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Optical probing of ultrafast laser-induced solid-to-overdense-plasma transitions

Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第5期13卷 973-984页

作者： Yasmina Azamoum Georg Alexander becker Sebastian Keppler Guillaume Duchateau Stefan Skupin Mickael Grech Fabrice Catoire Sebastian Hell Issa Tamer Marco Hornung Marco Hellwing Alexander Kessler Franck Schorcht Malte christoph Kaluza GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung Planckstr.164291 DarmstadtGermany. Helmholtz Institute Jena Fröbelstieg 307743 JenaGermany. Institute of Optics and Quantum Electronics Friedrich-SchillerUniversität JenaMax-Wien-Platz 107743 JenaGermany. CEA-CESTA 15 Avenue des SablièresCS6000133116 Le BarpCedexFrance Institut Lumière Matière UMR 5306-CNRSUniversitéde Lyon 169622 VilleurbanneFrance. LULI CNRSCEASorbonne UniversitéInstitut Polytechnique de ParisPalaiseauFrance. Universitéde Bordeaux-CNrS-CEA CELIAUMR 5107 TalenceFrance

Understanding the solid target dynamics resulting from the interaction with an ultrashort laser pulse is a challenging fundamental multi-physics problem involving atomic and solid-state physics,plasma physics,and laser *** of the initial interplay of the underlying processes is essential to many applications ranging from lowpower laser regimes like laser-induced ablation to high-power laser regimes like laser-driven ion *** the properties of the so-called pre-plasma formed as the laser pulse’s rising edge ionizes the target is complicated from the theoretical and experimental point of view,and many aspects of this laser-induced transition from solid to overdense plasma over picosecond timescales are still open *** the one hand,laser-driven ion acceleration requires precise control of the pre-plasma because the efficiency of the acceleration process crucially depends on the target properties at the arrival of the relativistic intensity peak of the *** the other hand,efficient laser ablation requires,for example,preventing the so-called“plasma shielding”.By capturing the dynamics of the initial stage of the interaction,we report on a detailed visualization of the pre-plasma formation and ***-thin diamond-like carbon foils are shown to transition from solid to plasma during the laser rising edge with intensitiesr-infrared probe transmission measurements evidence sub-picosecond dynamics of an expanding plasma with densities above 10^(23)cm^(−3)(about 100 times the critical plasma density).The complementarity of a solid-state interaction model and kinetic plasma description provides deep insight into the interplay of initial ionization,collisions,and expansion.

关键词： laser acceleration solid

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Multi-slice and Dual-source CT in Cardiac Imaging: Principles — Protocols — Indications — Outlook 2nd ed.

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2007年

作者： Bernd M. Ohnesorge PhD, Thomas G. Flohr PhD, christoph r. becker MD, Andreas Knez MD, Maximilian F. reiser MD (auth.)

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Evaluation of a handheld creatinine measurement device for real-time determination of serum creatinine in radiology departments

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World Journal of radiology 2012年第7期4卷 328-334页

作者： Stefan Haneder Alexandra Gutfleisch Claudia Meier Joachim Brade Dieter Hannak Stefan O Schoenberg christoph r becker Henrik J Michaely Institute of Clinical radiology and Nuclear Medicine University Medical Centre Mannheim University of Heidelberg 68167 Mannheim Germany Institute for Clinical Statistics University Medical Centre Mannheim University of Heidelberg 68167 Mannheim Germany Institute of Clinical Chemistry University Medical Centre Mannheim University of Heidelberg 68167 Mannheim Germany Institute of Clinical radiology Hospital Munich-Grosshadern University of Munich 81377 Munich Germany

AIM: To assess the feasibility/accuracy of a commercial handheld device in the context of increased demand for point-of-care serum creatinine (SCr) determination. METHODS: In this institutional review board-approved, prospective study, 401 patients referred for contrastenhanced computed tomography were included at two centres. Capillary (c)SCr was determined using two devices A+B and venous (v)SCr was determined in the centre's laboratory. Method comparison statistics for both centres and for vSCr1.2 mg/dL, receiver operating characteristic analysis, negative predictive values (NPV), sensitivity and specificity were calculated pre-/ post-curve offset correction with vSCr. rESULTS: Pearson's coefficients for cSCr vs vSCr were: centre 1-A:0.93/B:0.92; centre 2-A:0.85/B:0.82 (all P rall correlation was better for vSCr > 1.2 mg/dL. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curves showed a high accuracy for cSCr, but the device underestimated SCr, which was confirmed by Bland-Altman plot. Addition of the offset correction factor to the original data from centre 1 resulted in an improvement in sensitivity for detecting patients at risk (> 1.2 mg/dL), whilst maintaining acceptable specificity and improving NPV. CONCLUSION: This study showed the feasibility of SCr determination using the evaluated handheld device in a routine clinical setting. The device showed high sensitivity and high NPV, but may significantly underestimate SCr without offset correction to local laboratories.

关键词： Contrast-medium-induced nephropathy Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis Point of care testing Serum creatinine determination StatSensor

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Positive predictors for gastroesophageal reflux disease and the therapeutic response to proton-pump inhibitors

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第14期20卷 4017-4024页

作者： Valentin becker Stefan Grotz christoph Schlag Simon Nennstiel Analena Beitz Bernhard Haller roland M Schmid Alexander Meining Monther Bajbouj Ⅱ. Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik Technische Universit?t München Institut für Medizinische Statistik und Epidemiologie Technische Universit?t München

AIM:To identify objective and subjective predictors for the reliable diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease(GErD)and the response to proton pump inhibitor(PPI)***:retrospectively,683 consecutive patients suspected for GErD who underwent pH-metry/impedance measurement(pH/MII)were *** patients had previously undergone standard PPI treatment(e.g.,pantoprazole 40 mg/d or comparable).Four hundred sixty patients were at least 10 d off PPIs(group A),whereas 223 patients were analyzed during their ongoing PPI therapy(group B).In addition,all patients completed a standardized symptom-and lifestyle-based questionnaire,including the therapeutic response to previous PPI trials on a 10-point *** multivariance analyses were performed to identify criteria associated with positive therapeutic response to ***:In group A,positive predictors(PPs)for response in empirical PPI trials were typical GErD symptoms(heartburn and regurgitation),a positive symptom index(SI)and pathological results in pH/MII,along with atypical symptoms,including hoarseness and *** group B,regular alcohol consumption was associated with the therapeutic *** PPs for pathological results in pH/MII in group A included positive SI,male gender,obesity,heartburn and *** group B,the PPs were positive SI and *** for positive SI,the PPs were pathological pH and/or MII,heartburn regurgitation,fullness,nausea and vomiting in group A and pathological pH and/or MII in group ***:Anamnestic parameters(gender,obesity,alcohol)can predict PPI *** non-obese,female patients with non-typical reflux symptoms,pH/MII should be considered instead of empirical PPIs.

关键词： Gastroesophageal reflux Gastroesophageal reflux di

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New aspects in the pathomechanism and diagnosis of the laryngopharyngeal reflux-clinical impact of laryngeal proton pumps and pharyngeal p H metry in extraesophageal gastroesophageal reflux disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第3期21卷 982-987页

作者： Valentin becker romina Drabner Simone Graf christoph Schlag Simon Nennstiel Anna Maria Buchberger roland M Schmid Dieter Saur Monther Bajbouj Ⅱ.Medizinische Klinik Klinikum rechts der IsarTechnische Universit?t München81675 MünchenGermany Hals-Nasen Ohren Klinik Klinikum rechts der IsarTechnische Universit?t München81675 MünchenGermany

AIM:To determine the laryngeal H+K+-ATPase and pharyngeal p H in patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux(LPr)-symptoms as well as to assess the symptom scores during PPI ***:Endoscopy was performed to exclude neoplasia and to collect biopsies from the posterior cricoid area(immunohistochemistry and PCr analysis).Immunohistochemical staining was performed with monoclonal mouse antibodies against human H+K+-*** real-time rT-PCr for each of the H+K+-ATPase subunits was *** p H values were assessed in the aerosolized environment of the oropharynx(Dxp H Catheter) and compared to a subsequently applied combined p H/MII ***:Twenty patients with LPr symptoms were *** only one patient,the laryngeal H+K+-ATPase was verified by immunohistochemical *** another patient,real-time rT-PCr for each H+K+-ATPase subunit was *** out of twenty patients had pathological results in Dxp H,and 6/20 patients had pathological results in p H/*** patients had pathological results in both functional *** out of twenty patients responded to ***:The laryngeal H+K+-ATPase can only be sporadically detected in patients with LPr symptoms and is unlikely to cause the LPr *** hypotheses for the pathomechanism are *** role of pharyngeal p H-metry remains unclearand its use can only be recommended for patients in a research study setting.

关键词： Laryngopharyngeal reflux Proton pump inhibitor Gas

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Neonatal and Young Infant Sepsis in a regional Hospital in Ghana

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2021年第2期11卷 281-300页

作者： Innocent Afeke Misa Hirose Kokou Hefoume Amegan-Aho christoph Haertel Mareike becker Ahmed Moustafa Paul Schilf Mohamed Tarek Badr Graceful Lord Mensah Hintermann Kobina Mbroh Jan rupp Saleh Ibrahim Luebeck Institute for Experimental Dermatology University of Luebeck Luebeck Germany Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences School of Allied Health Sciences University of Health and Allied Sciences Ho Volta Region Ho Ghana Department of Paediatrics School of Medicine University of Health and Allied Sciences Ho Volta Region Ho Ghana Department of Paediatrics University Hospital Würzburg University of Würzburg Würzburg Germany Department of Biology Bioinformatics and Integrative Genomics Laboratory American University in Cairo New Cairo Egypt Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene Medical Center-University of Freiburg Faculty of Medicine Freiburg Germany Department of Paediatrics Ho Teaching Hospital Volta Region Ho Ghana Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Ho Teaching Hospital Volta Region Ho Ghana Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology University of Luebeck Luebeck Germany

Background: Neonatal sepsis is a global health problem that mainly affects low- and middle-income countries. We have previously shown that early neonatal mortality is high at the Ho Teaching Hospital (HTH) of Ghana. W... 详细信息

rong>Backgroundrong>: Neonatal sepsis is a global health problem that mainly affects low- and middle-income countries. We have previously shown that early neonatal mortality is high at the Ho Teaching Hospital (HTH) of Ghana. We sought to determine the prevalence of neonatal sepsis, sepsis-related mortality, and bacterial species patterns in neonatal and young infant sepsis in this hospital. Methods: A hospital-based study was conducted in the hospital’s neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) from March to June 2018. Blood samples from 96 babies clinically diagnosed with or at risk of sepsis were cultured using the BACTEC 9050® machine. Clinical data including gravida, parity and antibiotic medication before delivery of mother and delivery type, gestation, birth weight and antibiotic medication status were collected for analysis. MALDI-TOF MS identified bacterial isolates, and their identities were confirmed via tuf gene sequence typing. The data were analyzed using GraphPad Prism 8.0.2. Results: rdana;">Blood cultures were positive in 28 of the babies, with 14 and 12 representing early-onset and late-onset neonatal sepsis, respectively, and two cases of unknown sepsis type. Of the bacterial species that caused sepsis in the babies, coagulase-negative staphylococcus (CoNS)

关键词： Neonatal Sepsis Neonatal Mortality Healthcare-Associated Infections Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Ho Teaching Hospital of Ghana

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巨大嵌壁胆囊结石的超声波碎石疗法

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放射学实践 1991年第1期6卷 26-29页

作者： christoph D.becker robert G.Gibney J.Stephen Fache V.Allen rowley M.G.McLoughlin Burhenne H.Joachim 武卫国胡仁昭 Departments of radiology and Urology University of British Columbia and Vancouver General Hospital Canada 同济医科大学附属同济医院

当急性胆囊炎患者手术危险性较大或解剖关系不清楚时,可以用胆囊造瘘术代替胆囊切除术,胆囊结石的取出或通过外科手术,或者以后在X线监视下由放射科医生完成,后者使急性炎症期的手术创伤降至最小。我院对36例手术高危的且伴有多种并发... 详细信息

当急性胆囊炎患者手术危险性较大或解剖关系不清楚时,可以用胆囊造瘘术代替胆囊切除术,胆囊结石的取出或通过外科手术,或者以后在X线监视下由放射科医生完成,后者使急性炎症期的手术创伤降至最小。我院对36例手术高危的且伴有多种并发症的老年患者进行了此种卓有成效的治疗。尽管放射科医生用或不伴用机械碎石法在多数病例可取出结石碎片,但是对特别巨大的嵌壁结石的取出还存在着技术上的困难。下面报道的三例此类胆囊结石均采用超声波碎石法成功取出结石。

关键词：胆结石超声波碎石

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Value of liver computed tomography with iodixanol 270, 80 kVp and iterative reconstruction

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World Journal of radiology 2016年第7期8卷 693-699页

作者： Diomidis Botsikas Isabelle Barnaure Sylvain Terraz christoph D becker Anastasia Kalovidouri Xavier Montet Department of radiology Geneva University Hospital Division of Neuroradiology Department of Radiology Massachusetts General Hospital

AIM: To evaluate the image quality of hepatic multidetector computed tomography(MDCT) with dynamic contrast enhancement. METHODS: It uses iodixanol 270 mg/m L(Visipaque 270) and 80 kVp acquisitions reconstructed with sinogram affirmed iterative reconstruction(SAFIrE?) in comparison with a standard MDCT protocol. Fiftythree consecutive patients with known or suspected hepatocellular carcinoma underwent 55 CT examinations, with two different four-phase CT protocols. The first group of 30 patients underwent a standard 120 kVp acquisition after injection of Iohexol 350 mg/m L(Accupaque 350~?) and reconstructed with filtered back projection. The second group of 25 patients underwent a dual-energy CT at 80-140 kVp with iodixanol 270. The 80 kVp component of the second group was reconstructed iteratively(SAFIrE?-Siemens). All hyperdense and hypodense hepatic lesions ≥ 5 mm were identified with both protocols. Aorta and portal vessels/liver parenchyma contrast to noise ratio(CNr) in arterial phase, hypervascular lesion/liver parenchyma CNr in arterial phase, hypodense lesion/liver parenchyma CNr in portal and late phase were calculated in both ***: Aorta/liver and focal lesions altogether/liver CNr were higher for the second protocol(P = 0.0078 and 0.0346). Hypervascular lesions/liver CNr was not statistically different(P = 0.86). Hypodense lesion/liver CNr in the portal phase was significantly higher for the second group(P = 0.0107). Hypodense lesion/liver CNr in the late phase was the same for both groups(P = 0.9926).CONCLUSION: MDCT imaging with 80 kVp with iterative reconstruction and iodixanol 270 yields equal or even better image quality.

关键词： Multiphasic dynamic liver computed tomography Low-kVp computed tomography Iso-osmolar iodine contrast agent Low iodine concentration contrast agent Iterative reconstruction

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Nano-Structured Cu/W Brazing Fillers for Advanced Joining Applications

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材料科学与工程（中英文B版） 2016年第5期6卷 226-230页

作者： Frank Moszner Claudia Cancellieri christoph becker Mirco Chiodi Jolanta Janczak-rusch Lars P. H.Jeurgens Empa Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology Oberlandstrasse 129 CH-8600 Dubendorf Switzerland Institute of Virtual Manufacturing (IvP) ETH Zurich Tannenstrasse 3 CH-8092 Zurich Switzerland

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