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current Zoology 2010年第5期56卷 599-610页

作者： Winsor H.WATSON Ⅲ christopher c.chabot Department of Biological Sciences University of New Hampshire Department of Biology Plymouth State University

While several studies have documented the large-scale, seasonal movements of horseshoe crabs, little is known about their fine-scale, daily movement patterns. In this study we used a fixed array ultrasonic telemetry system to track the movements of 12 male and 16 female horseshoe crabs in the Great Bay estuary, New Hampshire. Data were obtained during the mating season, as well as during the remainder of the summer and fall, in the years 2005-2008. During the mating season animals were often, but not always, active during the high tides when they were approaching and leaving the spawning beaches. On average, both males and females approached mating beaches during 33% of the high tides they experienced and they most often made the tran- sition from being inactive to active during the last two hours of an incoming tide. From April-October horseshoe crabs were significantly more active during high tide periods vs low tide periods, with no clear preference for diurnal vs nocturnal activity. After the mating season ended horseshoe crabs continued to move into shallower water at high tide and then return to deeper water at low tide. Observations by ScUBA divers suggest that during these excursions into the mudflats horseshoe crabs were digging pits in the sediment while foraging for food. Thus, the tidal rhythm of activity that has been so well documented during the mating season probably persists into the fall, and primarily involves foraging activities

关键词： Telemetry Tracking Movements Mating Foraging Estuary

circatidal rhythms of locomotion in the American horseshoe crab Limulus polyphemus: Underlying mechanisms and cues that influence them

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current Zoology 2010年第5期56卷 499-517页

作者： christopher c.chabot Winsor H.WATSON Ⅲ Department of Biological Sciences Plymouth State University Department of Biological Sciences University of New Hampshire

While eye sensitivity in the American horseshoe crab Limulus polyphemus has long been known to be under the control of an endogenous circadian clock, only recently has horseshoe crab locomotion been shown to be controlled by a separate clock system. In the laboratory, this system drives clear activity rhythms throughout much of the year, not just during the mating season when horseshoe crabs express clear tidal rhythms in the field. Water temperature is a key factor influencing the expression of these rhythms： at 17~c tidal rhythms are expressed by most animals, while at I l^c expression of circatidal rhythms is rarely seen, and at 4~c rhythms are suppressed. Neither long （16：8 Light：Dark） nor short （8：16） photoperiods modify this behavior at any of these temperatures. Synchronization of these circatidal rhythms can be most readily effeeted by water pressure cycles both in situ and in the lab, while temperature and current cycles play lesser, but possibly contributory, roles. Interestingly, Light：Dark cycles appear to have synchronizing as well as ＂masking＂ effects in some individuals. Evidence that each of two daily bouts of activity are independent suggests that the Limulus circatidal rhythm of locomotion is driven by two （circalunidian） clocks, each with a period of 24.8h. While the anatomical locations of either the circadian clock, that drives fluctuations in visual sensitivity, or the circatidal clock, that controls tidal rhythms of locomotion, are currently unknown, preliminary molecular analyses have shown that a 71 kD protein that reacts with antibodies directed against the Drosophila PERIOD （PER） protein is found in both the pro- tocerebrum and the subesophageal ganglion

关键词： circatidal circadian circalunidian Rhythms Behavior PER Tides Locomotion

Horseshoe crab behavior:Patterns and processes

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current Zoology 2010年第5期56卷 I0001-I0003页

作者： christopher c.chabot Winsor H.Watson Ⅲ Plymouth State University University of New Hampshire

1 Introduction The Ameriean horseshoe erab Limulus PolyPhemus has long served as a souree of delight and insPiration to a broad eross-seetion of seientists-from naturalists to ***, for the last hundred years or so,new... 详细信息

关键词：行为马蹄科学家自然主义蟹

Seasonal movements of American horseshoe crabs Limulus polyphemus in the Great Bay Estuary,New Hampshire (USA)

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current Zoology 2010年第5期56卷 587-598页

作者： Susanne Y ScHALLER christopher c.chabot Winsor H.WATSON Ⅲ Department of Biological Sciences University of New Hampshire Department of Biology Plymouth State University

The goal of this study was to determine the year round movement patterns of American horseshoe crabs, Limulus polyphemus, in the Great Bay Estuary, New Hampshire （USA） by using acoustic telemetry to track the movements of 37 adult Limulus, for periods ranging from 2 to 31 months. During the winter （December-March） horseshoe crabs moved very little. In the spring, when water temperatures exceeded II^c, horseshoe crabs moved at least 1 km further up into the estuary to shallower subtidal areas about a month prior to spawning. The mean distance traveled during spring migrations was 2.6 ＋ 0.5 （n=20） km up the estuary. Mating occurred in May and June and during these months animals spent most of their time in shallow subtidal areas adjacent to mating beaches. In the summer （July-Augnst）, animals moved 1.5 ± 0.5 （n=26） km down the estuary, towards the ocean, and ranged widely, using extensive portions of the estuary. In the fall （September-November） movement was more limited （0.5 ± 0.5 km; n = 24） while animals settled into wintering locations, where they remained until spring. The mean annual linear range for all animals was 4.5 ± 0.3 km （n =35） and the maximum distance traveled by an individual horseshoe crab within one year was 9.2 km. There was no evidence that any of the horseshoe crabs tracked during this study left the estuary

关键词： Limuluspolyphemus Acoustic telemetry Horseshoe crab Tracking Estuary Home range

IgE-Mast cell mediated allergy: a sensor of food quality

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第1期9卷 8-9页

作者： christopher c.Udoye Rudolf A.Manz Institute for Systemic Inflammation Research University of LübeckLübeckGermany

In two recent studies published in Nature,Florsheim et *** Plum et *** that allergic-specific reactions induced by immunoglobulin(Ig)E mediated mast cell activation is crucial for the timely induction of antigen-avoidance behaviour.1,2 These studies prove the concept that allergic sensitization triggers the formation of avoidance behaviour and define the underlying molecular mechanism.

关键词： allergic mechanism

Quantized Redshift and its Significance for Recent Observation

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第9期24卷 156-166页

作者： Arindam Mal Sarbani Palit christopher c.Fulton Sisir Roy Indian Space Research Organization Space Applications CentreAhmedabadIndia Indian Statistical Institute CVPR UnitKolkataIndia Protostar Inc.15652 Carrousel DriveCanyon CountryCA 91387USA National Institute of Advanced Studies IISC CampusBangaloreIndia

With the recent observational evidence in extragalactic astronomy,the interpretation of the nature of quasar redshift continues to be a research *** high redshifts are being detected for extragalactic objects that are presumably very distant and young while also exhibiting properties that are characteristic of a more mature galaxy such as *** to Halton Arp and Geoffrey Burbidge,redshift disparities consist of an intrinsic component and are related to an evolutionary *** observed redshift periodicity at integer multiples of0.089 in log scale and Burbidge observed redshift periodicity at integer multiples of 0.061 in linear *** Singular Value Decomposition based periodicity estimation is known to be superior for noisy data sets,especially when the data contain multiple harmonics and overtones,mainly irregular in nature,we have chosen it to be our primary tool for analysis of the quasar-galaxy pair redshift *** have observed a fundamental periodicity of0.051 with a confidence interval of 95%in linear scale with the site-available Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 7(SDSS DR7)quasar-galaxy pair data *** have independently generated quasar-galaxy pair data sets from both 2d F and SDSS and found fundamental periodicities of 0.077 and 0.089,respectively,in log scale with a confidence interval of 95%.

关键词： galaxies:distances and redshifts (galaxies:)quasars:absorption lines cosmology:observations

Insight into endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria contacts in human amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1407-1408页

作者： Naomi Hartopp Andrea Markovinovic christopher cJ Miller Patricia Gomez-Suaga Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience University of SheffieldSheffieldUK Department of Basic and clinical Neuroscience Institute of PsychiatryPsychology and NeuroscienceLondonUK Universidad de Extremadura.Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética Facultad de Enfermería y Terapia OcupacionalCáceresSpain centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas-Instituto de Salud carlos Ⅲ(cIBER-cIBERNED-IScⅢ) MadridSpain Instituto Universitario de Investigación Biosanitaria de Extremadura(INUBE) CáceresSpain

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS) is a fastprogressing fatal neurodegenerative disease and the most common form of motor neuron *** is currently no cure and approximately 90% of cases are *** shares genetic causes,clinical and neuropathological features with frontotemporal dementia,the second most common form of presenile *** and frontotemporal dementia are therefore considered a disease spectrum(Abramzon et al.,2020).

关键词： senile sclerosis

Efficacy of adjuvant mitomycin-c and triamcinoloneimpregnated nasal packing for endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第3期17卷 480-484页

作者： Sang Yoon Kim christopher B chambers Jung Hyo Ahn Department of Ophthalmology Pusan National University Yangsan HospitalPusan National University School of MedicineResearch Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and TechnologyYangsanGyeongnam 50612Republic of Korea Department of Ophthalmology Harborview Medical CenterUniversity of Washington MedicineSeattleWashington 98109USA

●AIM:To compare the success rate and complications of adjuvant use of mitomycin c and triamcinoloneimpregnated biodegradable nasal packing(TABP)in endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy(DcR).And to evaluate the efficacy of combining intraoperative mitomycin c and TABP for endoscopic DcR.●METHODS:A total of 198 eyes of 148 patients who underwent endoscopic DcR for acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction were retrospectively *** patients were randomly divided into three groups:Group A included patients treated without intraoperative mitomycin c but with TABP,Group B included patients treated without triamcinolone but with intraoperative mitomycin c and normal saline-impregnated nasal packing,and Group c included patients treated with intraoperative mitomycin c and TABP.●RESULTS:The results revealed no significant difference in the overall success rates between Groups A(86.8%)and B(89.2%;P=0.377).However,Group c(97.5%)showed a significantly higher overall success rate than Groups A and *** incidence of granulomas was significantly lower in group c(5%)than in Groups A(20.8%)and B(15.2%;P=0.009).Other complications,such as crust,synechiae,and revision surgery,did not differ significantly among the three groups.●cONcLUSION:The combination of intraoperative mitomycin c and TABP effectively prevents granulomas and enhances surgical success ***,there is no statistically significant difference observed between the use of mitomycin c or TABP alone.

关键词： dacryocystorhinostomy endoscopic mitomycin c triamcinolone biodegradable

Phosphorus limitation on cO_(2)fertilization effect in tropical forests informed by a coupled biogeochemical model

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第4期11卷 502-515页

作者： Zhuonan Wang Hanqin Tian Shufen Pan Hao Shi Jia Yang Naishen Liang Latif Kalin christopher Anderson Natural Resources Ecology Laboratory Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO80523USA center for Earth System Science and Global Sustainability Schiller Institute for Integrated Science and SocietyBoston CollegeChestnut HillMAUSA Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Boston CollegeChestnut HillMAUSA Department of Engineering Boston CollegeChestnut HillMAUSA Research center for Eco-Environmental Sciences State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Department of Natural Resource Ecology and Management Oklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOKUSA center for Global Environmental Research(cGER) National Institute for Environmental Studies(NIES)TsukubaIbaraki305-8506Japan college of Forestry Wildlife and EnvironmentAuburn UniversityAuburnALUSA

Tropical forests store more than half of the world's terrestrial carbon(c)pool and account for one-third of global net primary productivity(NPP).Many terrestrial biosphere models(TBMs)estimate increased productivity in tropical forests throughout the 21st century due to cO_(2)***,phosphorus(P)liaitations on vegetation photosynthesis and productivity could significantly reduce the cO_(2)fertilization ***,we used a carbon-nitrogen-phosphorus coupled model(Dynamic Land Ecosystem Model;DLEM-cNP)with heterogeneous maximum carboxylation rates to examine how P limitation has affected c fluxes in tropical forests *** model results showed that the inclusion of the P processes enhanced model performance in simulating ecosystem *** further compared the simulations from DLEM-cNP,DLEM-cN,and DLEMc and the results showed that the inclusion of P processes reduced the cO_(2)fertilization effect on gross primary production(GPP)by 25%and 45%,and net ecosystem production(NEP)by 28%and 41%,respectively,relative to cN-only and c-on ly *** the 1860s to the 2010s,the DLEM-cNP estimated that in tropical forests GPP increased by 17%,plant respiration(Ra)increased by 18%,ecosystem respiration(Rh)increased by 13%,NEP increased by 121%per unit area,***,factorial experiments with DLEM-cNP showed that the enhanced NPP benefiting from the cO_(2) fertilization effect had been offset by 135%due to deforestation from the 1860s to the *** study highlights the importance of P limitation on the c cycle and the weakened cO_(2)fertilization effect resulting from P limitation in tropical forests.

关键词： Tropical forests carbon-nitrogen-phosphorus model Phosphorus limitation cO_(2)fertilization effect Terrestfial ecosy stem model

Dynamics of self-hybridized exciton–polaritons in 2D halide perovskites

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第1期13卷 13-22页

作者： Surendra B.Anantharaman Jason Lynch christopher E.Stevens christopher Munley chentao Li Jin Hou Hao Zhang Andrew Torma Thomas Darlington Francis coen Kevin Li Arka Majumdar PJames Schuck Aditya Mohite Hayk Harutyunyan Joshua R.Hendrickson Deep Jariwala Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPA19104USA KBR Inc. BeavercreekOH45431USA Air Force Research Laboratory Sensors DirectorateWright-Patterson Air Force BaseOH45433USA Department of Physics University of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA Department of Physics Emory UniversityAtlantaGA30322USA Department of chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Rice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering Rice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA Applied Physics Program Smalley‐Curl InstituteRice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Columbia UniversityNew YorkNY10027USA Department of Electrical and computer Engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA

Excitons,bound electron–hole pairs,in two-dimensional hybrid organic inorganic perovskites(2D HOIPs)are capable of forming hybrid light-matter states known as exciton-polaritons(E–Ps)when the excitonic medium is confined in an optical *** the case of 2D HOIPs,they can self-hybridize into E–Ps at specific thicknesses of the HOIP crystals that form a resonant optical cavity with the ***,the fundamental properties of these self-hybridized E–Ps in 2D HOIPs,including their role in ultrafast energy and/or charge transfer at interfaces,remain ***,we demonstrate that>0.5µm thick 2D HOIP crystals on Au substrates are capable of supporting multiple-orders of self-hybridized E–P *** E–Ps have high Q factors(>100)and modulate the optical dispersion for the crystal to enhance sub-gap absorption and *** varying excitation energy and ultrafast measurements,we also confirm energy transfer from higher energy E–Ps to lower energy E–***,we also demonstrate that E–Ps are capable of charge transport and transfer at *** findings provide new insights into charge and energy transfer in E–Ps opening new opportunities towards their manipulation for polaritonic devices.

关键词： charge polar excitation