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Strawberry (Fragaria spp.): Cultivation, Production, Consumption, and Marketing in Cameroon

Agricultural Sciences 2024年第4期15卷 449-471页

作者： Djeuani Astride Carole Moutamal Djem Rose Theophine Derricka Mbouobda Hermann Désiré Abdoulaye Souaibou Meliga Essimi Célestine Bouopda Nono Joël Anafack Donasson Dioril Messouang Bernard Didier Ndongo III Boris Charlen Kaffo Emmanuel Kamga Fossouo Anselme Xavier Tiki Antoine Marie Kevin Nyimiebolo Bengono Audrey Maguy Manuela Diobe Motassy Adounga Samuel Brice Amama Amama Benjamin Nshanji Jones Panguepko Fendju christophe Nzie Oussena Nguetrapouna Issofa Mpon Ikoyin Linda NKouéya Christelle Ladone Amang Amang A. Ziem Niemenak Nicolas Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Department of Biological Sciences Higher Teachers&#8217 Training College University of Yaound&#233 1 Yaound&#233 Cameroon Department of Plant Biology Faculty of Science University of Yaound&#233 1 Yaound&#233 Cameroon Department of Biology Higher Teachers&#8217 Training College Bambili University of Bamenda Bamenda Cameroon Mbidjoro Sustainable Living Environment Ngaound&#233r&#233 Cameroon Cé r&#232s Agricole Yaound&#233 Cameroon KAFFO Farm Baham Cameroon Agro Ankh Dschang Cameroon Bio Farm of Lolodorf Lolodorf Cameroon Or Rouge d’ Afrique Obala Cameroon Bafoussam Farm Bafoussam Cameroon King Farms Baham Cameroon Department of Microbiology Faculty of Science University of Yaound&#233 1 Yaound&#233 Cameroon

Strawberry (Fragaria spp.) is one of the most important fruits classified as exotic fruits imported into Cameroon. To have an inventory of its cultivation in Cameroon, a survey study was carried out among eight farms of Fragaria spp. from January 2021 to February 2022. The plant was introduced in Cameroon in 2018. There are 13 varieties of Fragaria spp. currently cultivated. Among these 13 varieties, eleven are hybrids of Fragaria x ananassa (“Amiga”, “Amine”, “Camarosa”, “Chandler”, “Charlotte”, “Elsanta”, “Gariguette”, “Madame Moutot”, “Ostara”, “Ruby gem” and “San Andreas”), and two of the hybrids of Fragaria vesca (“Maestro” and “Mara des bois”). The cropping system, irrigation system, and type of fertilizers applied differ from one strawberry farm to another. Biofertilizers (such as mycorrhizal), inorganic and organic fertilizers are actually used to improve production. The potential annual production of strawberries from January 2021 to February 2022, estimated based on the survey data, was 21.216 tons for all growers. Among these eight production farms, the Lolodorf BIO Farm presents 6000 kg (six tons) of strawberries and 100,000 stolons (seedlings) produced, from seven varieties of Fragaria spp. cultivated, with 6 varieties which are hybrids variety Fragaria x ananassa (“Amiga”, “Amine”, “Chandler”, “Gariguette”, “Madame Moutot”, and “Ruby gem”), and one which is a hybrid of Fragaria vesca (“Mara des bois”). Certain diseases were also observed and recorded depending on the growing areas.

关键词： Fragaria spp. Cultivation Technique Attack of Pathogens Annual Production Cameroon

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First Report of a Successful Development of Yam Hybrids(Dioscorea alata L.)from Lyophilized and Long-Term Stored Pollens

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国际实验植物学杂志(英文) 2023年第10期92卷 2861-2874页

作者： Erick Malédon Elie Nudol christophe Perrot Marie-Claire Gravillon Ronan Rivallan Denis Cornet Hâna Chair Komivi Dossa CIRAD UMR AGAP InstitutPetit BourgGuadeloupe97170France UMR AGAP Institut Univ MontpellierCIRADINRAEInstitut AgroMontpellierF-34398France CIRAD UMR AGAP InstitutMontpellierF-34398France

Various biological constraints including erratic and asynchronous flowering between male and female plants hinder successful hybrid development and genetic gains in greater yam breeding ***,pollen storage has gained much attention to facilitate artificial pollinations and increase the genetic *** 4-year study aimed at developing a practical long-term pollen storage technique for the successful development of yam *** pollens were collected from two Dioscorea alata males,then lyophilized(two lyophilization treatments were applied),followed by storage at room temperature(24℃–25℃)for 12 ***,the lyophilized and stored pollens were tested for viability by crossing with four female *** results showed that lyophilization is effective for achieving viable pollens after 12 months of *** 1(48 h drying)showed higher pollen germination and fertility rates than Treatment 2(72 h drying).Although we observed a reduction in viability of lyophilized pollens after 12 months of storage,we generated hybrid seedlings with success rates from 12%to 21%compared to 21%–31%when using fresh *** testing based on molecular genotyping confirmed the hybrid status of the obtained seedlings,which grew well in a *** is a practical approach for a long-term storage of greater yam pollen *** protocol will positively impact yam breeding programs particularly in developing countries.

关键词： Yam freeze-drying pollen conservation genetic gain

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A graph-based approach for the structural analysis of road and building layouts

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2019年第1期22卷 59-72页

作者： Mathieu Domingo Rémy Thibaud christophe Claramunt Department of Computer Science University of Pau and Pays de l’AdourPauFrance Naval Academy Research Institute Brest CedexFrance

A better understanding of the relationship between the structure and functions of urban and suburban spaces is one of the avenues of research still open for geographical information *** research presented in this paper develops several graph-based metrics whose objective is to characterize some local and global structural properties that reflect the way the overall building layout can be cross-related to the one of the road *** structural properties are modeled as an aggregation of parcels,buildings,and road *** introduce several computational measures(Ratio Minimum Distance,Minimum Ratio Minimum Distance,and Metric Compactness)that respectively evaluate the capability for a given road to be connected with the whole road *** measures reveal emerging sub-network structures and point out differences between less-connective and moreconnective parts of the *** on these local and global properties derived from the topological and graph-based representation,and on building density metrics,this paper proposes an analysis of road and building layouts at different levels of *** metrics developed are applied to a case study in which the derived properties reveal coherent as well as incoherent neighborhoods that illustrate the potential of the approach and the way buildings and roads can be relatively connected in a given urban ***,and by integrating the parcels and buildings layouts,this approach complements other previous and related works that mainly retain the configurational structure of the urban network as well as morphological studies whose focus is generally limited to the analysis of the building layout.

关键词： Urban and suburban spaces graph-based modeling structural analysis GIS

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Depleted uranium oxide supported nickel catalyst for autothermal CO_(2)methanation in non-adiabatic reactor under induction heating

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第10期85卷 310-323,I0010页

作者： Lai Truong-Phuoc Jean-Mario Nhut Loïc Vidal Cuong Duong-Viet Sécou Sall Corinne Petit christophe Sutter Mehdi Arab Alex Jourdan Cuong Pham-Huu Institute of Chemistry and Processes for Energy Environment and Health(ICPEES)ECPMUMR 7515 CNRS-University of Strasbourg25 rue Becquerel67087 Strasbourg Cedex 02France BlackLeaf SAS 210 rue Geiler de Kaysersberg67400 IllkirchFrance Institute of Materials Science of Mulhouse IS2MUMR 7361Universitéde Haute-AlsaceCNRS15rue Jean Starcky-BP 248868057 MulhouseFrance ORANO Tricastin Direction de La Recherche&DéveloppementSite du TRICASTIN BP 1626701 Pierrelatte CedexFrance

Undoped nickel-based catalysts supported on depleted uranium oxide allow one to carry out CO_(2)methanation process under extremely low reaction temperature under atmospheric pressure and powered by a contactless induction *** adjusting the reaction conditions,the catalyst is able to perform CO_(2)methanation reaction under autothermal process operated inside a non-adiabatic reactor,without any external energy *** autothermal process is possible thanks to the high apparent density of the UO_x which allows one to confine the reaction heat in a small catalyst volume in order to confine the exothermicity of the reaction inside the catalyst and to operate the reaction at equilibrium heat in-heat *** autothermal operation mode allows one to significantly reduce the complexity of the process compared to that operated using adiabatic reactor,where complete insulation is required to prevent heat disequilibrium,in order to reduce as much as possible,the heat exchange with the external *** catalyst displays an extremely high stability as a function of time on stream as no apparent *** is expected that such new catalyst with unprecedented catalytic performance could open new era in the field of heterogeneous catalysis where traditional supports show their limitations to operate catalytic processes under severe reaction conditions.

关键词： CO_(2)methanation Auto-methanation Induction heating Depleted uranium oxide Electrification process Operando DRIFTS

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Enhanced weathering input from South Asia to the Indian Ocean since the late Eocene

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Science Bulletin 2023年第3期68卷 305-313,M0004页

作者： Zehua Song Shiming Wan christophe Colin Christian France-Lanord Zhaojie Yu Arnaud Dapoigny Hualong Jin Mengjun Li Jin Zhang Debo Zhao Xuefa Shi Anchun Li Key Laboratory of Marine Geology and Environment Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Laboratory for Marine Geology Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266061China UniversitéParis-Saclay Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique(CNRS)Géosciences Paris-Saclay(GEOPS)Orsay 91405France Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change Chinese Academy of SciencesXi’an 710061China Centre de Recherches Pétrographiques et Géochimiques(CRPG) Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique(CNRS)-Universitéde LorraineVandoeuvre les Nancy 54501France Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement LSCE/IPSLCEA-CNRS-UVSQUniversitéParis-SaclayGif-sur-Yvette 91191France Key Laboratory of Marine Sedimentology and Environmental Geology First Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural ResourcesQingdao 266061China

nhanced silicate weathering induced by the uplift of the Himalayan-Tibetan Plateau(HTP)has been considered as the major cause of pCO_(2) decline and Cenozoic ***,this hypothesis remains to be validated,largely due to the lack of a reliable reconstruction of the HTP weathering ***,we present a 37-million-year record of the difference in the seawater radiogenic neodymium isotopic composition(△ε_(Nd))of Ocean Drilling Program(ODP)sites and Fe-Mn crusts between the northern and central Indian Ocean,which indicates the contribution of regional weathering input from the South Asian continent to the Indian *** results show a long-term increase in △ε_(Nd) and thus provide the first critical evidence of enhanced South Asian weathering input since the late *** evolution coincided well with major pulses of surface uplift in the HTP and global climatic *** foraminiferal eNd record suggests that tectonic uplift and silicate weathering in South Asia,especially in the Himalayas,might have played a significant role in the late Cenozoic cooling.

关键词： South Asian weathering input Himalayan-Tibetan Plateau uplift Cenozoic global cooling Foraminiferal eNd record Indian Ocean ODP Site 758

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Wave propagation analysis for a second strain gradient rod theory

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2020年第10期33卷 2563-2574页

作者： Guang ZHU christophe DROZ Abdelmalek ZINE Mohamed ICHCHOU Vibroacoustics&Complex Media Research Group LTDS–CNRS UMR 5513Centre Lyonnais d’Acoustique CeLyAEcole Centrale de LyonUniversite de LyonFrance Institute Camille Jordan–CNRS UMR 5208 Ecole Centrale de LyonFrance

In this work,an enriched model describing the longitudinal wave propagation is established based on Mindlin’s Second Strain Gradient(SSG)theory,which can describe the heterogeneity caused by the micro-structure interactions in the frame of continuum *** governing equation and associated boundary conditions are derived based on Hamilton’s principle,then the dispersion relation of non-classical longitudinal wave together with the extra-waves appearing exclusively in SSG theory model are *** investigations are based on the modal density,energy flow,and forced response of the *** transmission and reflection through planar interfaces based on the proposed model have been ***,the results of the enriched model are well interpreted by comparing with the classical theory results,and some useful conclusions are derived on the SSG theory based model in the wave propagation characterization.

关键词： Dynamic behavior Energy flow Enriched rod model Reflection and transmission Second strain gradient theory Wave propagation features

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A quantum cascade laser infrared spectrometer for CO_2 stable isotope analysis：Field implementation at a hydrocarbon contaminated site under bio-remediation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第2期28卷 60-74页

作者： christophe Guimbaud Cécile Noel Michel Chartier Valéry Catoire Michaela Blessing Jean christophe Gourry Claude Robert Laboratoire de Physique et de Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E) CNRS et Universite d'Orleans (UMR 7328)45071 Orleans cedex 2 France Bureau de Recherches Geologiques et Minieres (BRGM) 45060 Orleans cedex 2 France

Real-time methods to monitor stable isotope ratios of CO_2 are needed to identify biogeochemical origins of CO_2 emissions from the soil–air interface. An isotope ratio infra-red spectrometer（IRIS） has been developed to measure CO_2 mixing ratio with δ~13C isotopic signature, in addition to mixing ratios of other greenhouse gases（CH_4, N2_O）. The original aspects of the instrument as well as its precision and accuracy for the determination of the isotopic signature δ~13C of CO_2 are discussed. A first application to biodegradation of hydrocarbons is presented, tested on a hydrocarbon contaminated site under aerobic bio-treatment. CO_2 flux measurements using closed chamber method is combined with the determination of the isotopic signature δ~13C of the CO_2 emission to propose a non-intrusive method to monitor in situ biodegradation of hydrocarbons. In the contaminated area, high CO_2 emissions have been measured with an isotopic signature δ~13C suggesting that CO_2 comes from petroleum hydrocarbon *** first field implementation shows that rapid and accurate measurement of isotopic signature of CO_2 emissions is particularly useful in assessing the contribution of contaminant degradation to the measured CO_2 efflux and is promising as a monitoring tool for aerobic bio-treatment.

关键词： Isotope ratio infrared spectrometry Isotopic signature δ^(13)C of CO_2 Biodegradation monitoring Hydrocarbons BTEX

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Regulation of CD137 expression through K-Ras signaling in pancreatic cancer cells

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Cancer Communications 2019年第1期39卷 379-389页

作者： christophe Glorieux Peng Huang Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhou 510060GuangdongP.R.China

Background:The interaction between CD137 and its ligand(CD137L)plays a major role in the regulation of immune functions and affects cancer ***137 is a cell surface protein mainly located on activated T cells,and its regulation and functions in immune cells are well ***,the expression of CD137 and its regulation in cancer cells remain poorly *** main purposes of this study were to examine the expression of CD137 in pancreatic cancer cells and to investigate its underlying ***:Cells containing inducible K-RasG12V expression vector or with different K-Ras mutational statuses were used as in vitro models to examine the regulation of CD137 expression by *** molecular assays were employed to explore the regulatory *** specimens from 15 pancreatic cancer patients and serum samples from 10 patients and 10 healthy donors were used to test if the expression of CD137 could be validated in clinical ***:We found that the CD137 protein was expressed on the cell surface in pancreatic cancer tissues and cancer cell ***-linked immunosorbent assay revealed no difference in the levels of secreted CD137 in the sera of patients and healthy *** using the K-Ras inducible cell system,we further showed that oncogenic K-Ras up-regulated CD137 through the activation of MAPK(mitogen-activated protein kinases)and NF-κB(nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells)pathways,as evidenced by significantly reduced CD137 mRNA expression led by genetic silencing of MAPK1 and p65,the key proteins involved in the respective ***-more,we also found that the NF-κB pathway was mainly stimulated by the K-Ras-induced secretion of interleukin-1α(IL-1α)which promoted the transcription of the CD137 gene in pancreatic cancer cell *** of the TCGA(the cancer genome atlas)database also revealed a significant correlation between IL-1αand CD137 expression(r=0.274)in tumor s

关键词： CD137 K-Ras IL-1α(interleukin-1 alpha) MAPK(mitogen-activated protein kinases) NF-κB(nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells) Pancreatic cancer Oxidative stress Soluble CD137

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Experiments on thermo-hydro-mechanical behaviour of Opalinus Clay at Mont Terri rock laboratory, Switzerland

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2017年第3期9卷 120-128页

作者： Paul Bossart David Jaeggi christophe Nussbaum Swiss Geological Survey at swisstopo Wabern Switzerland

Repositories for deep geological disposal of radioactive waste rely on multi-barrier systems to isolate waste from the biosphere.A multi-barrier system typically comprises the natural geological barrier provided by the repository host rock e in our case the Opalinus Clay e and an engineered barrier system(EBS).The Swiss repository concept for spent fuel and vitrified high-level waste(HLW)consists of waste canisters,which are emplaced horizontally in the middle of an emplacement gallery and are separated from the gallery wall by granular backfill material(GBM).We describe here a selection of five in-situ experiments where characteristic hydro-mechanical(HM)and thermo-hydro-mechanical(THM)processes have been *** first example is a coupled HM and mine-by test where the evolution of the excavation damaged zone(EDZ)was monitored around a gallery in the Opalinus Clay(ED-B experiment).Measurements of pore-water pressures and convergences due to stress redistribution during excavation highlighted the HM *** same measurements were subsequently carried out in a heater test(HE-D)where we were able to characterise the Opalinus Clay in terms of its THM *** yielded detailed data to better understand the THM behaviours of the granular backfill and the natural host *** a presentation of the Swiss concept for HLW storage,we designed three demonstration experiments that were subsequently implemented in the Mont Terri rock laboratory:(1)the engineered barrier(EB)experiment,(2)the in-situ heater test on key-THM processes and parameters(HE-E)experiment,and(3)the full-scale emplacement(FE)*** first demonstration experiment has been dismantled,but the last two ones are on-going.

关键词： Deep geological disposal Radioactive waste Demonstration experiments Engineered barrier system(EBS) Granular backfill material(GBM) Bentonite Thermo-hydro-mechanical(THM) behaviour

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Numerical investigation of electric field distortion induced by internal defects in composite insulators

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High Voltage 2017年第4期2卷 253-260页

作者： Gbah Kone christophe Volat Hassan Ezzaidi Modeling and Diagnostic of Power Network Equipment Laboratory University of Quebec at Chicoutimi555 Bd.de l'UniversitéQCCanada G7H 2B1

This paper presents an exhaustive study of numerical investigations based on three-dimensional finite-element method modelling of several non-ceramic insulators of 69,110 and 230 kV having different internal semi-conductive defects in terms of size and *** internal defects were positioned close to the high-voltage electrode,the ground electrode and at floating *** simulations effected on the distortion of the axial and radial E-field components close to the insulator shank between *** results obtained showed that the radial E-field component is more sensitive to the presence of an internal defect as it shows a greater distortion in presence of the *** was also observed that the E-field component distortion increases with longer internal defect and that this increase is particularly important for a defect at floating ***,it was demonstrated that the length of the insulator,for a defect of constant length,has no significant influence on the E-field component ***,the results demonstrated that the presence of a grading ring,as used on the 230 kV insulator,does not have any influence on the E-field component distortion,independently of the defect position.

关键词： distortion insulator defect

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