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Optical probing of ultrafast laser-induced solid-to-overdense-plasma transitions

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第5期13卷 973-984页

作者： Yasmina Azamoum Georg Alexander becker Sebastian Keppler Guillaume duchateau Stefan Skupin Mickael Grech Fabrice Catoire Sebastian Hell Issa Tamer Marco Hornung Marco Hellwing Alexander Kessler Franck Schorcht Malte christoph Kaluza GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung Planckstr.164291 DarmstadtGermany. Helmholtz Institute Jena Fröbelstieg 307743 JenaGermany. Institute of Optics and Quantum Electronics Friedrich-SchillerUniversität JenaMax-Wien-Platz 107743 JenaGermany. CEA-CESTA 15 Avenue des SablièresCS6000133116 Le BarpCedexFrance Institut Lumière Matière UMR 5306-CNRSUniversitéde Lyon 169622 VilleurbanneFrance. LULI CNRSCEASorbonne UniversitéInstitut Polytechnique de ParisPalaiseauFrance. Universitéde Bordeaux-CNRS-CEA CELIAUMR 5107 TalenceFrance

Understanding the solid target dynamics resulting from the interaction with an ultrashort laser pulse is a challenging fundamental multi-physics problem involving atomic and solid-state physics,plasma physics,and laser *** of the initial interplay of the underlying processes is essential to many applications ranging from lowpower laser regimes like laser-induced ablation to high-power laser regimes like laser-driven ion *** the properties of the so-called pre-plasma formed as the laser pulse’s rising edge ionizes the target is complicated from the theoretical and experimental point of view,and many aspects of this laser-induced transition from solid to overdense plasma over picosecond timescales are still open *** the one hand,laser-driven ion acceleration requires precise control of the pre-plasma because the efficiency of the acceleration process crucially depends on the target properties at the arrival of the relativistic intensity peak of the *** the other hand,efficient laser ablation requires,for example,preventing the so-called“plasma shielding”.By capturing the dynamics of the initial stage of the interaction,we report on a detailed visualization of the pre-plasma formation and ***-thin diamond-like carbon foils are shown to transition from solid to plasma during the laser rising edge with intensitiesd probe transmission measurements evidence sub-picosecond dynamics of an expanding plasma with densities above 10^(23)cm^(−3)(about 100 times the critical plasma density).The complementarity of a solid-state interaction model and kinetic plasma description provides deep insight into the interplay of initial ionization,collisions,and expansion.

关键词： laser acceleration solid

Improving the haploidization toolbox:Maternal factors take the stage

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Molecular Plant 2023年第4期16卷 651-653页

作者： Maria Flores-Tornero Helena Sapeta Jorg d.becker Instituto de Tecnologia Quimica e Biologica Universidade Nova de LisboaAv.daRepublica2780-157OeirasPortugal

Plant breeders have a great interest in obtaining plants that are genetically homogeneous as quickly as possible,with high efficiency and at low *** approaches,including selfing or backcrossing,cannot provide *** technologies,however,offer a solution and are therefore the subject of intensive research,in particular during the last decade.

关键词： breed homogeneous quickly

Prospective cohort study on facial profile changes in infants with Robin sequence and healthy controls

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第6期20卷 581-589页

作者： Cornelia Wiechers Julian Sowula Karen Kreutzer christoph E.Schwarz Christina Weismann Michael Krimmel Christian F.Poets Bernd Koos department of Neonatology Tuebingen University HospitalCalwerstrasse 772076 TuebingenGermany Center for Cleft Lip Palate and Craniofacial MalformationsTuebingen University HospitalTuebingenGermany department of Orthodontics Tuebingen University HospitalTuebingenGermany department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Tuebingen University HospitalTuebingenGermany

Background Various conservative and surgical approaches exist to treat Robin sequence(RS),but their effects on facial profile and mandibular catch-up growth are unclear.A functional treatment concept,used in our centre for 25 years,includes an individualized palatal plate with a velo-pharyngeal extension and intensive feeding *** We performed a prospective study to objectively describe facial profiles in infants with RS treated with the above *** with isolated RS were admitted to our tertiary perinatal and national referral centre for craniofacial malformations between May 2018 and Nov *** with RS received 3d-photographs during clinically indicated *** controls were recruited from dec 2018 to Sep 2019 and received 3d-photographs every 3 *** digitally measured jaw index(JI),defined as alveolar overjet(O)x maxillary arch(U)/mandibular arch(L),and the soft tissue reference points A’-point,Nasion’,B’-point angle(ANB’),describing the relative position of maxilla to mandible,were *** mixed models were used to examine time trajectories in JI and ANB’.Results A total of 2073d images,obtained in 19 infants with RS and 32 controls,were *** and ANB’decreased over time in both groups[for JI−0.18(95%CI−0.25 to−0.10);for ANB’:−0.40°per month[(95%CI−0.48 to−0.32)]]but remained lower in controls[for JI−2.5(95%CI−3.2 to−1.8);for ANB’-1.7°(95%CI−2.4 to−1.0)].Also,the ANB’model showed a significant effect of the interaction term diagnosis x *** Based on longitudinal 3d images,we describe changes in objective parameters of facial profile in infants with and without RS during the first year of *** findings indicate catch-up growth in infants treated for RS.

关键词： Infant Mandibular catch-up growth Pre-epiglottic Baton Plate Robin sequence Three-dimensional photography

Metabolic collaboration between cells in the tumor microenvironment has a negligible effect on tumor growth

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The Innovation 2024年第2期5卷 107-114页

作者： Johan Gustafsson Fariba Roshanzamir Anders Hagnestål Sagar M.Patel Oseeyi I.daudu donald F.becker Jonathan L.Robinson Jens Nielsen department of Life Sciences Chalmers University of TechnologySE-41296 GothenburgSweden Hagnesia AB SE-43854 HindåsSweden department of Biochemistry and Redox Biology Center University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE 68588USA BioInnovation Institute DK2200 CopenhagenDenmark

The tumor microenvironment is composed of a complex mixture of different cell types interacting under conditions of nutrient deprivation,but the metabolism therein is not fully understood due to difficulties in measuring metabolic fluxes and exchange of metabolites between different cell types in ***-scale metabolic modeling enables estimation of such exchange fluxes as well as an opportunity to gain insight into the metabolic behavior of individual cell ***,we estimated the availability of nutrients and oxygen within the tumor microenvironment using concentration measurements from blood together with a metabolite diffusion *** addition,we developed an approach to efficiently apply enzyme usage constraints in a comprehensive metabolic model of human *** combined modeling reproduced severe hypoxic conditions and the Warburg effect,and we found that limitations in enzymatic capacity contribute to cancer cells’preferential use of glutamine as a substrate to the citric acid ***,we investigated the common hypothesis that some stromal cells are exploited by cancer cells to produce metabolites useful for the cancer *** identified over 200 potential metabolites that could support collaboration between cancer cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts,but when limiting to metabolites previously identified to participate in such collaboration,no growth advantage was *** work highlights the importance of enzymatic capacity limitations for cell behaviors and exemplifies the utility of enzyme-constrained models for accurate prediction of metabolism in cells and tumor microenvironments.

关键词： metabolism effect limitations

Production of the X(4014)as the Spin-2 Partner of X(3872)in e^(+)e^(-)Collisions

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Chinese Physics Letters 2024年第3期41卷 30-36页

作者： Pan-Pan Shi Vadim Baru Feng-Kun Guo christoph Hanhart Alexey Nefediev CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics Institute of Theoretical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China departamento de F′ısica Te′orica and IFIC Centro Mixto Universidad de Valencia-CSIC Institutos de Investigaci′on de PaternaAptdo.2208546071 ValenciaSpain Institut fur Theoretische Physik II Ruhr-Universitat BochumD-44780 BochumGermany Peng Huanwu Collaborative Center for Research and Education Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Institute for Advanced Simulation Institut fur Kernphysik and Julich Center for Hadron PhysicsForschungszentrum JulichD-52425 JulichGermany Jozef Stefan Institute Jamova 391000LjubljanaSlovenia CeFEMA Center of Physics and Engineering of Advanced MaterialsInstituto Superior T′ecnicoAvenida Rovisco Pais 11049-001 LisboaPortugal

In 2021,the Belle collaboration reported the first observation of a new structure in theψ(2S)γfinal state produced in the two-photon fusion *** the hadronic molecule picture,this new structure can be associatedwith the shallow isoscalar d*d* bound state and as such is an excellent candidate for the spin-2 partner of the X(3872)with the quantum numbers J^(PC)=2^(++)conventionally named X_(2).

关键词： process X(3872) Collisions

质粒dNA物理形态和其它因素对获得可育转基因小麦的影响

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实验生物学报 2001年第3期34卷 183-189页

作者：徐子勤 d.becker H.Lrz 西北大学生物技术省重点实验室西安710069 德国汉堡大学普通植物学研究所汉堡d22609

本工作分析了不同形态质粒dNA和未成熟胚高渗透压处理对基因枪小麦转化体系的适用性。高渗处理对瞬间表达和转基因小麦的再生均有明显的促进作用。轰击之前对质粒dNA进行变性处理导致瞬间表达反应大幅度下降,但稳定转化频率(指从100个... 详细信息

本工作分析了不同形态质粒dNA和未成熟胚高渗透压处理对基因枪小麦转化体系的适用性。高渗处理对瞬间表达和转基因小麦的再生均有明显的促进作用。轰击之前对质粒dNA进行变性处理导致瞬间表达反应大幅度下降,但稳定转化频率(指从100个轰击未成熟胚得到的再生可育转基因植株数)与双链dNA相差不大。使用单链质粒dNA、线性双链质粒dNA和环状双链质粒dNA均可以得到转基因小麦植株。迄今已得到26个不同的转基因冬小麦株系和4个不同的转基因春小麦株系。这些转基因小麦大多数已产生种子,几个春小麦株系已获第二代种子。

关键词：转基因小麦质粒dNA 物理形态稳定转化育性

The Properties and Applications of MoS_2/Ti Composite Coatings in dry Cutting and Forming

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材料热处理学报 2004年第5B期25卷 894-898页

作者： XiaolingZhang HailinSun d.becker S.Wagner d.G.Teer TeerCoatingsLtd. WestStineHouseBerryHillIndustrialEstateDroitwichWorcestershireUK InstituteforMetalFormingTechnology stuttgartUniversityStuttgartGermany

MoSi/Ti composite coatings (MoST?), have been deposited by a closed-field unbalanced magnetron sputter ion-plating system. The high ion-current densities at low substrate bias voltage of the system ensures that the MoST? coatings are characteristic of dense coherent structures, with high adhesion (critical scratch load above 120 N), high load bearing capacity up to 5 GPa., low friction (0.02-0.1), high wear resistance (less than 4xlO"17 m3/N m) even at a relative humidity of 40%, and high temperature resistance up to 350 °C. The successful applications of MoST? coatings in large- scale productions for dry cutting and forming, with increasing lifetime and productivity are presented.

关键词： MoS2/Ti复合涂层干切割低摩擦力磁控管溅射

Application of ACP Nonlinear Math in Analyzing Arithmetic and Radiation Transmission data (Application 1 & 2) [4-21-2024, 820P] (V)

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2024年第6期12卷 2302-2319页

作者： Ralph W. Lai Melisa W. Lai-becker Grace Cheng-dodge 28 Cornerstone Ct. Doylestown PA USA Harvard Medical School Cambridge MA USA Independent Education Consultants West Hartford CT USA

In this study, we explore the application of ACP (asymptotic curve based and proportionality oriented) Alpha Beta (αβ) Nonlinear Math to analyze arithmetic and radiation transmission data. Specifically, we investigate the relationship between two variables. The novel approach involves collecting elementary “y” data and subsequently analyzing the asymptotic cumulative or demulative (opposite of cumulative) Y data. In part I, we examine the connection between the common linear numbers and ideal nonlinear numbers. In part II, we delve into the relationship between X-ray energy and the radiation transmission for various thin film materials. The fundamental physical law asserts that the nonlinear change in continuous variable Y is negatively proportional to the nonlinear change in continuous variable X, expressed mathematically as dα = −Kdβ. Here: dα {Y, Yu, Yb} represents the change in Y, with Yu and Yb denoting the upper and baseline asymptote of Y. dβ {X, Xu, Xb} represents the change in X, with Xu and Xb denoting the upper and baseline asymptote of X. K represents the proportionality constant or rate constant, which varies based on equation arrangement. K is the key inferential factor for describing physical phenomena.

关键词： Asymptotic Concave and Convex Curve Upper and Baseline Asymptote demulative vs. Cumulative Coefficient of determination Proportionalityand Position Constant Skewed Bell and Sigmoid Curve

通过卡那霉素选择体系再生可育小麦转基因植株

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自然科学进展（国家重点实验室通讯） 2001年第5期11卷 486-491页

作者：徐子勤 d.becker H.Lrz 西北大学生物技术省重点实验室 Institut fur Allgemeine Botanik Universita HamburgHamburg D-22609Germany

使用卡那霉素作为选择剂建立起一套有效的小麦转化体系,预培养3d的未成熟胚在基因枪轰击前后进行高渗处理,轰击后于26℃、黑暗条件培养2周,然后用150mg/L硫酸卡那霉素选择培养2周,再转至含150mg/L硫酸卡那霉素的再生培养基进行光照培养... 详细信息

使用卡那霉素作为选择剂建立起一套有效的小麦转化体系,预培养3d的未成熟胚在基因枪轰击前后进行高渗处理,轰击后于26℃、黑暗条件培养2周,然后用150mg/L硫酸卡那霉素选择培养2周,再转至含150mg/L硫酸卡那霉素的再生培养基进行光照培养。再生植株在温室中长出2～3片新叶后用2.5％硫酸卡那霉素水溶液喷洒;4周内,非转化体完全白化并枯萎,而转基因植株生长正常,用水稻Actinl启动子控制nptⅡ基因,卡那霉素选择体系的平均转化频率达到2.6％,高渗处理明显促进瞬间表达效果和稳定转化频率。目前已得到23个转基因小麦株系,大多数已经产生种子。Southern分析表明这些转基因株系均整合有不同拷贝的nptⅡ基因。

关键词：卡那霉素选择预培养高渗处理可育转基因小麦基因枪