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Mangrove Forest Characterization in Southeast Côte d’Ivoire

Open Journal of Ecology 2016年第3期6卷 138-150页

作者： Isimemen Osemwegie Dibi N’da Hyppolite christine stumpp Barbara Reichert Jean Biemi WASCAL UFR Biosciences University of Felix Houphouet-Boigny Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Institute of Groundwater Ecology Helmholtz Zentrum München German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH) Neuherberg Germany Steinmann-Institut for Geology Palaeontology and Mineralogy University of Bonn Bonn Germany UFR Science de la Terre et Ressources Miniere University of Felix Houphouet-Boigny Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire

Mangrove ecosystems are faced with far more existential threats of erosion than their terrestrial counterparts. Consequences of their degradation vary from decline in edible aquatic stocks, coastal erosion and aquatic weeds invasion. Mangrove forest dynamics was assessed from multi-temporal analyses of remotely sensed satellite images (mosaics of 1989/90 and 2014/15) within 233,900 hectares. Ground-truthing was accompanied by field measurements in selected forest stands to characterize structure, estimate biomass and carbon pools. With conservation as overriding goal, a socio-economic survey was conducted to underpin the factors influencing mangrove forests over-exploitation and qualitatively assess the sensitivity of the locals to resources decline. The region recorded fifty percent loss of mangrove area during the 25-year period. Low leaf area index (1.02 - 2.52 m2·m-2) confirms canopy openness. Above-ground root biomass (kg per root) ranged between 110.67 and 382.64. The roots demonstrate capacity to fix up to 176 Mg C ha-1 with average carbon content of 46 percent. Highest carbon pools were in the Eloka-To forest stands, in near natural conditions. Despite harsh environmental conditions, potential for natural regeneration was evidenced by seedlings density (individuals per m2) up to 76. Pilot survey revealed high dependence on mangrove resources for direct income (70 percent) and daily energy needs (60 percent). Despite the heightened awareness of the impending dangers posed by mangrove deforestation and willingness to conserve, riverine communities are incapacitated by lack of viable economic alternatives. External interventions are therefore imperative to achieve conservation goals with long-term implications for climate change adaptation and mitigation.

关键词： Carbon Pool Climate Change Conservation Degradation Mangrove Forest Resources

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