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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第27期11卷 4199-4205页

作者： Johannes Benninger Rainer Grobholz Yurdaguel Oeztuerk christoph h.antoni Eckhart G.hahn Manfred V.Singer Richard Strauss Department of Medicine Ⅰ Department of Pathology Department of Medicine II Department of Medicine Ⅱ

MM： Persistent cholestasis is a rare complication of severe trauma or infections. Little is known about the possible pathomechanisms and the clinical ***： Secondary sclerosing cholangitis was diagnosed in five patients with persistent jaundice after severe trauma （one burn injury, three accidents, one power current injury）. Medical charts were retrospectively reviewed with regard to possible trigger mechanisms for cholestasis, and the clinical course was ***： Diagnosis of secondary sclerosing cholangitis was based in all patients on the primary sclerosing cholangitis （PSC）-Iike destruction of the intrahepatic bile ducts at cholangiography after exclusion of PSC. In four patients, arterial hypotension with subsequent ischemia may have caused the bile duct damage, whereas in the case of power current injury direct thermal damage was assumed to be the trigger mechanism. The course of secondary liver fibrosis was rapidly progressive and proceeded to liver cirrhosis in all four patients with a follow-up 〉2 years. Therapeutic possibilities were ***： Posttraumatic sderosing cholangitis is a rare but rapidly progressive disease, probably caused by ischemia of the intrahepatic bile ducts via the peribiliary capillary plexus due to arterial *** should be aware of this disease in patients with persistent cholestasis after severe trauma.

关键词： Life-threatening trauma Arterial hypotension Cholestasis Ischemia of intrahepatic bile ducts Secondary sclerosing cholangitis Posttraumatic sclerosing cholangitis

Energy enhancement of laser-driven ions by radiation reaction and Breit-Wheeler pair production in the ultra-relativistic transparency regime

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high Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第1期12卷 60-73页

作者： Shikha Bhadoria Mattias Marklund christoph h.Keitel Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik HeidelbergGermany Department of Physics University of GothenburgGöteborgSweden

The impact of radiation reaction and Breit±Wheeler pair production on the acceleration of fully ionized carbon ions driven by an intense linearly polarized laser pulse has been investigated in the ultra-relativistic transparency *** initial expectations, the radiation reaction and pair production at ultra-high laser intensities are found to enhance the energy gained by the ions. The electrons lose most of their transverse momentum, and the additionally produced pair plasma of Breit±Wheeler electrons and positrons co-streams in the forward direction as opposed to the existing electrons streaming at an angle above zero degree. We discuss how these observations could be explained by the changes in the phase velocity of the Buneman instability, which is known to aid ion acceleration in the breakout afterburner regime, by tapping the free energy in the relative electron and ion streams. We present evidence that these non-classical effects can further improve the highest carbon ion energies in this transparency regime.

关键词： ion acceleration quantum electrodynamic effects

Solar hydrogen production from electrochemical ammonia splitting powered by a single perovskite solar cell

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第5期92卷 292-295页

作者： Anna MBeiler Wenhui Li Alisa Denisiuk Emilio Palomares antoni Llobet Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia(ICIQ).Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology(BIST) 43007 TarragonaSpain Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies(ICREA) 08010 BarcelonaSpain Departament de Química Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaCerdanyola del Vallès08193 BarcelonaSpain

For carbon-free electrochemical fuel formation,the electrochemical cell must be powered by renewable *** solar-powered h_(2) fuel from water typically requires multiple photovoltaic cells and/or junctions to drive the water splitting *** of the lower thermodynamic requirements to oxidize ammonia compared to water,solar cells with smaller open circuit voltages can provide the required potential for ammonia *** this work,a single perovskite solar cell with an open-circuit potential of 1.08 V is coupled to a 2-electrode electrochemical cell employing hybrid electroanodes functionalized with Ru-based molecular *** device is active for more than 30 min,producing N_(2) and h_(2) in a 1:2.9 ratio with 89%faradaic efficiency with no external applied *** work illustrates that hydrogen production from ammonia can be driven by conventional semiconductors.

关键词： Ammonia oxidation Redox catalysis Perovskites Solarfuels Transitionmetal complexes

Conception of a new 4-quadrant hydrogen compressed air energy storage power plant with an integrated electrolyzer

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Energy Reviews 2024年第3期3卷 92-101页

作者： hans-Peter Beck Ann-Kathrin Klaas christoph Klaas Research Center Energy Storage Technologies Clausthal University of TechnologyAm Stollen 19A38640GoslarGermany Institute of Electrical Power Engineering and Energy Systems Clausthal University of TechnologyLeibnizstraße 2838678Clausthal-ZellerfeldGermany

A hydrogen compressed air energy storage power plant with an integrated electrolyzer is ideal for large-scale,long-term energy storage because of the emission-free operation and the possibility to offer multiple ancillary services on the German energy *** paper defines analyzes such a storage concept and conducts an extensive comparison with four additional storage concepts based on various *** results show that the combination of storing compressed air and hydrogen offers a higher efficiency than storing only hydrogen and lower specific investment costs than storing only compressed *** result is confirmed with analysis of the optimal sizing of each power plant component for simultaneous participation on multiple energy markets with a linear optimization dispatch *** hydrogen compressed air energy storage(hCAES)power plant can utilize more revenue possibilities than a hydrogen energy storage because of the higher round-trip efficiency and the combination of the air compressor and the integrated electrolyzer during charging *** integration of the electrolyzer,however,offers a couple of challenges itself because of the highly flexible operation mode.A new concept for the controllable 24-pulse diode-thyristor rectifier of the electrolyzer is presented,that uses mostly common components while offering little to no grid harmonics and a long *** flexible integrated electrolyzer allows for the 4-quadrant operation of the storage power plant.

关键词： Long-term energy storage hydrogen energy storage Compressed air energy storage Mixed-integer linear programming Electrolyzer 24-Pulse thyristor rectifier

Optical probing of ultrafast laser-induced solid-to-overdense-plasma transitions

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第5期13卷 973-984页

作者： Yasmina Azamoum Georg Alexander Becker Sebastian Keppler Guillaume Duchateau Stefan Skupin Mickael Grech Fabrice Catoire Sebastian hell Issa Tamer Marco hornung Marco hellwing Alexander Kessler Franck Schorcht Malte christoph Kaluza GSI helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung Planckstr.164291 DarmstadtGermany. helmholtz Institute Jena Fröbelstieg 307743 JenaGermany. Institute of Optics and Quantum Electronics Friedrich-SchillerUniversität JenaMax-Wien-Platz 107743 JenaGermany. CEA-CESTA 15 Avenue des SablièresCS6000133116 Le BarpCedexFrance Institut Lumière Matière UMR 5306-CNRSUniversitéde Lyon 169622 VilleurbanneFrance. LULI CNRSCEASorbonne UniversitéInstitut Polytechnique de ParisPalaiseauFrance. Universitéde Bordeaux-CNRS-CEA CELIAUMR 5107 TalenceFrance

Understanding the solid target dynamics resulting from the interaction with an ultrashort laser pulse is a challenging fundamental multi-physics problem involving atomic and solid-state physics,plasma physics,and laser *** of the initial interplay of the underlying processes is essential to many applications ranging from lowpower laser regimes like laser-induced ablation to high-power laser regimes like laser-driven ion *** the properties of the so-called pre-plasma formed as the laser pulse’s rising edge ionizes the target is complicated from the theoretical and experimental point of view,and many aspects of this laser-induced transition from solid to overdense plasma over picosecond timescales are still open *** the one hand,laser-driven ion acceleration requires precise control of the pre-plasma because the efficiency of the acceleration process crucially depends on the target properties at the arrival of the relativistic intensity peak of the *** the other hand,efficient laser ablation requires,for example,preventing the so-called“plasma shielding”.By capturing the dynamics of the initial stage of the interaction,we report on a detailed visualization of the pre-plasma formation and ***-thin diamond-like carbon foils are shown to transition from solid to plasma during the laser rising edge with intensitieshot near-infrared probe transmission measurements evidence sub-picosecond dynamics of an expanding plasma with densities above 10^(23)cm^(−3)(about 100 times the critical plasma density).The complementarity of a solid-state interaction model and kinetic plasma description provides deep insight into the interplay of initial ionization,collisions,and expansion.

关键词： laser acceleration solid

Production of the X(4014)as the Spin-2 Partner of X(3872)in e^(+)e^(-)Collisions

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Chinese Physics Letters 2024年第3期41卷 30-36页

作者： Pan-Pan Shi Vadim Baru Feng-Kun Guo christoph hanhart Alexey Nefediev CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics Institute of Theoretical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Departamento de F′ısica Te′orica and IFIC Centro Mixto Universidad de Valencia-CSIC Institutos de Investigaci′on de PaternaAptdo.2208546071 ValenciaSpain Institut fur Theoretische Physik II Ruhr-Universitat BochumD-44780 BochumGermany Peng huanwu Collaborative Center for Research and Education Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Institute for Advanced Simulation Institut fur Kernphysik and Julich Center for Hadron PhysicsForschungszentrum JulichD-52425 JulichGermany Jozef Stefan Institute Jamova 391000LjubljanaSlovenia CeFEMA Center of Physics and Engineering of Advanced MaterialsInstituto Superior T′ecnicoAvenida Rovisco Pais 11049-001 LisboaPortugal

In 2021,the Belle collaboration reported the first observation of a new structure in theψ(2S)γfinal state produced in the two-photon fusion *** the hadronic molecule picture,this new structure can be associatedwith the shallow isoscalar D*D* bound state and as such is an excellent candidate for the spin-2 partner of the X(3872)with the quantum numbers J^(PC)=2^(++)conventionally named X_(2).

关键词： process X(3872) Collisions

Age and petrogenesis of the newly discovered Early Permian granite in the Kumtor gold field， Kyrgyz Tien-Shan

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年

作者： Kyiazbek Asilbekov Rustam Orozbaev Etienne Skrzypek christoph hauzenberger Elena Ivleva Daniela Gallhofer Jian-Feng Gao Nikolay Pak Anatoliy Shevkunov Anatoliy Bashkirov Aizat Zhaanbaeva Institute of Geology， National Academy of Sciences of the Kyrgyz Republic Institute of Earth Sciences， University of Graz State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry， Institute of Geochemistry， Chinese Academy of Sciences Kumtor Gold Company CJSC

Permian intrusions are widespread in the Middle and Southern Tien Shan， with fewer occurrences in the Northern Tien-Shan. Notably， many of these intrusions are spatially associated with a variety of ore deposits， indicating a significant link between magmatic activity and mineralization processes in these areas. We studied granite samples recently recovered from drilling in the Kumtor gold field to evaluate their potential relationships with gold mineralization. We report major and trace element geochemistry， zircon U-Pb age and hf isotope data for this so-called Kumtor granite. The Kumtor granite is metaluminous to peraluminous and belongs to the high-K and calc-alkaline series with I-type geochemical characteristics. The relatively high K2O and Na2O concentrations and low high field strength elements （hFSE） and heavy rare earth elements （hREE）， the presence of biotite within these I-type granites， together with their low zircon saturation temperatures （731–779 °C）， suggest that they were likely derived from a hydrous source formed by dehydration melting of mica-bearing， medium- to high-K metabasaltic rocks. Our zircon U-Pb dating results indicate that the Kumtor granite intruded at 293 ± 1.7 Ma， which is consistent with the age range of other Middle Tien-Shan granitoids. The zircon hf isotopic composition is εhf（t）= –7.56 to –5.05， indicating an ancient （1.39 to 1.52 Ga） crustal origin. Petrographical， geochemical and geochronological data indicate that the Kumtor granite is similar to leuco-granites of the Terekty complex. Our results indicate that the Kumtor granite was emplaced in the early Permian in a post-collision setting and may have temporal and genetic relationships with gold mineralization.

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Durable All Inorganic Perovskite Tandem Photovoltaics

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Durable All Inorganic Perovskite Tandem Photovoltaics

Quenching Simulation of PM Coated Tools

第十一届新型太阳能材料科学与技术学术研讨会

作者： Chenghao Duan Kaicheng Zhang christoph J.Brabec Feng Gao Keyou Yan School of Environment and Energy South China University of Technology

Inorganic perovskite tandem solar cells（IPTSCs） are promising candidates to break the efficiency bottleneck and address the stability issue.[1,2] however,challenges remain in fabricating 2-terminal（2T） IPTSCs due to the inferior film formation and deep trap states induced by tin cations.[3] herein,a green ligand evolution（GLE） strategy with p-toluenesulfonyl hydrazide is employed to regulate film formation and eliminate deep traps in inorganic narrow bandgap perovskite,enabling the successful development of 2T ***,the 1.31 eV CsPbSnI:GLE device delivers a record efficiency of 17.41%.Combined with the 1.92 eV CsPbIBr top-cell,2T-IPTSCs exhibit a champion efficiency of 22.57%（certified 21.92%）.Additionally,IPTSCs are engineered to deliver remarkable operation durability under maximum power point tracking,maintaining 80% of the initial efficiency at 65 ℃ for 1510 h and 85℃ for 800 h,respectively.

关键词： Inorganic perovskite Tandem solar cell Narrow bandgap Green Ligand Evolution Durability

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材料热处理学报 2004年第5B期25卷 752-757页

作者： Axel htter Werner Theisen christoph Broeckmann Chair of Materials Technology Ruhr University Bochum GermanyChair of Materials Technology Ruhr University Bochum GermanyKoppern Entwicklungs-GmbH Hattingen Germany

hIP cladding is a powder metallurgical coating technique used in the production of wear parts and tools. In many cases the composite components consist of carbide-free hot-work steel as base material and wear resistant carbide-rich PM cold-work steel as coating material. To ensure operativeness a heat treatment matched to the substrate and coating material is required. Dissimilar phase transformation behaviour and different thermal expansion coefficients of layer and substrate entail inner stresses affecting the transformation kinetics in turn. In order to get a deeper insight into these effects Finite Element simulation tools are used. On the one hand, the transient heat conduction problem of the quenching process has to be solved. Non-linear boundary conditions and phase transformation of both, substrate and layer are considered. On the other hand, the mechanical response is calculated. The overall aim of the investigation is an improvement of common heat treatment techniques used for hIP cladded wear parts.

关键词：数值模拟淬火 hIP包覆磨损工具钢

Prospective evaluation of small bowel preparation with bisacodyl and sodium phosphate for capsule endoscopy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第13期14卷 2061-2064页

作者： Andreas Franke Frank hummel Phillip Knebel christoph antoni Ulrich Bcker Manfred V Singer Matthias Lhr Department of Medicine Ⅱ (Gastroenterology Hepatology and Infectious Diseases) University Hospital of Heidelberg at Mannheim Mannheim D-68167 Germany Department of Medicine Ⅱ (Gastroenterology Hepatology and Infectious Diseases) University Hospital of Heidelberg at Mannheim Mannheim D-68167 Germany Department of Medicine Rotes Kreuz Krankenhaus Kassel Kassel D-34121 Germany

AIM： To determine the effect of Prepacol, a combination of sodium phosphate and bisacodyl, on transit and quality of capsule endoscopy （CE）. METhODS： Fivety two consecutive patients were included in this prospective study. CE was performed following a 12 h fasting period. Twenty six patients were randomized for additional preparation with Prepacol. The quality of CE was assessed separately for the proximal and the distal small bowel by 3 experienced endoscopists on the basis of a graduation which was initially developed with 20 previous CE. RESULTS： Preparation with Prepacol accelerated small bowel transit time （262 ± 55 rain vs 287 ± 97 min）, but had no effect on the quality of CE. Visibility was significantly reduced in the distal compared to the proximal small bowel. CONCLUSION： The significantly reduced visibility of CE in the distal small bowel allocates the need for a good preparation. Since Prepacol has no beneficial effect on CE the modality of preparation and the ideal time of application remains unclear. Further standardized examinations are necessary to identify sufficient preparation procedures and to determine the impact of the volume of the preparation solution.

关键词： Small bowel Capsule endoscopy Preparation Laxative Visibility Transit time