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Forestry Studies in China 2013年第3期15卷 222-230页

作者： m.AZIZI m.RAmEZANZADEH Faculty of Natural Resources University of Tehran

Selecting the optimum location with attention to conditions and restrictions is one of the most importantfactors in establishing a manufacturing plant. Identification of effective criteria is an important stage in the selection for the location of industrial units. In this study, an analytic hierarchy process （AHP） was applied to select the most effective criteria for the location of mDF （medium density fiberboard） industry in mazandaran Province, Iran. A consideration in ttaining this goal is that mazandaran is favored over other provinces because of its resources of raw lignocellulosic ma- erial required for wood and paper industries. The results indicate that the criterion of ＂materials and products＂ and the ub-criterion of ＂reliability of supply of raw material＂ are the most important factors.

关键词： criterion AHP mDF industry selection of location mazandaran Province

Comparative Analysis of Equal and Unequal Grounding Grid Configurations by Compression Ratio and Least Square Curve Fitting Techniques

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Energy Engineering 2023年第3期120卷 597-616页

作者： m.Soni Abraham George Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering Bangalore560078India

The primary aim of the power system grounding is to safeguard the person and satisfying the performance of the power systemtomaintain reliable *** equal conductor spacing grounding grid design,the distribution of the current in the grid is not ***,unequal grid conductor span in which grid conductors are concentrated more at the periphery is safer to practice than equal *** paper presents the comparative analysis of two novel techniques that create unequal spacing among the grid conductors:the least-square curve fitting technique and the compression ratio techniquewith equal grid configuration for both square and rectangular *** Swarm Optimization(PSO)is adopted for finding out one optimal feasible solution among many feasible solutions of equal grid configuration for both square and rectangular *** analysis is also carried out between square and rectangular grids using the least square curve fitting technique as it results in only one unequal grid *** results are obtained by themATLAB software *** of improvement in ground potential rise,step voltage,touch voltage,and grid resistancewith variation in compression ratios are plotted.

关键词： Ground grid design ground potential rise grid resistance compression ratio least square curve fitting touch voltage step voltage PSO

The burden of disease on HIV-infected orphaned and non-orphaned children accessing primary health facilities in a rural district with poor resources in South Africa: a cross-sectional survey of primary caregivers of HIV-infected children aged 5–18 years

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2015年第1期4卷 153-164,152页

作者： mathildah m mokgatle Sphiwe madiba Department of Biostatistics School of Public HealthSefako Makgatho Health Sciences UniversityP O Box 215MedunsaSouth Africa Department of Environmental and Occupational Health School of Public HealthSefako Makgatho Health Sciences UniversityMedunsaSouth Africa

Background:Provider-initiated HIV testing and counseling(PITC)is offered as part of the normal standard of care to increase access to treatment for HIV-infected *** practice,HIV diagnosis occurs in late childhood following recurrent and chronic *** investigated primary caregivers’reported reasons for seeking HIV testing for children aged 5–18 years,determined the orphan status of the children,and compared the clinical profile and disease burden of orphans and ***:This was a cross-sectional survey of primary caregivers of HIV-infected children accessing antiretroviral treatment(ART)from two community hospitals and 34 primary healthcare facilities in a rural district in mpumalanga province,South ***:The sample consisted of 406 primary caregivers:319(78.6%)brought the child to the health facility for HIV testing because of chronic and recurrent *** half(n=183,45.1%)of the children were maternal orphans,128(31.5%)were paternal orphans,and 73(39.9%)were double orphans.A univariate analysis showed that maternal orphans were significantly more likely to be older(OR=2.57,p=0.000,CI:1.71–3.84),diagnosed late(OR=2.48,p=0.009,CI:1.26–4.88),and to start ART later(OR=2.5,p=0.007,CI:1.28–4.89)than *** was a high burden of infection among the children prior to HIV diagnosis;274(69.4%)presented with multiple *** logistic regression showed that ART start age(aOR=1.19,p=0.000,CI:1.10–1.29)and time on ART(aOR=2.30,p=0.000,CI:1.45–3.64)were significantly associated with orphanhood ***(n=203,(50.2%)of the children were admitted to hospital prior to start of ART,and hospitalization was associated with multiple infections(OR=1.27,p=0.004,CI:1.07–1.51).Conclusions:The study found late presentation with undiagnosed perinatal HIV infection and high prevalence of orphanhood among the *** health of maternal orphans was more compromised than *** PICT should be strengthened t

关键词： Primary level of care Hospitalization Provider-initiated testing and counseling Perinatally infected olderchildren Burden of disease Orphanhood South Africa

Recent advances in extraction of antioxidants from plant by-products processing industries

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Food Quality and Safety 2017年第1期1卷 61-81页

作者： m.Selvamuthukumaran John Shi Department of Food Science and Post Harvest Technology Institute of TechnologyHaramaya UniversityPO Box 138Dire DawaEthiopia Guelph Research and Development Center Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada93 Stone Road WestGuelphOntario N1G 5C9Canada

The by-products obtained from plant processing industries are the cheap source of bioactive compounds especially *** of bioactive compounds can be obtained by using conventional and non-conventional *** efficiency of any conventional method mainly depends on the choice of *** major challenges of conventional extraction are longer extraction time,requirement of costly and high purity solvent,evaporation of the huge amount of solvent,low extraction selectivity,and thermal decomposition of thermolabile *** overcome these limitations of conventional extraction methods,new and promising extraction techniques are *** techniques are referred as non-conventional extraction ***,in this review,some of the most promising techniques such as ultrasoundassisted extraction,pulsed electric field extraction,enzyme-assisted extraction,microwave-assisted extraction,pressurized liquid extraction,supercritical fluid extraction,pressurized low-polarity water extraction,and molecular distillation were *** process systems along with industrial applications for non-conventional method of antioxidants extraction were discussed,and the comparative efficacies of different extraction methods were *** conventional technologies by non-conventional ones for the extraction of valuable compounds from plant by-products processing industries has several advantages,which includes reduction of the processing time,energy consumption,and the uses of harmful and expensive solvents and increase in the extraction *** and development of hybrid methods should be investigated,while considering plant material characteristics and choice of compounds in *** choice of standard methods also influences the measurement of extraction *** increasing economic significance of bioactive compounds and commodities rich in these bioactive compounds may lead to find out more sophi

关键词： Antioxidants Extraction Non-conventional methods Plant by-products Pulsed electric field extraction Ultrasoundassisted extraction

Experimental Study of High moisture Content Gas Flow Across a Cylinder at moderate Reynolds Numbers

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2003年第5期8卷 598-604页

作者： D.m.christop.er 郭亮 Department of Thermal Engineering

The Nusselt number for cross flow of a mixture of air and vapor over a cylinder was measured at moderate Reynolds numbers (30007000) for temperatures from 300℃ to 700℃ and for vapor mass fractions of 0.180.35. Results are also presented for a set of three cylinders aligned perpendicular to the flow for the same range of conditions. The effect of the vapor concentration and temperature on the convection coefficients was investigated to develop a modified Zhukauskas correlation. The results show that the Nusselt number increases as the moisture content increases and that the increase is more than could be accounted for by typical models for the property variations of mixtures. The exponent of the vapor concentration term in the modified correlation is 0.145 for the entire data set indicating the importance of the property variation due to the moisture content.

关键词： high moisture content cross flow convection coefficients heat exchangers

Femtosecond laser-assisted astigmatic keratotomy: a review

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Eye and Vision 2018年第1期5卷 59-69页

作者： John S.m.Chang Department of Ophthalmology Hong Kong Sanatorium&Hospital8/FLi Shu Pui BlockPhase II2 Village RoadHappy ValleyHong KongChina

Background:Astigmatic keratotomy(AK)remains an accessible means to correct surgically induced or naturally occurring *** advantages of femtosecond laser-assisted astigmatic keratotomy(FSAK)over conventional methods have been recognized *** text:This review evaluates the efficacy,complications,and different methods of FSAK for correction of astigmatism in native eyes and those that underwent previous penetrating keratoplasty(PKP).The penetrating and intrastromal FSAK(IFSAK)techniques can reduce post-keratoplasty astigmatism by 35.4%to 84.77%and 23.53%to 89.42%,*** native eyes,the penetrating and IFSAK techniques reduce astigmatism by 26.8%to 58.62%and 36.3%to 58%respectively,implying that the magnitude of the astigmatic reduction is comparable between the two FSAK ***,IFSAK offers the additional advantages of almost no risk of infection,wound gape,and epithelial *** use of nomograms,anterior-segment optical coherence tomography,and consideration of posterior cornea and corneal biomechanics are helpful to enhance the efficacy and safety of *** complications of FSAK in eyes that underwent PKP include overcorrection,visual loss,microperforations,infectious keratitis,allograft rejection,and *** reported difficulties in native eyes include overcorrection,anterior gas breakthrough,and suction ***:In eyes that underwent PKP,FSAK effectively reduces high regular or irregular astigmatism,with rare and manageable ***,the drawbacks of the procedure include the potential loss of visual acuity and low *** native eyes undergoing femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery,IFSAK is a good choice to correct low astigmatism(matism from the posterior cornea needs to be considered in the nomograms for native eyes undergoing refractive cataract *** further improve the efficacy of FSAK,more large-scale ra

关键词： Femtosecond laser-assisted astigmatic keratotomy Post-keratoplasty astigmatism Astigmatism correction Refractive surgery

multiphysics simulation of VVER-1200 fuel performance during normal operating conditions

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2023年第2期34卷 139-152页

作者： Khaled m.Yassin mohamed H.Hassan mohammad m.Ghoneim mostafa S.Elkolil Adel Alyan Said A.Agamy Nuclear Research Center Egyptian Atomic Energy AuthorityAbo Zaabal 13759CairoEgypt Department of Nuclear and Radiological Engineering Faculty of EngineeringAlexandria UniversityAlexandria 21544Egypt Faculty of Engineering Egyptian Russian UniversityBadr 11829Egypt

Nuclear fuel performance modeling and simulation are critical tasks for nuclear fuel design optimization and safety analysis under normal and transient *** performance is a complicated phenomenon that involves thermal,mechanical,and irradiation mechanisms and requires special multiphysics *** this study,a fuel performance model was developed using the COmSOL multiphysics *** modeling was performed for a 2D axis-symmetric geometry of a UO2fuel pellet in the E110 clad for VVER-1200 *** modeling considers all relevant phenomena,including heat generation and conduction,gap heat transfer,elastic strain,mechanical contact,thermal expansion,grain growth,densification,fission gas generation and release,fission product swelling,gap/plenum pressure,and cladding thermal and irradiation *** model was validated using a code-to-code evaluation of the fuel pellet centerline and surface temperatures in the case of constant power,in addition to validation of fission gas release(FGR)*** prediction proved that the model could perform according to previously published VVER nuclear fuel performance parameters.A sensitivity study was also conducted to assess the effects of uncertainty on some of the model *** model was then used to predict the VVER-1200 fuel performance parameters as a function of burnup,including the temperature profiles,gap width,fission gas release,and plenum pressure.A compilation of related material and thermomechanical models was conducted and included in the modeling to allow the user to investigate different material/performance *** the model was developed for normal operating conditions,it can be modified to include off-normal operating conditions.

关键词： VVER-1200 Fuel performance COmSOL code Zr-1%Nb cladding UO2 fuel rod

Evaluation of a crop rotation with biological inhibition potential to avoid N_(2)O emissions in comparison with synthetic nitrification inhibition

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第5期127卷 222-233页

作者： Adrián Bozal-Leorri mario Corrochano-monsalve Luis m.Arregui Pedro m.Aparicio-Tejo Carmen González-murua Department of Plant Biology and Ecology University of the Basque Country(UPV/EHU)Apdo.644E-48080Bilbao 48940Spain Institute for Innovation and Sustainable Development in Food Chain(ISFOOD) Public University of NavarrePamplona 31006Spain Institute for multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology(ImAB) Public University of NavarrePamplona 31006Spain

Agriculture has increased the release of reactive nitrogen to the environment due to crops’low nitrogen-use efficiency(NUE)after the application of *** like the use of stabilized-fertilisers with nitrification inhibitors such as DmPP(3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate)have been adopted to reduce nitrogen ***,cover crops can be used in crop-rotation-strategies to reduce soil nitrogen pollution and benefit the following ***(Sorghum bicolor)could be a good candidate as it is drought tolerant and its culture can reduce nitrogen losses derived from nitrification because it exudates biological nitrification inhibitors(BNIs).This work aimed to evaluate the effect of fallow-wheat and sorghum cover crop-wheat rotations on N_(2)O emissions and the grain yield of winter wheat *** addition,the suitability of DmPP addition was also *** use of sorghum as a cover crop might not be a suitable option to mitigate nitrogen losses in the subsequent *** sorghum–wheat rotation was able to reduce 22%the abundance of amoA,it presented an increment of 77%in cumulative N_(2)O emissions compared to fallow–wheat rotation,which was probably related to a greater abundance of heterotrophic-denitrification *** the other hand,the application of DmPP avoided the growth of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and maintained the N_(2)O emissions at the levels of unfertilized-soils in both *** a conclusion,the use of DmPP would be recommendable regardless of the rotation since it maintains NH_(4)^(+)in the soil for longer and mitigates the impact of the crop residues on nitrogen soil dynamics.

关键词： Fallow Sorghum Crop rotation Nitrification inhibitor N-cycling genes Soil mineral nitrogen

O_(3) based advanced oxidation for ibuprofen degradation

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2022年第2期35卷 277-284页

作者： Vitória m.Almeida Carla A.Orge m.Fernando R.Pereira O.SaloméG.P.Soares Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering-Laboratory of Catalysis and materials (LSRE-LCM)Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do PortoRua Dr.Roberto Frias4200-465 PortoPortugal

The degradation of the anti-inflammatory ibuprofen(IBP)was evaluated by several advanced oxidation *** was treated by single ozonation and oxidation with hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2)),as well as a combination of these *** order to improve the efficiency,the presence of catalysts such as original carbon nanotubes,labelled as CNT,and iron oxide supported on carbon nanotubes,named as Fe/CNT sample,was *** evolution of IBP degradation,mineralization and toxicity of the solutions was *** formation of intermediates was also *** the non-catalytic processes,IBP was faster removed by single ozonation,whereas no significant total organic carbon(TOC)removal was *** with H_(2)O_(2) did not present satisfactory *** ozone and H_(2)O_(2) were combined,a higher mineralization was attained(70%after 180 min of reaction).On the other hand,in the catalytic processes,this combined process allowed the fastest IBP *** terms of mineralization degree,the presence of Fe/CNT increases the removal rate in the first hour of reaction,achieving a TOC removal of 85%.Four compounds were detected as *** treated solutions presented lower toxicity than the initial solution,suggesting that the released intermediates during applied processes are less toxic.

关键词： Advanced oxidation processes Catalysts Emerging pollutants Ibuprofen

Giardia duodenalis infection among rural communities in Yemen:A community-based assessment of the prevalence and associated risk factors

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical medicine 2017年第10期10卷 987-995页

作者： Hesham m.Al-mekhlafi Endemic and Tropical Diseases Unit Medical Research CenterJazan UniversityJazanSaudi Arabia Department of Parasitology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Malaya50603 Kuala LumpurMalaysia Department of Parasitology Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesSana'a UniversitySana'aYemen

Objective: To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of Giardia infection among rural communities among rural communities in ***: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 605 stool samples were collected and screened for the presence of Giardia duodenalis(***) cysts and/or trophozoites by using three different diagnostic methods: direct smear, formalin-ether sedimentation,and trichrome staining.A pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect information on the demographic, socioeconomic, behavioural and environmental characteristics of the ***: Overall, 28.1%(170/605) of the participants were infected by *** prevalence was significantly higher among male participants compared to female(P = 0.034); however, it was not significant among different age groups(P > 0.05).Univariate and multivariate analyses identified four variables as the significant key risk factors of Giardia infection among the sampled *** are, in addition to being of the male gender, using unsafe water sources for drinking water, not washing hands after defecation, presence of other family members infected with Giardia, and close contact with domestic ***: The study reveals that Giardia infection is still prevalent among rural communities in *** provision of clean and safe drinking water, proper sanitation,and health education regarding personal hygiene practices, particularly handwashing, as well as identifying and treating infected family members is imperative and these interventions should be considered in a strategy to control intestinal parasites among these communities in order to curtail the transmission and morbidity caused by ***.

关键词： Giardia duodenalis Prevalence Risk factors Yemen