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Occurrence of Extreme Rainfall and Flood Risks in Yopougon, Abidjan, Southeast Côte d’Ivoire from 1971 to 2022

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American Journal of Climate Change 2024年第3期13卷 427-451页

作者： Kolotioloma Alama Coulibaly Pauline Agoh Dibi-Anoh Bi Néné Jules Tah Hervé Anoh Kouadio christophe.N’da Serge Camille Ahilé Kouakou Bernard Djè Daouda Konaté Geography Department Felix Houphouet-Boigny University Abidjan Cte dIvoire National Meteorological Service Socit dExploitation et de Dveloppement Aroportuaire Aronautique et Mtorologique Abidjan Cte dIvoire BRL Ingnierie-Cte dIvoire Abidjan Cte dIvoire Graduate School of Education Lesley University Cambridge MA USA

Yopougon, located in the western part of the Autonomous District of Abidjan, is the most heavily populated municipality in Côte d’Ivoire. However, this area is prone to floods and landslides during the rainy season. The study aims to assess recent flood risks in the municipality of Yopougon of the Autonomous District of Abidjan. To achieve this objective, the study analyzed two types of data: daily rainfall from 1971 to 2022 and parameters derived from a Numerical Field and Altitude Model (NFAM). The study examined six rainfall parameters using statistical analysis and combined land use maps obtained from the NFAM of Yopougon. The results indicated that, in 67% of cases, extreme rainfall occurred mainly between week 3 of May and week 1 of July. The peak of extreme rainfall was observed in week 2 of June with 15% of cases. These are critical periods of flood risks in the Autonomous District of Abidjan, especially in Yopougon. In addition, there was variability of rainfall parameters in the Autonomous District of Abidjan. This was characterized by a drop of annual and seasonal rainfall, and an increase of numbers of rainy days. Flood risks in Yopougon are, therefore, due to the regular occurrence of rainy events. Recent floods in Yopougon were caused by normal rains ranging from 55 millimeters (mm) to 153 mm with a return period of less than five years. Abnormal heavy rains of a case study on June 20-21, 2022 in Yopougon were detected by outputs global climate models. Areas of very high risk of flood covered 18% of Yopougon, while 31% were at high risk. Climate information from this study can assist authorities to take in advance adaptation and management measures.

关键词： Yopougon-Abidjan Extreme Rainfall Rainy Day Return Period Flood Risk Areas

Toward the identi?cation and role of structural variations during dog domestication

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National Science Review 2019年第1期6卷 123-124页

作者： christophe.Hitte University of Rennes

To date, we know little about the genetic diversity and development mechanisms that, through the process of domestication, have made the modern dog emerge. Following the processes of domestication and a phase of intense artificial selection,dogs became our auxiliaries for hunting, guarding and finally our best friends. The range of phenotypic diversity in dogs today greatly exceeds that of its ancestors, the wolves, making dogs the most morphologically diverse species of terrestrial mammals[1]. To advance these domestication research questions, studies are now focusing on differences in the content, organization and structure of the genome, called structural variations (SV),as a major source of genetic and phenotypic diversity. In addi-

关键词： ORIGIN

Late Quaternary clay minerals off Middle Vietnam in the western South China Sea: Implications for source analysis and East Asian monsoon evolution

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Science China Earth Sciences 2007年第11期50卷 1674-1684页

作者： christophe.COLIN Laboratoire IDES UMR 8148 CNRS Université de Paris XI Orsay 91405 France

High-resolution clay mineral records combined with oxygen isotopic stratigraphy over the past 450 ka during late Quaternary from Core MD05-2901 off Middle Vietnam in the western South China Sea are re-ported to reconstruct a history of East Asian monsoon evolution. Variations in Illite, chlorite, and kaolinite contents indicate a strong glacial-interglacial cyclicity, while changes in smectite content present a higher frequency cyclicity. The provenance analysis indicates a mixture of individual clay minerals from various sources surrounding the South China Sea. Smectite derived mainly from the Sunda shelf and its major source area of the Indonesian islands. Illite and chlorite originated mainly from the Mekong and Red rivers. Kaolinite was provided mainly by the Pearl River. Spectral analysis of the kaolin-ite/(illite+chlorite) ratio displays a strong eccentricity period of 100 ka, implying the ice sheet-forced win-ter monsoon evolution; whereas higher frequency changes in the smectite content show an ice sheet-forced obliquity period of 41 ka, and precession periods of 23 and 19 ka and a semi-precession period of 13 ka as well, implying the tropical-forced summer monsoon evolution. The winter monsoon evolution is generally in coherence with the glacial-interglacial cyclicity, with intensified winter monsoon winds during glacials and weakened winter monsoon winds during interglacials; whereas the summer monsoon evolution provides an almost linear response to the summer insolation of low latitude in the Northern Hemisphere, with strengthened summer monsoon during higher insolation and weakened summer monsoon during lower insolation. The result suggests that the high-latitude ice sheet and low-latitude tropical factor could drive the late Quaternary evolution of East Asian winter and summer monsoons, respectively, implying their diplex and self-contained forcing mechanism.

关键词： clay minerals,provenance,East Asian monsoon,late Quaternary,Middle Vietnam,South China Sea

Dihydrosphingosine-lnduced Programmed Cell Death in Tobacco BY-2 Cells Is Independent of H2O2 Production

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Molecular Plant 2011年第2期4卷 310-318页

作者： christophe.Lachaud Universite de Toulouse UPS UMR 5546 Surfaces Cellulaires et Signalisation chez les Vegetaux BP 42617 F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan France CNRS UMR 5546 BP 42617 F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan France

Sphinganine or dihydrosphingosine （d18：0, DHS）, one of the most abundant free sphingoid Long Chain Base （LCB） in plants, has been recently shown to induce both cytosolic and nuclear calcium transient increases and a correlated Programmed Cell Death （PCD） in tobacco BY-2 cells. In this study, in order to get deeper insight into the LCB signaling pathway leading to cell death, the putative role of Reactive Oxygen Species （ROS） has been investigated. We show that DHS triggers a rapid dose-dependent production of H2O2 that is blocked by diphenyleniodonium （DPI）, indicating the involvement of NADPH oxidase（s） in the process. In addition, while DPI does not block DHS-induced calcium increases, the ROS production is inhibited by the broad spectrum calcium channel blocker lanthanum （La^3＋）. Therefore, ROS production occurs downstream of DHS-induced Ca^2＋ transients. Interestingly, DHS activates expression of defense-related genes that is inhibited by both La^3＋ and DPI. Since DPI does not prevent DHS-induced cell death, these results strongly indicate that DHS-induced H2O2 production is not implicated in PCD mechanisms but rather would be associated to basal cell defense mechanisms.

关键词： Tobacco BY-2 cells calcium signaling cytosolic calcium aequorin sphingolipids LCBs dihydrosphingosine sphinganine apoptosis Programmed Cell Death (PCD) Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) H2O2 oxidative burst.

Targeted therapy for capillary-venous malformations

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第7期9卷 3024-3039页

作者： Lola Zerbib Sophia Ladraa Antoine Fraissenon Charles Bayard Marina Firpion Quitterie Venot Sanela Protic Clément Hoguin Amandine Thomas Sylvie Fraitag Jean-Paul Duong Sophie Kaltenbach Estelle Balducci Coline Lefevre Patrick Villarese Vahid Asnafi Christine Broissand Nicolas Goudin Ivan Nemazanyy Gwennhael Autret Bertrand Tavitian christophe.Legendre Nadia Arzouk Veronique Minard-Colin Caroline Chopinet Michael Dussiot Denise MAdams Tristan Mirault Laurent Guibaud Paul Isenring Guillaume Canaud UniversitéParis Cité ParisFrance INSERM U1151 Institut Necker-Enfants MaladesParisFrance Service d’Imagerie Pédiatrique Hôpital Femme-Mère-EnfantHCLBronFrance CREATIS UMR 5220 Villeurbanne 69100France Service de Radiologie Mère-Enfant Hôpital NordSaint EtienneFrance Service d’Anatomie pathologique Hôpital Necker-Enfants MaladesAP-HPParisFrance Laboratoire d’Oncohématologie Hôpital Necker-Enfants MaladesAP-HPParisFrance Pharmacie Hôpital Necker-Enfants MaladesAP-HPParisFrance Necker Bio-Image Analysis INSERM US24/CNRS UMS 3633ParisFrance Platform for Metabolic Analyses Structure Fédérative de Recherche NeckerINSERM US24/CNRS UMS 3633ParisFrance Plateforme Imageries du Vivant Universitéde ParisPARCCINSERMParisFrance Service de Néphrologie Transplantation AdultesHôpital Necker-Enfants MaladesAP-HPParisFrance Service de Transplantation Hôpital La PitiéSalpétrièreAP-HPParisFrance Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology INSERM 1015Gustave RoussyUniversitéParis-SaclayVillejuifFrance Service de Physiologie&Explorations Fonctionnelles Cardiovasculaires CHU de LilleLille 59000France INSERM U1163 Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Hematological Disorders and Therapeutic ImplicationsLaboratoire d’Excellence GR-ExParisFrance Division of Oncology Comprehensive Vascular Anomalies ProgramChildren’s Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPAUSA Service de Médecine Vasculaire hôpital Européen Georges-PompidouParisFrance Nephrology Research Group L’Hôtel-Dieu de Québec Research CenterDepartment of MedicineFaculty of MedicineLaval UniversityQuebecQC G1R2J6Canada Unitéde médecine translationnelle et thérapies ciblées Hôpital Necker-Enfants MaladesAP-HPParisFrance CNRS UMR8253 Institut Necker-Enfants MaladesParisFrance

Sporadic venous malformations are genetic conditions primarily caused by somatic gain-of-function mutation of PIK3CA or TEK,an endothelial transmembrane receptor signaling through *** malformations are associated with pain,bleedings,thrombosis,pulmonary embolism,esthetic deformities and,in severe cases,life-threatening *** authorized medical treatment exists for patients with venous ***,we created a genetic mouse model of PIK3CA-related capillary venous malformations that replicates patient *** showed that these malformations only partially signal through AKT *** compared the efficacy of different drugs,including rapamycin,a mTORC1 inhibitor,miransertib,an AKT inhibitor and alpelisib,a PI3Kαinhibitor at improving the lesions seen in the mouse *** demonstrated the effectiveness of alpelisib in preventing vascular malformations’occurrence,improving the already established ones,and prolonging *** these findings,we were authorized to treat 25 patients with alpelisib,including 7 children displaying PIK3CA(n=16)or TEK(n=9)-related capillary venous malformations resistant to usual therapies including sirolimus,debulking surgical procedures or percutaneous *** assessed the volume of vascular malformations using magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)for each *** demonstrated improvement in all 25 *** malformations previously considered intractable were reduced and clinical symptoms were *** showed a decrease of 33.4%and 27.8%in the median volume of PIK3CA and TEK malformations respectively,over 6 months on *** conclusion,this study supports PI3Kαinhibition as a promising therapeutic strategy in patients with PIK3CA or TEK-related capillary venous malformations.

关键词： PIK3CA malformations venous

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连接中欧,塑造未来

今日中国 2024年第10期73卷 22-23页

作者：邓敬熙瑞士德科集团

中欧双方强强联手,将培养面向未来、推动经济增长的人才队伍。备受期待的2024中欧人才论坛重点关注人才发展的未来,为进一步增进中欧关系、加强中欧交流提供了一个宝贵平台。长期以来,中欧交往一直注重相互尊重,并在贸易、科技、教育和... 详细信息

中欧双方强强联手,将培养面向未来、推动经济增长的人才队伍。备受期待的2024中欧人才论坛重点关注人才发展的未来,为进一步增进中欧关系、加强中欧交流提供了一个宝贵平台。长期以来,中欧交往一直注重相互尊重,并在贸易、科技、教育和文化等各领域开展深度合作。在中欧培养适应性强、创新水平高、有韧性的人才,对于推动中欧关系持续蓬勃发展至关重要。我们今天面临的全球性挑战—从科技的快速进步到环境问题的不断出现—都在告诉我们,人类需要一支技术娴熟、能够灵活适应环境变化的人才队伍。

关键词：人才队伍中欧关系深度合作全球性挑战相互尊重强强联手灵活适应面向未来

Needs of thermodynamic properties measurements and modeling in the frame of new regulations on refrigerants

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2007年第5期8卷 724-733页

作者： COQUELET christophe.RICHON Dominique School of Mines of Paris CEP/TEPCNRS FRE 286135rue Saint HonoréFontainebleau 77305France

In 1987, the Montreal Protocol prohibited the worldwide use and production of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) and hydro fluorocarbons (HFCs) were proposed as alternative refrigerants. Unfortunately, HFCs have non negligible global warning potential and therefore new refrigerants must be proposed or old refrigerants must be used associated with HFC. Accurate experimental thermodynamic data and predictive techniques are required for better under-standing of the performance of the newly proposed refrigerants. In this communication, experimental techniques based on either analytic or synthetic methods are first described. Data are reported. Then two newly developed predictive models based on thermodynamic approach with the isofugacity criterion and artificial neural network method are presented. The results can provide better evaluation of refrigerants, especially with the aim of studying global warning effects.

关键词： Refrigerants Experimental apparatus Thermodynamic Modeling Vapor-liquid equilibria (VLE) Phase diagram Density

Generalized LMMSE Filtering with Out-of-Sequence Observations in Arbitrary Constant Delay

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2019年第6期28卷 1217-1226页

作者： LEI Ming BAEHR christophe.JING Zhongliang School of Aeronautics and Astronautics Shanghai Jiao Tong University Météo-France National Meteorological Research Centre/CNRS

Focusing on the problem of state estimation in the presence of sensor faults and Out-of-sequence measurement(OOSM) observations synchronously, we derive a formulation of Linear minimum mean squared error(LMMSE) filter with the arbitrary time delay of OOSM, the generalization of the present work lies in simultaneous treatment of correlated faults together with OOSMs that arrive at an arbitrary delay in a linear-optimal manner. The approach is demonstrated in a numerical comparison.

关键词： Out-of-sequence measurement(OOSM) Linear minimum mean squared error(LMMSE) Arbitrary time delay Sensor faults Fault-tolerant estimation Multisensor fusion

A note on the regularity of the holes for permeability property through a perforated domain for the 2D Euler equations:Dedicated to Professor Jean-Yves Chemin on the Occasion of His 60th Birthday

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Science China Mathematics 2019年第6期62卷 1121-1142页

作者： christophe.Lacave Chao Wang Institut Fourier Université Grenoble AlpesCNRS School of Mathematical Sciences Peking University

For equations of order two with the Dirichlet boundary condition, as the Laplace problem, the Stokes and the Navier-Stokes systems, perforated domains were only studied when the distance between the holes d_ε is equal to or much larger than the size of the holes ε. Such a diluted porous medium is interesting because it contains some cases where we have a non-negligible effect on the solution when(ε, d_ε) →(0, 0).Smaller distances were avoided for mathematical reasons and for these large distances, the geometry of the holes does not affect or rarely affect the asymptotic result. Very recently, it was shown for the 2D-Euler equations that a porous medium is non-negligible only for inter-holes distances much smaller than the sizes of the *** this result, the boundary regularity of holes plays a crucial role, and the permeability criterion depends on the geometry of the lateral boundary. In this paper, we relax slightly the regularity condition, allowing a corner, and we note that a line of irregular obstacles cannot slow down a perfect fluid in any regime such thatε ln d_ε→ 0.

关键词： ideal fluids homogenization in perforated domains shrinking obstacles and the porous medium domains with corners