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Immunobiodiversity:Conserved and specific immunity across land plants and beyond

Molecular Plant 2024年第1期17卷 92-111页

作者： Baptiste Castel Karima El Mahboubi christophe jacquet Pierre-Marc Delaux Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales(LRSV) Universitéde ToulouseCNRSUPSToulouse INPCastanet-TolosanFrance

Angiosperms represent most plants that humans cultivate,grow,and eat.However,angiosperms are only one of five major land plant lineages.As a whole lineage,plants also include algal groups.All these clades represent a tremendous genetic diversity that can be investigated to reveal the evolutionary history of any given mechanism.In this review,we describe the current model of the plant immune system,discuss its evolution based on the recent literature,and propose future directions for the field.In angiosperms,plant–microbe interactions have been intensively studied,revealing essential cell surface and intracellular immune receptors,as well as metabolic and hormonal defense pathways.Exploring diversity at the genomic and functional levels demonstrates the conservation of these pathways across land plants,some of which are beyond plants.On basis of the conserved mechanisms,lineage-specific variations have occurred,leading to diversified reservoirs of immune mechanisms.In rare cases,this diversity has been harnessed and successfully transferred to other species by integration of wild immune receptors or engineering of novel forms of receptors for improved resistance to pathogens.We propose that exploring further the diversity of immune mechanisms in the whole plant lineage will reveal completely novel sources of resistance to be deployed in crops.

关键词： evolution MPMI immunity plant evoMPMI symbiosis

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Comparison of alternative arterial anastomosis site during liver transplantation when the recipient’s hepatic artery is unusable

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2022年第1期11卷 1-12页

作者： Jean Marie Beaurepaire Francesco Orlando Giovanni Battista Levi Sandri Caroline Jezequel Edouard Bardou-jacquet christophe Camus Mohamed Lakehal Veronique Desfourneaux Aude Merdrignac Elodie Gaignard Alexandre Thobie Damien Bergeat Bernard Meunier Michel Rayar CHU Rennes Service de Chirurgie Hépatobiliaire et DigestiveRennesFrance UniversitéRennes 1 Facultéde MédecineRennesFrance CHU Rennes Service des Maladies du FoieRennesFrance INSERM CIC 1414RennesFrance CHU Rennes Service de Maladies Infectieuses et Réanimation MédicaleRennesFrance

Background:Few studies have analyzed outcomes of liver transplantation(LT)when the recipient hepatic artery(HA)was not usable.Methods:We retrospectively evaluated the outcomes of LT performed using the different alternative sites to HA.Results:Between 2002 and 2017,1,677 LT were performed in our institution among which 141(8.4%)with unusable recipient HA were analyzed.Four groups were defined according to the site of anastomosis:the splenic artery(SA group,n=26),coeliac trunk(CT group,n=12),aorta using or not the donor’s vessel(Ao group,n=91)and aorta using a vascular prosthesis(Ao-P group,n=12)as conduit.The median number of intraoperative red blood cell transfusions was significantly increased in the Ao and Ao-P groups(5,5,8.5 and 16 for SA,CT,Ao and Ao-P group respectively,P=0.002),as well as fresh frozen plasma(4.5,2.5,10,17 for the SA,CT,Ao and Ao-P groups respectively,P=0.001).Hospitalization duration was also significantly increased in the Ao and Ao-P groups(15,16,24,26.5 days for the SA,CT,Ao and Ao-P groups respectively,P<0.001).The occurrence of early allograft dysfunction(EAD)(P=0.07)or arterial complications(P=0.26)was not statistically different.Level of factor V,INR,bilirubin and creatinine during the 7th postoperative days(POD)was significantly improved in the SA group.No difference was observed regarding graft(P=0.18)and patient(P=0.16)survival.Conclusions:In case of unusable HA,intraoperative and postoperative outcomes are improved when using the SA or CT compared to aorta.

关键词： Liver transplantation(LT) hepatic artery(HA) arterial anastomosis splenic artery(SA)

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Iron metabolism imbalance at the time of listing increases overall and infectious mortality after liver transplantation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第16期26卷 1938-1949页

作者： Elodie Fallet Michel Rayar Amandine Landrieux christophe Camus Pauline Houssel-Debry Caroline Jezequel Ludivine Legros Thomas Uguen Martine Ropert-Bouchet Karim Boudjema Dominique Guyader Edouard Bardou-jacquet Service des Maladies du Foie CHU RennesUniversity RennesRennes 35033France Service de Chirurgie Hepatobilaire CHU RennesUniversity RennesRennes 35033France Service de Réanimation médicale CHU RennesUniversity RennesRennes 35033France Laboratoire de biochimie CHU RennesUniversity RennesRennes 35033France

BACKGROUND Liver transplantation(LT)is the best treatment for patients with liver cancer or end stage cirrhosis,but it is still associated with a significant mortality.Therefore identifying factors associated with mortality could help improve patient management.The impact of iron metabolism,which could be a relevant therapeutic target,yield discrepant results in this setting.Previous studies suggest that increased serum ferritin is associated with higher mortality.Surprisingly iron deficiency which is a well described risk factor in critically ill patients has not been considered.AIM To assess the impact of pre-transplant iron metabolism parameters on posttransplant survival.METHODS From 2001 to 2011,553 patients who underwent LT with iron metabolism parameters available at LT evaluation were included.Data were prospectively recorded at the time of evaluation and at the time of LT regarding donor and recipient.Serum ferritin(SF)and transferrin saturation(TS)were studied as continuous and categorical variable.Cox regression analysis was used to determine mortality risks factors.Follow-up data were obtained from the local and national database regarding causes of death.RESULTS At the end of a 95-mo median follow-up,196 patients were dead,38 of them because of infections.In multivariate analysis,overall mortality was significantly associated with TS>75%[HR:1.73(1.14;2.63)],SF400μg/L)have lower survival rates at 36 mo than patients with normal SF(P=0.008 and P=0.016 respectively).Patients with TS higher than 75%had higher mortality at 12 mo(91.4%±1.4%vs 84.6%±3.1%,P=0.039).TS>75%was significantly associated with infection related death[HR:3.06(1.13;8.23)].CONCLUSION Our results show that iron metabolism imbalance(either deficiency or overloa

关键词： Iron deficiency Overload Cirrhosis Infection Death Ferritin Transferrin saturation

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