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Impact of overgrazing on the transmission of Echinococcus multilocularis in Tibetan pastoral communities of Sichuan Province,China

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Chinese Medical Journal 2007年第3期120卷 237-242页

作者： WANG Qian XIAO Yong-fu Dominique A Vuitton Peter M Schantz Francis Raoul christine budke Maiza Campos-Ponce Philip S Craig Patrick Giraudoux Sichuan Centre for Disease Control and Prevention Chengdu610041 China WHO Collaborating Centre for the Prevention and Treatment ofAlveolar Echinococcosis SERF and LBE Usc INRA ResearchUnits University of Franche-Comte 25030-Besancon France Institute of Parasitology University of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse266a CH-8057 Zurich Switzerland Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences Free University AmsterdamNetherlands Cestode Zoonoses Research Group Bioscience Research Instituteand School of Environment and Life Sciences University ofSalford Salford MS4WT United Kingdom

Background Overgrazing was assumed to increase the population density of small mammals that are the intermediate hosts of Echinococcus multilocularis, the pathogen of alveolar echinococcosis in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau. This research tested the hypothesis that overgrazing might promote Echinococcus multilocularis transmission through increasing populations of small mammal, intermediate hosts in Tibetan pastoral communities. Methods Grazing practices, small mammal indices and dog Echinococcus multilocularis infection data were collected to analyze the relation between overgrazing and Echinococcus multilocularis transmission using nonparametric tests and multiple stepwise logistic regression. Results In the investigated area, raising livestock was a key industry. The communal pastures existed and the available forage was deficient for grazing. Open （common） pastures were overgrazed and had higher burrow density of small mammals compared with neighboring fenced （private） pastures; this high overgrazing pressure on the open pastures measured by neighboring fenced area led to higher burrow density of small mammals in open pastures. The median burrow density of small mammals in open pastures was independently associated with nearby canine Echinococcus multilocularis infection （P=-0.003, OR=1.048）. Conclusion Overgrazing may promote the transmission of Echinococcus multilocularis through increasing the population density of small mammals.

关键词： echinococcosis, hepatic Echinococcus multilocularis overgrazing Tibetan pastoral communities

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Grass height and transmission ecology of Echinococcus multilocularis in Tibetan communities, China

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Chinese Medical Journal 2010年第1期123卷 61-67页

作者： WANG Qian Francis Raoul christine budke Philip S. Craig XIAO Yong-fu, Dominique A. Vuitton,Maiza Campos-Ponce, QIU Dong-chuan, David Pleydell and Patrick Giraudoux XIAO Yong-fu Dominique A. Vuitton Maiza Campos-Ponce QIU Dong-chuan David Pleydell Patrick Giraudoux Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention Chengdu Sichnan 610041 China Chrono-Environnement-UMR 6249 University of Franche-ComteCNRS 25030 - Besancon France College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences TexasA&M University USA Institute and School of Environment and Life Sciences Universityof Salford Salford MS4WT United Kingdom Alveolar Echinococcosis University of Franche-Comte 25030 -Besancon France Earth and Life Sciences VU University Amsterdam TheNetherlands

Background Alveolar echinococcosis is a major zoonosis of public health significance in western China. Overgrazing was recently assumed as a potential risk factor for transmission of alveolar echinococcosis. The research was designed to further test the overgrazing hypothesis by investigating how overgrazing influenced the burrow density of intermediate host small mammals and how the burrow density of small mammals was associated with dog Echinococcus multilocularis infection. Methods The study sites were chosen by previous studies which found areas where the alveolar echinococcosis was prevalent. The data, including grass height, burrow density of intermediate host small mammals, dog and fox fecal samples as well as Global Positioning System （GPS） position, were collected from field investigations in Shiqu County, Sichuan Province, China. The fecal samples were analyzed using copro-PCR. The worms, teeth, bones and hairs in the fecal samples were visually examined. Single factor and multifactor analyses tools including chi square and generalized linear models were applied to these data. Results By using grass height as a proxy of grazing grass in the pasture led to lower small mammals＇ pressure in the homogenous pasture, this study found that taller burrow density （X2=4.670, P=0.031, coefficient=-1.570）. The Echinococcus multilocularis worm burden in dogs was statistically significantly related to the maximum density of the intermediate host Ochotona spp. （X2=5.250, P=-0.022, coefficient=0.028）. The prevalence in owned dogs was positively correlated to the number of stray dogs seen within a 200 meter radius （Wald X2=8.375, P=-0.004, odds ratio=1.198）. Conclusions Our findings support the hypothesis that overgrazing promotes transmission of alveolar echinococcosis and confirm the role of stray dogs in the transmission of alveolar echinococcosis.

关键词： alveolar echinococcosis Echinococcosis multilocularis transmission overgrazing grass height small mammals

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Quality of life of patients with brucellosis in an endemic area of Mexico

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Health 2012年第9期4卷 574-578页

作者： Guillermina García-Juárez Efrén Ramírez-Bribiesca Luz M. Hernández-Calva José D. Vázquez-Vázquez Alfonso Pérez-Sánchez christine M. budke College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Science Texas A&M University College Station USA El Colegio de Tlaxcala AC San Pablo Apetatitlán Tlaxcala México Facultad de Agrobiología Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala Tlaxcala México

The aim of this study was to evaluate quality of life of patients infected with brucellosis compared to a control population from the same geographic region. The quality of life of brucellosis positive and brucellosis negative individuals from rural and urban areas of Mexico was evaluated using the Short-Form SF-36 Health Survey. This survey is a generic measure of physical and mental health-related quality of life. Data analysis was performed using one-way analysis of variance and the Tukey test. Brucellosis patients had lower overall quality of life compared with the controls. Brucellosis patients from rural areas had lower overall quality of life (P < 0.05) compared with brucellosis patients from urban areas. In conclusion, human brucellosis affects quality of life, with patients living in rural areas most severely impacted. This may be due to the lack of local public policies and programs for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of brucellosis.

关键词： Brucellosis Quality of Life

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四川省藏族牧区感染多房棘球绦虫犬只空间聚集性研究(英文)

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预防医学情报杂志 2012年第5期28卷 323-328页

作者：王谦克莉丝汀.布德克黄亮帕崔克.热合度弗兰西斯.豪尔多米尼克.维通菲利普.克瑞格邱东川 Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Texas A&M University WHO Collaborating Centre for the Prevention and Treatment of Human Echinococcosis Research Unit "Chrono-environment " UMR CNRS 6249 usc INRAUniversity of Franche-ComtéPlace Leclerc25030 Besancon cedexFrance University of Franche-Comté and Besanon University Hospital 25030-BesanconFrance Cestode Zoonoses Research Group Biomedical sciences Research Institute and School of Environment and Life SciencesUniversity of SalfordSalford MS4WTUnited Kingdom

目的泡型包虫病(AE)是中国西部的一个重大公共卫生问题,在四川和青海2省藏族地区更为突出。多房棘球绦虫(***)是泡型包虫病的病原体。流行病学调查表明,犬是是泡型包虫病的显著流行风险因素,一些牧区犬只多房棘球绦虫感染率较高。这些... 详细信息

目的泡型包虫病(AE)是中国西部的一个重大公共卫生问题,在四川和青海2省藏族地区更为突出。多房棘球绦虫(***)是泡型包虫病的病原体。流行病学调查表明,犬是是泡型包虫病的显著流行风险因素,一些牧区犬只多房棘球绦虫感染率较高。这些研究表明犬可能作为终末宿主,在环境中维持多房棘球绦虫的生活史。但是普遍认为狐狸是环境中支撑多房棘球绦虫生活史的终末宿主。该研究旨在通过研究感染多房棘球绦虫犬只的空间聚集性,来进一步了解犬在环境中维持多房棘球绦虫生活史的证据。方法在中国四川省西部青藏高原石渠县的牧区,通过氢溴酸槟榔碱驱虫的方法,收集家牧犬感染多房棘球绦虫感染状态,并用GPS测量这些犬只的地理位置数据。通过BB join-count test分析,了解感染多房棘球绦虫犬只是否存在空间聚集性。结果在300～600、800、1600和1800～3900 m的距离,感染多房棘球绦虫犬只存在空间聚集性。结论感染多房棘球绦虫犬只存在空间聚集性,表明环境中犬可能在多房棘球绦虫生活史中发挥作用。

关键词：多房棘球绦虫泡型包虫病犬空间聚集性藏族牧区

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Quality of life of patients with brucellosis in an endemic area of Mexico

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Health（健康） 2012年第9期 574-578页

作者： Guillermina García-Juárez Efrén Ramírez-Bribiesca Luz M. Hernández-Calva José D. Vázquez-Vázquez Alfonso Pérez-Sánchez christine M. budke

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