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Influence of"protective"symbionts throughout the different steps of an aphid-parasitoid interaction

Current Zoology 2021年第4期67卷 441-453页

作者： Corentin Sochard Laura Bellec Jean-christophe Simon Yannick Outreman IGEPP INRAEInstitut AgroUniv Rennes35000RennesFrance IGEPP INRAEInstitut AgroUniv Rennes35650Le RheuFrance

Microbial associates are widespread in insects,some conferring a protection to their hosts against natural enemies like *** protective symbionts may affect the infection success of the parasitoid by modifying behavioral defenses of their hosts,the development success of the parasitoid by conferring a resistance against it or by altering life-history traits of the emerging ***,we assessed the effects of different protective bacterial symbionts on the entire sequence of the host-parasitoid interaction(i.e.,from parasitoid attack to offspring emergence)between the pea aphid,Acyrthosiphon pisum,and its main parasitoid,Aphidius ervi and their impacts on the life-history traits of the emerging *** test whether symbiont-mediated phenotypes were general or specific to particular aphid-symbiont associations,we considered several aphid lineages,each harboring a different strain of either Hamiltonella defensa or Regiella insecticola,two protective symbionts commonly found in *** found that symbiont species and strains had a weak effect on the ability of aphids to defend themselves against the parasitic wasps during the attack and a strong effect on aphid resistance against parasitoid *** parasitism resistance was mainly determined by symbionts,their effects on host defensive behaviors varied from one aphid-symbiont association to ***,the symbiotic status of the aphid individuals had no impact on the attack rate of the parasitic wasps,the parasitoid emergence rate from parasitized aphids nor the life-history traits of the emerging ***,no correlations between symbiont effects on the different stages of the host-parasitoid interaction was observed,suggesting no trade-offs or positive associations between symbiont-mediated *** study highlights the need to consider various sequences of the host-parasitoid interaction to better assess the outcomes of protective symbioses and understand the

关键词： Acyrthosiphon pisum defensive behaviors Hamiltonella defensa host-parasitoid interactions protective symbioses Regiella insecticola

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Spin squeezing in Bose-Einstein condensates： Limits imposed by decoherence and non-zero temperature

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Frontiers of physics 2012年第1期7卷 86-97页

作者： Alice Sinatra (1) Jean-christophe Dornstetter (1) Yvan Castin (1) 1. Laboratoire Kastler Brossel Ecole Normale Supérieure UPMC and CNRS Paris France

We consider dynamically generated spin squeezing in interacting bimodal condensates. We show that particle losses and non-zero temperature effects in a multimode theory completely change the scaling of the best squeezing for large atom numbers. We present the new scalings and we give approximate analytical expressions for the squeezing in the thermodynamic limit. Besides reviewing our recent theoretical results, we give here a simple physical picture of how decoherence acts to limit the squeezing. We show in particular that under certain conditions the decoherence due to losses and non-zero temperature acts as a simple dephasing.

关键词： Bose-Einstein condensate decoherence

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Role of ethylene and proteolytic N-degron pathway in the regulation of Arabidopsis seed dormancy

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2021年第12期63卷 2110-2122页

作者： Xu Wang Malaika Maraya Gomes christophe Bailly Eiji Nambara Francoise Corbineau UMR7622 Biologie du Développement Sorbonne UniversitéIBPSCNRSParis F-75005France Department of Cell and Systems Biology University of TorontoTorontoOntarioM5S 3B2Canada

Primary dormant seeds of Arabidopsis thaliana did not germinate in darkness at temperature higher than 10–15℃.Ethylene improved the germination of dormant wild-type(Col-0)seeds at 25℃ in darkness but seeds of the mutant affected in the proteolytic N-degronpathway,proteolysis6(prt6),were insensitive to ethylene suggesting that PRT6 was involved in dormancy release by *** substrates of the N-degron pathway,the Ethylene Response Factors from group VII(HRE1,HRE2,RAP2.2,RAP2.3,and RAP2.12),were identified to be involved in this insensitivity with an increased germination in prt6 rap2.2 rap2.3 rap2.12 rather than in prt6 hre1 hre2,which also indicated that the three RAPs acted downstream of PRT6,while the two HREs acted upstream of *** reduced the expression of the three RAPs in Col-0 seeds but they were maintained or induced by ethylene in prt6 *** promoting effect of ethylene was associated with a down-regulation of dormancy-related genes in gibberellins(GAs)and abscisic acid(ABA)signaling,such as RGA,RGL2,and ABI5,and with a strong decrease in ABA/GA4 ratio in the presence of *** contrast,we show that the insensitivity of prt6 seeds to ethylene was mainly related to GA signaling disturbance.

关键词： abscisic acid/gibberellin Arabidopsis thaliana L dormancy Ethylene Response Factors ethylene germination N-degron pathway proteolysis6

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Interfacial charge transfer and photocatalytic activity in a reverse designed Bi_(2)O_(3)/TiO_(2)core-shell

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Frontiers in Energy 2021年第3期15卷 732-743页

作者： Sabina Ait ABDELKADER Zhenpeng CUI Abdelghani LAACHACHI christophe COLBEAU-JUSTIN Mohamed Nawfal GHAZZAL UniversitéParis-Saclay UMR 8000CNRSInstitut de Chimie PhysiqueOrsay 91405France Materials Research and Technology Department(MRT) Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology(LIST)Käerjeng 4940Luxembourg

In this study,the electronic and photocatalytic properties of core-shell heterojunctions photocatalysts with reversible configuration of TiO_(2)and Bi_(2)O_(3)layers were *** core-shell nanostructure,obtained by efficient control of the sol-gel polymerization and impregnation method of variable precursors of semiconductors,makes it possible to study selectively the role of the interfacial charge transfer in each *** morphological,optical,and chemical composition of the core-shell nanostructures were characterized by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy,UV-visible spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron *** results show the formation of homogenous TiO_(2)anatase and Bi_(2)O_(3)layers with a thickness of around 10 and 8 nm,*** interfacial charge carrier dynamic was tracked using time resolved microwave conductivity and transition photocurrent *** charge transfer,their density,and lifetime were found to rely on the layout layers in the core-shell *** optimal core-shell design,Bi_(2)O_(3)collects holes from TiO_(2),leaving electrons free to react and increase by 5 times the photocatalytic efficiency toward H2 *** study provides new insight into the importance of the design and elaboration of optimal heterojunction based on the photocatalyst system to improve the photocatalytic activity.

关键词： photocatalysis core-shell heterojunction H2 TiO_(2) Bi_(2)O_(3)

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Lateral ring compression test applied to a small caliber steel jacket:Identification of a constitutive model

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第6期36卷 133-148页

作者： Yann Coget Yael Demarty christophe Czarnota Anthony Bracq Jean-Sebastien Brest Alexis Rusinek French-German Research Institute of Saint-Louis 5 Rue Du General Cassagnou68300 Saint-LouisFrance Laboratoire d'Etude des Microstructures et de Mecanique des Materiaux(LEM3) CNRSUniversite de LorraineArts&Metiers ParisTechF-57000 MetzFrance

The evolution of threats and scenarios requires continuous performance improvements of ballistic protections for armed *** a modeling point of view,it is necessary to use sufficiently precise material behavior models to accurately describe the phenomena observed during the impact of a projectile on a protective *** this context,the goal of this paper is to characterize the behavior of a small caliber steel jacket by combining experimental and numerical *** experimental method is based on the lateral compression of ring specimens directly machined from the thin and small *** speeds and temperatures are considered in a quasi-static regime in order to reveal the strain rate and temperature dependencies of the tested *** Finite Element Updating Method(FEMU)is *** results are coupled with an inverse optimization method and a finite element numerical model in order to determine the parameters of a constitutive model representative of the jacket *** of the present model are verified against experimental results and a parametric study as well as a discussion on the identified material parameters are *** results indicate that the strain hardening parameter can be neglected and the behavior of the thin steel jacket can be described by a modeling without strain hardening sensitivity.

关键词： Full metal jacket ammunition Lateral ring compression Inverse identification Numerical simulation

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The interplay between DNA topoisomerase 2a posttranslational modifications and drug resistance

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2020年第2期3卷 149-160页

作者： christophe Lotz Valérie Lamour Integrative Structural Biology Department IGBMCUniversitéde StrasbourgCNRS UMR 7104INSERM U1258Illkirch 67404France Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg Strasbourg 67000 France

The type 2 DNA topoisomerases(Top2)are conserved enzymes and biomarkers for cell *** catalytic activities of the human isoform Top2a are essential for the regulation of DNA topology during DNA replication,transcription,and chromosome ***2a is a prominent target for anti-cancer drugs and is highly regulated by post-translational modifications(PTM).Despite an increasing number of proteomic studies,the extent of PTM in cancer cells and its importance in drug response remains largely *** this review,we highlight the different modifications affecting the human Top2a in healthy and cancer cells,taking advantage of the structure-function information accumulated in the past *** also overview the regulation of Top2a by PTM,the level of PTM in cancer cells,and the resistance to therapeutic compounds targeting the Top2 ***,this review underlines the importance of future studies addressing more systematically the interplay between PTM and Top2 drug resistance.

关键词： DNA topoisomerase drug resistance post-translational modifications etoposide

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Density Functional Theory and Tight Binding-Based Dynamical Studies of Carbon Metal Systems of Relevance to Carbon Nanotube Growth

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Nano Research 2009年第10期2卷 774-782页

作者： Kim Bolton Anders Börjesson Wuming Zhu Hakim Amara christophe Bichara School of Engineering University of BoråsSE-50190BoråsSweden Department of Physics Gothenburg UniversitySE-41296GothenburgSweden LEM ONERA/CNRS29 Avenue de la Division LeclercF92322 ChatillonFrance CINaM CNRS13288 MarseilleFrance

Density functional theory(DFT)and tight binding(TB)models have been used to study systems containing single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWNTs)and metal clusters that are of relevance to SWNT growth and *** particular,TB-based Monte Carlo(TBMC)simulations at 1000 or 1500 K show that Ni atoms that are initially on the surface of the SWNT or that are clustered near the SWNT end diffuse to the nanotube end so that virtually none of the Ni atoms are located inside the *** occurs,in part,due to the lowering of the Ni atom energies when they retract from the SWNT to the interior of the *** of the atoms at the SWNT end does not change the chirality within the simulation time,which supports the application of SWNT regrowth(seeded growth)as a potential route for chirality-controlled SWNT ***-based geometry optimisation and direct dynamics at 2000 K show that Cr and Mo atoms in Cr5Co50 and Mo5Co50 clusters prefer to be distributed in the interior of the *** of these calculations should deepen our understanding of the role of the various alloy components in SWNT growth.

关键词： Carbon nanotube growth metal alloy clusters tight binding Monte Carlo direct dynamics

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Flux pinning effect of cubic equiaxed morphology and its Ti stabilizing in Nb_3Sn superconductors

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2009年第10期52卷 3071-3075页

作者： Andre SULPICE Jean-Louis SOUBEYROUX christophe VERWAERDE Gia Ky HOANG NEEL/CNRS-UJF BP 166 38042 Grenoble ALSTOM 3 bis avenue des 3 Chenes 90018 Belfort

Two sets of internal-Sn Nb3Sn superconducting strands were fabricated through RRP method, one with 2 wt% of Ti alloyed in Sn core and the other just pure Sn. Four reaction temperatures of 650℃, 675℃, 700℃ and 725℃ and 128 h duration were applied for A15 phase formation heat treatment after Cu-Sn alloying procedure of 210℃/50 h + 340℃/25 h. For the heat-treated coil samples, transport non-Cu JC was examined through standard 4-probe technique and phase microstructure was observed by means of Field Emission Scanning Electronic Microscope (FESEM). The obtained results demonstrate that the transport critical current density JC of Nb3Sn superconductors is more importantly determined by the cubic equiaxed crystalline morphology than by grain size. Ti addition in Sn stabilizes the cubic equiaxed phase at lower temperature so that heat reaction temperature is effectively reduced, the flux pinning performance is largely reinforced and the transport critical current density JC is substantially promoted.

关键词： internal-Sn Nb3Sn strands cubic equiaxed morphology flux pinning Ti stabilizing transport non-Cu JC

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Extended Topp-Leone family of distributions as an alternative to beta and Kumaraswamy type distributions:Application to glycosaminoglycans concentration level in urine

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2021年第2期14卷 59-81页

作者： christophe Chesneau Vikas Kumar Sharma Hassan S.Bakouch LMNO University of Caen-NormandieCaenFrance Department of Statistics Institute of ScienceBanaras Hindu UniversityVaranasiIndia Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceUniversity of TantaTantaEgypt

In this paper,we introduce a modified family of distributions that unifies three different families with only one tuning parameter;the so-called exp-G,Topp–Leone-G and exp-half-G families of *** study mathematical properties of the proposed family,including linear representations,quantile function,probability weighted moments,reliability parameter and stochastic *** of the corresponding parametric statistical model is outlined,with estimation of the parameters by the method of maximum likelihood and investigation for possible applications to glycosaminoglycans concentration level in urine over the beta Weibull and Kumaraswamy Weibull *** goodness-of-fit of five other members of the family is also *** model is also discussed using the proposed distribution and applied to establish the relationship between the glycosaminoglycans concentration level and age of the children.

关键词： Topp-Leone distribution Weibull distribution estimation fitting data regression model

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Stress testing electrical grids:Generative Adversarial Networks for load scenarion

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Energy and AI 2022年第3期9卷 182-192页

作者： Matteo Rizzato Nicolas Morizet William Maréchal christophe Geissler Advestis 69 Boulevard HaussmannParis75008France

As the energy transition is upon us,the replacement of combustion engines by electrical ones will imply a greater stress on the electrical grid of different ***,it is of paramount importance to simulate a great number of hypothetical multi-variant scenarios to correctly plan the roll-out of new *** this paper,we deploy Generative Adversarial Networks(GANs)to swiftly reproduce the non-Gaussian and multimodal distribution of real energy-related samples,making GANs a valuable tool for data generation in the *** particular,we propose an original dataset deriving from the aggregation of two European providers including hourly electric inland generation from several European *** dataset also comes along with the corresponding season,day of the week,hour of the day and macro-economic variables aiming at unequivocally describing the country’s energetic ***,we evaluate the performance of our model via dedicated metrics capable of grasping the non-Gaussian nature of the data and compare it with the state-of-the-art model for tabular data generation.

关键词： Generative Adversarial Networks Artificial data Electrical grid Simulation Load profiles

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