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First-line endoscopic treatment with over-the-scope clips significantly improves the primary failure and rebleeding rates in high-risk gastrointestinal bleeding: A single-center experience with 100 cases

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第41期22卷 9162-9171页

作者： Hans-Jürgen Richter-Schrag Torben Glatz christine walker Andreas Fischer Robert Thimme Center of Interdisciplinary Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Department of Medicine II Medical Center-University of Freiburg Faculty of Medicine University of Freiburg Department of General and Visceral Surgery Medical Center-University of Freiburg Faculty of Medicine University of Freiburg

AIM To evaluate rebleeding, primary failure(PF) and mortality of patients in whom over-the-scope clips(OTSCs) were used as first-line and second-line endoscopic treatment(FLET, SLET) of upper and lower gastrointestinal bleeding(UGIB, LGIB).METHODS A retrospective analysis of a prospectively collected database identified all patients with UGIB and LGIB in a tertiary endoscopic referral center of the University of Freiburg, Germany, from 04-2012 to 05-2016(n= 93) who underwent FLET and SLET with OTSCs. The complete Rockall risk scores were calculated from patients with UGIB. The scores were categorized as < or ≥ 7 and were compared with the original Rockall data. Differences between FLET and SLET were calculated. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed to evaluate the factors that influenced rebleeding after OTSC *** Primary hemostasis and clinical success of bleeding lesions(without rebleeding) was achieved in 88/100(88%) and 78/100(78%), respectively. PF was significantly lower when OTSCs were applied as FLET compared to SLET(4.9% vs 23%, P = 0.008). In multivariate analysis, patients who had OTSC placement as SLET had a significantly higher rebleeding risk compared to those who had FLET(OR 5.3; P = 0.008). Patients with Rockall risk scores ≥ 7 had a significantly higher in-hospital mortality compared to those with scores < 7(35% vs 10%, P = 0.034). No significant differences were observed in patients with scores < or ≥ 7 in rebleeding and rebleeding-associated *** Our data show for the first time that FLET with OTSC might be the best predictor to successfully prevent rebleeding of gastrointestinal bleeding compared to SLET. The type of treatment determines the success of primary hemostasis or primary failure.

关键词： Gastrointestinal bleeding Rockall risk score Over-the-scope clip First-line endoscopic treatment Second-line endoscopic treatment

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Plant Cell Wall-Like Soft Materials:Micro-and Nanoengineering,Properties,and Applications

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第5期17卷 37-77页

作者： Roya Koshani Mica L.Pitcher Jingyi Yu christine L.Mahajan Seong H.Kim Amir Sheikhi Department of Chemical Engineering The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Department of Chemistry The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Department of Biology The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Materials Research Institute The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Department of Biomedical Engineering The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Department of Neurosurgery College of MedicineThe Pennsylvania State UniversityHersheyPA 17033USA

Plant cell wall(CW)-like soft materials,referred to as artificial CWs,are composites of assembled polymers containing micro-/nanoparticles or fibers/fibrils that are designed to mimic the composition,structure,and mechanics of plant ***-like materials have recently emerged to test hypotheses pertaining to the intricate structure–property relationships of native plant CWs or to fabricate functional ***,research on plant CWs and CW-like materials is reviewed by distilling key studies on biomimetic composites primarily composed of plant polysaccharides,including cellulose,pectin,and hemicellulose,as well as organic polymers like ***-and nanofabrication of plant CW-like composites,characterization techniques,and in silico studies are reviewed,with a brief overview of current and potential ***-/nanofabrication approaches include bacterial growth and impregnation,layer-by-layer assembly,film casting,3-dimensional templating microcapsules,and particle *** characterization techniques are necessary for the comprehensive mechanical,chemical,morphological,and structural analyses of plant CWs and CW-like ***-like materials demonstrate versatility in real-life applications,including biomass conversion,pulp and paper,food science,construction,catalysis,and reaction *** review seeks to facilitate the rational design and thorough characterization of plant CW-mimetic materials,with the goal of advancing the development of innovative soft materials and elucidating the complex structure–property relationships inherent in native CWs.

关键词： Synthetic plants Biomimicry Acellular wall Composites Living materials Soft matter

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Effect of Different Land Use Types on Nutrient Distribution across Soil Depth in Busega Wetland, Uganda

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2025年第1期15卷 84-101页

作者： Daniel Iku Abuni Sylvia Nyamaizi Doreen Mbabazize christine Atugonza Action Against Hunger Arua Uganda Faculty of Land and Food Systems The University of British Columbia Main Hall Vancouver Canada Department of Crops Horticulture and Soils Egerton University Njoro Kenya Water Resources Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Technology Busitema University Tororo Uganda

Wetlands play a number of vital roles in the ecosystem, such as serving as nutrient sinks, preventing floods, storing carbon, and filtering water. Encroachment on wetlands has led to substantial economic and environmental losses, including water quality degradation, loss of biodiversity and natural habitats, reduced climate mitigation as well as social and health risks. This study evaluated the effect of different land use types on nutrient stock distribution across varying soil depths in Busega wetland. The soil samples were collected in three different land uses (annually cultivated areas, perennially cultivated areas, and the undisturbed wetland area) at three different depths (0 - 10 cm, 10 - 20 cm, and 20 - 30 cm) in 2021. The soil samples were analyzed for physicochemical soil properties including soil texture and nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium, and potassium concentrations. The interaction between land use type and soil depth did not have a significant effect on nutrient distribution. However, our results showed that the main effects of land use type and soil depth influenced nutrient stock distribution across the wetland. Higher nutrient concentrations were observed under perennial cropping system than in both annual cropping system and the undisturbed wetland area. Soils under perennial cropping systems had the highest soil organic matter (1.45%), calcium (2.06 Cmol/Kg) and potassium (0.091 Cmol/Kg) levels. Higher soil organic matter (1.40%), nitrogen (0.22%), calcium (1.74 Cmol/Kg), and potassium (0.07 Cmol/Kg) were found at the mid-soil depth of 10 - 20 cm. Our results show substantial nutrient changes due to agricultural activities in the Busega wetland, suggesting further research is urgently needed to determine if these changes have adverse effects on biodiversity and water quality of the wetland and nearby water resources.

关键词： Annual Cropping System Perennial Cropping System Undisturbed Wetland Area Wetland Encroachment Wetland Degradation

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Impact of COVID-19 Response Measures on Physicochemical Parameters of Surface Waters in Yaoundé City

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2025年第1期13卷 444-456页

作者： Marie christine Tombedi Serge Eteme Enama Georgia Elna Ambada Ndzengue Lucie Leme Banock Claudine Ntsama Essomba Department of Animal Biology and Physiology Faculty of Science University of Yaound I Yaound Cameroon Pharmacy Unit Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaound I Yaound Cameroon

The widespread use of disinfectants and various medications in response to the COVID-19 pandemic has raised concerns about their potential impact on the characteristics of natural waters. To assess the effect of the COVID-19 response on surface waters in Yaoundé, various physicochemical parameters of three rivers (Mfoundi, Tongolo, and Mingoa) were examined over 8 months. The selection of these rivers was based on their proximity to hospitals involved in COVID-19 patient management. Physico-chemical parameters were measured following standard protocols, and their spatiotemporal variations and the influence of various factors, were examined. The results revealed that, during the study period, the values for temperature (23˚C to 30˚C), dissolved oxygen (14% to 90%), pH (6.2 to 9.5), electrical conductivity (100 to 662 µS/cm), oxidability (0.19 to 42.19 mg/l), and suspended solids (1 to 725 mg/l) exhibited variations, except for total dissolved solids (30 to 470 mg/l), whose levels remained within the recommended limit (s = 0.812, P = 0.014) with oxidability levels in the Tongolo river. The COVID-19 response measures had a limited negative effect on the surface waters of Yaoundé during the study period. This could be attributed to the disproportionate application of hygiene measures among the city’s populations. Additionally, the lack of flow observed in certain rivers requires particular attention from authorities and the populations to safeguard the city’s ecosystems.

关键词： COVID-19 Environmental Health Watercourses Physicochemical Parameters Cameroon

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Epidemiological, Clinical and Therapeutic Aspects of Acute Respiratory Distress in Children in Medical Emergencies at the Bangui Pediatric University Hospital

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2025年第1期15卷 111-118页

作者： Simplice Cyriaque Kango Marie christine Awa Sepou Yanza Jess Elio Kosh Komba Mireille Mandé-Njapou Jean Chrysostome Gody Pediatric Teaching Hospital Bangui Central African Republic Faculty of Teaching Sciences University of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic

Introduction: Respiratory distress is a clinical condition accompanied by an increase in work of breathing, with the respiratory accessory muscles brought into play to ensure normal arterial oxygenation. It is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in pediatrics. The aim of our study was to investigate the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic aspects of respiratory distress in children aged between 1 month and 15 years seen in the emergency department of the Bangui paediatric university hospital. Methodology: This was a 3-month descriptive cross-sectional study, from January 1 to March 31, 2023. All children aged 1 month to less than 15 years presenting with respiratory distress were included. Results: A total of 3021 children were admitted to the emergency medical services of Bangui’s pediatric university hospital. Of these, 164 were included in the study. The predominance was male, with a sex ratio of 1.09. The 0 - 2 age group was the most represented, with 67 patients (42.85%). The majority of patients came from Bangui, accounting for 146 (89.02%) of cases. Respiratory difficulty (59.15%), characterized by dyspnea and cough, associated with fever, vomiting, physical asthenia and diarrhea, were the main reasons for consultation. The main pathologies noted were respiratory 92 (56.10%), followed by cardiac pathologies 21 (12.8%). Antibiotic administration (76.82%) was the most common therapeutic procedure used in the management of respiratory distress. Conclusion: Respiratory distress remains an important cause of infant mortality in our context, with major management problems.

关键词： Respiratory Distress Medical Emergencies Pediatric University Hospital Bangui

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不可预测性仍然是供应链的新常态

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航空维修与工程 2025年第2期 23-25页

作者： christine Boynton Lori Ranson 赵平不详

2024年全球商用飞机交付情况远未达到预期的水平，虽然影响全球航空业发展的供应链问题有所改善，但从效果来看微乎其微，航空公司不得不接受未来商用飞机的交付情况仍不可预测的现实，面对这种不可预期测性，在2024年11月举办的斯基夫... 详细信息

2024年全球商用飞机交付情况远未达到预期的水平，虽然影响全球航空业发展的供应链问题有所改善，但从效果来看微乎其微，航空公司不得不接受未来商用飞机的交付情况仍不可预测的现实，面对这种不可预期测性，在2024年11月举办的斯基夫特航空论坛（TheSkiftAviationForum）上，各航空公司表达了自己的观点。

关键词：新常态商用飞机供应链不可预测性航空公司航空业发展预期

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Factors Influencing the Continuum of Care for Children and Adolescents Treated for HIV at the Pediatric Teaching Hospital of Bangui

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2025年第1期15卷 119-129页

作者： Simplice Cyriaque Kango Marie christine Awa Sepou Yanza Dimitri Horeb Ombellet Carine Judith Kiteze Nguinzanemou Jess Elio Kosh Komba Jean Chrysostome Gody Pediatric Teaching Hospital Bangui Central African Republic Faculty of Teaching Sciences University of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic

Introduction: Reducing and maintaining viral load is crucial to reducing morbidity and mortality associated with HIV infection in children. The aim of this study was to determine the factors influencing the maintenance of children and adolescents on antiretroviral therapy in the continuum of care. Methodology: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study conducted from August 1 to August 31, 2023. It included all children living with HIV, under 15 years of age, with at least two viral load results and whose parents consented to participate in the study. Participants were recruited during their child’s treatment renewal consultations. Results: The study included 143 children, mostly boys (55.2%), with a mean age of 11.54 years (±2.8). More than half (55.2) were unaware of their HIV-positive status, and most treatments were administered by parents (60.8%). Of the 99 children with an undetectable viral load at the first test, 23 (23.2%) showed a viral rebound at the last test, mainly due to poor treatment compliance (p Conclusion: Virological rebound after suppression in children is worrying. It is crucial that the national AIDS program improves Therapeutic Education, trains health workers to communicate results and encourages ongoing dialogue with young people to reinforce adherence and maintain viral suppression.

关键词： Influencing Factors Continuum of Care Children/Adolescents HIV Bangui

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TUNED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES ACHIEVED BY VARYING POLYMER STRUCTURE-KNOWLEDGE THAT GENERATES NEW MATERIALS FOR TISSUE ENGINEERING

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2007年第2期25卷 113-118页

作者： Anna Finne Wistrand Ann-christine Albertsson Department of Fiber and Polymer Technology Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholmSweden

By changing both the monomer composition and the polymer structure, we have varied the mechanical properties of resorbable polymers. The polymers were synthesized by ring-opening polymerization using L-lactide （LLA）, ε-caprolactone （εCL）, trimethylene carbonate （TMC） and 1,5-dioxepan-2-one （DXO） as monomers. Well-defined triblock copolymers, microblock copolymers and networks have been evaluated, and comparisons between them show that it is possible to tune the mechanical properties. Triblock copolymers with an amorphous middle block of poly（1,5-dioxepan-2- one）（PDXO） and semi-crystalline end-blocks of poly（ε-caprolactone）（PCL） were stronger and had a higher strain at break than triblock copolymers with poly（L-lactide）（PLLA） as end-blocks. Polymers with both DXO and TMC in the amorphous middle-block and PLLA as end-blocks showed a lower stress at break, but the material gained elasticity, a property which is very valuable in tissue engineering. Mechanical properties of networks, synthesized by a novel method, containing PDXO and PCL are also presented. Although it is difficult to compare them with the uncross-linked polymers, this is an additional way to modify and widen the properties.

关键词： Degradable polymer Tuneable mechanical properties Molecular architecture Block copolymers Networks.

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Link prediction in complex networks via modularity-based belief propagation

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Chinese Physics B 2017年第3期26卷 604-614页

作者：赖大荣舒欣 christine Nardini School of Computer Science and Engineering Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China Key Laboratory of Computer Network and Information Integration of Ministry of Education Southeast University Nanjing 210096 China College of Information Science and Technology Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 China CNR-IAC 'Mauro Picone' Via dei Taurini 19 00185 Roma Italy Personalgenomics Via delle Grazie Verona Italy

Link prediction aims at detecting missing, spurious or evolving links in a network, based on the topological information and/or nodes＇ attributes of the network. Under the assumption that the likelihood of the existence of a link between two nodes can be captured by nodes＇ similarity, several methods have been proposed to compute similarity directly or indirectly, with information on node degree. However, correctly predicting links is also crucial in revealing the link formation mechanisms and thus in providing more accurate modeling for networks. We here propose a novel method to predict links by incorporating stochastic-block-model link generating mechanisms with node degree. The proposed method first recov- ers the underlying block structure of a network by modularity-based belief propagation, and based on the recovered block structural information it models the link likelihood between two nodes to match the degree sequence of the network. Experiments on a set of real-world networks and synthetic networks generated by stochastic block model show that our proposed method is effective in detecting missing, spurious or evolving links of networks that can be well modeled by a stochastic block model. This approach efficiently complements the toolbox for complex network analysis, offering a novel tool to model links in stochastic block model networks that are fundamental in the modeling of real world complex networks.

关键词： link prediction complex network belief propagation modularity

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Plant Cell Wall-Like Soft Materials: Micro- and Nanoengineering, Properties, and Applications

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第05期 45-85页

作者： Roya Koshani Mica L.Pitcher Jingyi Yu christine L.Mahajan Seong H.Kim Amir Sheikhi Department of Chemical Engineering The Pennsylvania State University University Park Department of Chemistry The Pennsylvania State University University Park Department of Biology The Pennsylvania State University University Park Materials Research Institute The Pennsylvania State University University Park Department of Biomedical Engineering The Pennsylvania State University University Park Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences The Pennsylvania State University University Park Department of Neurosurgery College of Medicine The Pennsylvania State University

Plant cell wall(CW)-like soft materials, referred to as artificial CWs, are composites of assembled polymers containing micro-/nanoparticles or fibers/fibrils that are designed to mimic the composition, structure, and mechanics of plant CWs. CW-like materials have recently emerged to test hypotheses pertaining to the intricate structure–property relationships of native plant CWs or to fabricate functional ***, research on plant CWs and CW-like materials is reviewed by distilling key studies on biomimetic composites primarily composed of plant polysaccharides, including cellulose, pectin, and hemicellulose, as well as organic polymers like lignin. Micro- and nanofabrication of plant CW-like composites,characterization techniques, and in silico studies are reviewed, with a brief overview of current and potential applications. Micro-/nanofabrication approaches include bacterial growth and impregnation, layer-by-layer assembly, film casting, 3-dimensional templating microcapsules, and particle coating. Various characterization techniques are necessary for the comprehensive mechanical, chemical, morphological, and structural analyses of plant CWs and CW-like materials. CW-like materials demonstrate versatility in real-life applications, including biomass conversion, pulp and paper, food science, construction, catalysis, and reaction engineering. This review seeks to facilitate the rational design and thorough characterization of plant CW-mimetic materials, with the goal of advancing the development of innovative soft materials and elucidating the complex structure–property relationships inherent in native CWs.

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