. consistently been one of the top cosmetic procedures performed ea.h yea. with a.high pa.ient sa.isfa.tion ra.e. Excision of the excess a.domina. skin ha. been shown to reduce low ba.k pa.n a.d improve posture. The effects of the excess skin remova. would, theoretica.ly, be demonstra.ed through cha.ges in ga.t. This study a.med to mea.ure kinema.ic differences during ga.t to obta.n objective mea.ures for a.dominopla.ty. Methods: Subjects were recruited from a.la.ge, a.a.emic pla.tic surgery clinic. Pa.ients were included if they were 18 yea.s of a.e, a.le to wa.k without a. a.sistive device or a.y hindra.ce by a.y existing medica. condition, a.d were scheduled for a.dominopla.ty. Kinema.ic mea.urements were ta.en before a.d a.ter surgery using a.plug-in-ga.t ma.ker set, ca.era., a.d a.trea.mill. Pre- a.d postopera.ive mea.urements were compa.ed a.d a.post-hoc power a.a.ysis wa. crea.ed. Results: Nine tota. pa.ients were included in the study. Joint a.gles before a.d a.ter surgery demonstra.ed modera.e differences. However, a.a.ysis revea.ed few significa.t differences for spa.iotempora. or kinema.ic va.ia.les. The power a.a.ysis demonstra.ed a. ina.equa.e number of pa.ients to detect significa.ce. Conclusions: Despite the litera.ure describing subjective a.d objective improvements following a.dominopla.ty, we were una.le to va.ida.e this. Overa.l, there were noticea.le differences in joint a.gles pre- a.d postopera.ively, though the study is too underpowered to rea.h sta.istica. significa.ce. This prelimina.y da.a.shows tha. if the study wa. powered through a.la.ger cohort, then more genera.iza.le conclusions could be dra.n.

关键词： a.dominopla.ty Ga.t Kinema.ics Surgery Pla.tic Surgery

New insights into diet brea.th of polypha.ous a.d oligopha.ous a.hids on two a.a.idopsis ecotypes

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Insect Science 2019年第4期26卷 753-769页

作者： christopher Wa.tier a.elie Turba.t Lisa.Sa.gos-Va.la.e Jerome Pelloux Christine Rusterucci a.a. Cherqui CRRBM (Centre de Ressources Regiona.es en Biologie Molecula.re) Universite de Picardie Jules Verne Amiens Cedex France Ea.3900 BIOPI (Biologie des Pla.tes et Innova.ion) Universite de Picardie Jules Verne Amiens Cedex France FRE CNRS 3498 EDYSa. (Ecologie et Dyna.ique des Systemes a.thropises) University de Picardie Jules Verne Amiens Cedex France

We investiga.ed whether pla.t ecotype might a.fect a.hid performa.ce a.d beha.ioi. The probing beha.iors of the polypha.ous a.hid Myzus persica. a.d the oligopha.ous a.hid Brevicoryne bra.sica. on two ecotypes of a.a.idopsis tha.ia.a. WS a.d Col-0 were recorded using the direct current electrica. penetra.ion gra.h method (DC-EPG). Myzus persica. displa.ed a.significa.t preference for the WS ecotype but wa. not grea.ly disturbed on Col-0, while B. bra.sica. discrimina.ed between the two a. tha.ia.a.ecotypes, feeding less on WS tha. on Col-0. a.Principa. Component a.a.ysis of a.hid probing beha.ior da.a.recorded on Col-0 a.d WS ecotypes showed tha. the one of M. persica. wa. positively correla.ed with the phloem ingestion pha.es while the one of B. bra.sica. wa. more rela.ed to nonfeeding pha.e. The surviva. of the a.hid species wa. followed during ea.ly la.va. sta.es on the two ecotypes a.d a.significa.tly higher morta.ity wa. observed of B. bra.sica. neona.es compa.ed to M. persica.. Both rea.ed on WS. Moreover, tra.scriptomic a.a.ysis of non infested pla.t lea.es from both ecotypes wa. monitored a.d underlined constitutive differences between Col-0 a.d WS gene expression tha. might expla.n the different a.hid beha.iors. a.ong a.unigene set comprising 39 042 sequences for a. tha.ia.a. 6% were differently expressed a.fecting, for exa.ple, the seconda.y meta.olites a.d cell wa.l pa.hwa.s: two third upregula.ed in WS a.d one third upregula.ed in Col-0. Thus, the "ecotype” va.ia.le should be ta.en into a.count when setting up a.pla.t-insect experimenta. resea.ch.

关键词： a.a.idopsis tha.ia.a Brevicoryne bra.sica. ecotypes EPG microa.ra. Myzus persica.

a.a.tive optimisa.ion of explosive rea.tive a.mour for protection a.a.nst kinetic energy a.d sha.ed cha.ge threa.s

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第10期40卷 1-12页

作者： Philipp Moldtma.n Julia. Berk Sha.non Rya. a.drea. Kla.za. Jerome Limido christopher La.ge Sa.tu Ra.a.Svetha.Venka.esh University of the Federa. a.med Forces Ha.burg Holstenhofweg 85Hamburg 22043Germany a.plied a.tificia. Intelligence Institute(a.I2) Deakin University75 Pigdons RdWaurn PondsVIC 3216Australia french-Germa. Resea.ch Institute of Sa.nt-Louis(ISL) 5 Rue de General CassagnouSaint-Louis 68300France a.STRa. 16 Rue de Isaac NewtonPlaisance-du-Touch 31830France

We eva.ua.e a. a.a.tive optimisa.ion methodology,Ba.esia. optimisa.ion(BO),for designing a.minimum weight explosive rea.tive a.mour(ERa.for protection a.a.nst a.surroga.e medium ca.ibre kinetic energy(KE)long rod projectile a.d surroga.e sha.ed cha.ge(SC)*** perform the optimisa.ion using a.conventiona. BO methodology a.d compa.e it with a.conventiona. tria.-a.d-error a.proa.h from a.huma. expert.a.third a.proa.h,utilising a.novel huma.-ma.hine tea.ing fra.ework for BO is a.so *** for the optimisa.ion is genera.ed using numerica. simula.ions tha. a.e demonstra.ed to provide rea.ona.le qua.ita.ive a.reement with reference *** huma.-ma.hine tea.ing methodology is shown to identify the optimum ERa.design in the fewest number of eva.ua.ions,outperforming both the sta.d-a.one huma. a.d sta.d-a.one BO *** a.design spa.e of a.most 1800 configura.ions the huma.-ma.hine tea.ing a.proa.h identifies the minimum weight ERa.design in 10 sa.ples.

关键词： Termina. ba.listics a.mour Explosive rea.tive a.mour Optimisa.ion Ba.esia. optimisa.ion

Defining the‘HoneySweet’insertion event utilizing NextGen sequencing a.d a.de novo genome a.sembly of plum(Prunus domestica.

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Horticulture Resea.ch 2021年第1期8卷 25-37页

作者： a.n M.Ca.la.a. Tetya.a.N.Zhebentya.eva.Jodi L.Huma.n christopher a.Sa.ki Kelsey D.Ga.imba.La.ra.L.Georgi Ra.ph Scorza.Dorrie Ma.n christopher D.Da.dick USDa.a.S Appalachian Fruit Research StationKearneysvilleWV 25430USA The Scha.z Center for Tree Molecula. Genetics Department of Ecosystem Science and ManagementThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Depa.tment of Horticulture Washington State UniversityPullmanWA 99164USA Pla.t a.d Environmenta. Sciences Depa.tment Clemson UniversityClemsonSC 29634USA Depa.tment of Genetics a.d Biochemistry Clemson UniversityClemsonSC 29634USA

HoneySweet’plum(Prunus domestica.is resista.t to Plum pox potyvirus,through a. RNa.-triggered *** the precise na.ure of the tra.sgene insertion event ha. been complica.ed due to the hexa.loid genome of *** blots previously indica.ed a. unintended ha.rpin a.ra.gement of the Plum pox potyvirus coa. protein gene a. well a. a.multicopy insertion *** confirm the tra.sgene a.ra.gement of the insertion event,‘HoneySweet’DNa.wa. subjected to whole genome sequencing using Illumina.short-rea. *** indica.ed two different insertion events,one conta.ning seven pa.tia. copies fla.ked by puta.ive plum DNa.sequence a.d a.second with the predicted inverted repea. of the coa. protein gene driven by a.double 35S promoter on ea.h side,fla.ked by plum *** determine the loca.ions of the two tra.sgene insertions,a.pha.ed plum genome a.sembly wa. developed from the commercia. plum‘Improved french’.a.subset of the sca.folds(2447)tha. were>10 kb in length a.d representing,>95%of the genome were a.nota.ed a.d used for a.ignment a.a.nst the‘HoneySweet’tra.sgene *** of eight ma.ching sca.folds spa.ned both insertion sites ra.ging from 157,704 to 654,883 bp a.a.t,however we were una.le to identify which sca.fold(s)represented the a.tua. loca.ion of the insertion sites due to potentia. sequence differences between the two plum ***,there wa. no evidence of a.y gene(s)being interrupted a. a.result of the ***,RNa.seq da.a.verified tha. the insertions crea.ed no new tra.scriptiona. units a.d no dra.a.ic expression cha.ges of neighboring genes.

关键词： plum insertion Sweet