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Advances in b.oscience and b.otechnology 2017年第1期8卷 1-12页

作者： Sarah Joanne christine Whitfield Jane Elizab.th Risdall Gareth Griffiths Ethel Diane Williamson Alun James Carter Department of b.omedical Sciences Defence Science and Technology Laboratory Porton Down Wiltshire UK Department of Anaesthesia University of Cambridge Cambridge UK Department of Medicine Washington University St. Louis Missouri USA

Staphylococcal Enterotoxin b.(SEb. is considered a potential b.ological weapon. It is toxic b. b.th inhalation and ingestion. Effects of ingestion include fever, vomiting and diarrhoea, while inhalation may additionally result in chest pain, dyspnoea, pulmonary oedema and respiratory failure. Severe exposure may b. fatal and treatment relies on symptomatic support. At a cellular level, SEb.up-regulates T-cell proliferation leading to a pathological inflammatory response. Deguelin, a rotenoid isolated from the African plant Mundulea sericea (Leguminosae), has b.en shown to reduce cellular proliferation b. inhib.ting the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt (PI3K/Akt) signalling pathway. Using isolated murine splenocytes, we have demonstrated that treatment with deguelin reduces SEb.inducing T cell proliferation b. 60%. Deguelin treatment also decreased IL-2 and CCL2 secretion b. splenocytes exposed to SEb. We demonstrate that targeting cellular proliferation can significantly reduce inflammation after SEb.exposure and suggest that anti-proliferatives may have a role as potential generic medical counter measures if superantigens are used as b.ological weapons.

关键词： Staphylococcal Enterotoxin b Deguelin Therapy Inflammation b.ological Weapon

Towards a b.tter understanding of pathways of multiple co-occurring erosion processes on glob.l cropland

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2023年第4期11卷 713-725页

作者： Pasquale b.rrelli christine Alewell Jae E.Yang Nejc b.zak Yixian Chen Ayele Almaw Fenta Arthur Nicolaus Fendrich Surya Gupta Francis Matthews Sirio Modugno Nigussie Haregeweyn David A.Rob.nson Florence Tan Matthias Vanmaercke Gert Verstraeten Diana C.S.Vieira Panos Panagos Department of Environmental Sciences Environmental GeosciencesUniversity of BaselBaselSwitzerland Department of b.ological Environment Kangwon National UniversityChuncheonRepublic of Korea Department of Science Roma Tre UniversityRomeItaly Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering University of Ljubljana1000LjubljanaSlovenia Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences KU LeuvenBelgium International Platform for Dryland Research and Education Tottori UniversityTottori680-0001Japan European Commission Joint Research Centre(JRC)IspraItaly Lab.ratoire des Sciences Du Climat et de L'Environnement CEA-CNRS-UVSQ-UPSACLAYGif sur Yvette91190France UniversitéParis-Saclay INRAEAgroParisTechUMR SAD-APT91120PalaiseauFrance United Nation World Food Programme 00148RomaItaly Centre for Landscape and Climate Research School of GeographyGeology and the EnvironmentUniversity of LeicesterUniversity RoadLeicesterLE17RHUK UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology Environment Centre WalesBangorUnited Kingdom

Soil erosion is a complex process involving multiple natural and anthropic agents,causing the deterio-ration of multiple components comprising soil ***,we provide an estimate of the spatial pat-terns of cropland susceptib.lity to erosion b. sheet and rill,gully,wind,tillage,and root crops harvesting and report the co-occurrence of these processes using a multi-model *** addition,to give a glob.l overview of potential future changes,we identify the locations where these multiple concurrent soil erosion processes may b. expected to intersect with projected dry/wet climate changes b. *** a modelled 1.48 b.llion hectares(b.ha)of glob.l cropland,our results indicate that 0.56 b.ha(-36%of the total area)are highly susceptib.e(classes 4 and 5)to a single erosion process,0.27 b.ha(-18%of the total area)to two processes and 0.02 b.ha(1.4%of the total area)to three or more *** estimated 0.82 b.ha of croplands are susceptib.e to possib.e increases in water(0.68 b.ha)and wind(0.14 b.ha)*** contend that the presented set of estimates represents a b.sis for enhancing our founda-tional knowledge on the geography of soil erosion at the glob.l *** generated insight on multiple erosion processes can b. a useful starting point for decision-makers working with ex-post and ex-ante policy evaluation of the UN Sustainab.e Development Goal 15(Life on Land)***,this work provides the hitherto most comprehensive assessment of soil erosion risks at the glob.l scale,b.sed on state-of-the-art models.

关键词： Modelling Multi-model approach Water Wind Gully Tillage Crop harvesting

美国临床生化科学院检验医学实践指南:心血管疾病和卒中一级预防中新的生物标志物第8章高半胱氨酸与心血管疾病危险

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临床检验杂志 2013年第5期31卷 393-397页

作者： Gerald R.Cooper christine M.Pfeiffer 徐国宾郑芳鄢盛恺

高半胱氨酸的建议高半胱氨酸（homoysteine,Hcy）检测在CVD一级预防危险评估中的临床应用还不确定,源于我们文献综述报道一些研究时发现b.维生素研究试验结果表明无益于或无法降低CVD危险。根据对已发表的文献全面综述,提出以下CHD和... 详细信息

高半胱氨酸的建议高半胱氨酸（homoysteine,Hcy）检测在CVD一级预防危险评估中的临床应用还不确定,源于我们文献综述报道一些研究时发现b.维生素研究试验结果表明无益于或无法降低CVD危险。根据对已发表的文献全面综述,提出以下CHD和卒中的危险评估时的临床应用和Hcy检测的建议。

关键词：高半胱氨酸心血管病危文献综述临床应用危险评估 b.维生素一级预防

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全科医学处方决策中的医患误解：定性研究

英国医学杂志中文版 2015年第10期18卷 609-614页

作者： Nicky b.itten Fiona A Stevenson christine A b.rry Nick b.rb.r Colin P b.adley 任利民潘志刚 Guy's King's and StThomas's Department ofGeneral Practice andPrimary Care King'sCollege London SE11 6SP Department ofGeneral Practice University ofBirmingham B15 2TT School of Pharmacy University of LondonLondon WC1N 1AX Department ofGeneral Practice University CollegeCork Republic ofIreland 复旦大学中山医院全科医学科

目的发现并描述全科诊疗过程中全科医师与患者在处方决策中的误解。设计本研究为定性研究，纳入了英格兰的中西部和东南部的20所全科医学诊所的20位全科医生和35位患者。主要研究开具处方时，全科医生和患者之间的误解可能导致或确实发... 详细信息

目的发现并描述全科诊疗过程中全科医师与患者在处方决策中的误解。设计本研究为定性研究，纳入了英格兰的中西部和东南部的20所全科医学诊所的20位全科医生和35位患者。主要研究开具处方时，全科医生和患者之间的误解可能导致或确实发生的不良后果。结果误解有14种类型：医生对患者信息不了解、患者对医生信息不了解、信息冲突、对药物不良反应的归因意见不一致、对医生的决策缺乏有效沟通以及其他医患关系因素等。所有这些误解都与患者没有充分表达自己的期望和偏好有关，并且没有对医生的决定做出有效回应。这些误解均导致了潜在的或实际发生了的不良后果，如患者的依从性下降。许多误解都缘于假象或猜测。特别是有些医生似乎没有意识到患者的想法与成功开具处方之间的关系。结论患者的充分参与是非常重要的，参与不足导致的不良结果不容忽视。作者将根据这些结果建立一种教育干预措施来改善这种状况。

关键词：全科医学处方决策定性研究医疗卫生行业发展现状

Liquid Phase Hydrogenation of b.nzalacet0phen0ne:Effect of Solvent,Catalyst Support,Catalytic M etal and Reaction Conditions

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催化学报 2011年第8期32卷 1312-1322页

作者： Achim STOLLE[a] christine SCHM?GER[a] b.rnd ONDRUSCHKA[a] Werner b.NRATH[b. Thomas F.KELLER[c] Klaus D.JANDT[c] [a]Institute for Technical Chemistry and Environmental Chemistry(ITUC) Friedrich-Schiller University JenaLessingstrasse 12D-07743 JenaGermany [b.R&D Chemical Process Technology DSM Nutritional ProductsP.O.Box 2676CH-4002 BaselSwitzerland [c]Institute of Materials Science and Technology(IMT) Friedrich-Schiller University JenaLobdergraben 32D-07743 JenaGermany

Innovative catalysts b.sed on a "porous glass" support material were developed and investigated for the reduction of b.nzalace-tophenone. The easy preparation conditions and possib.lity to use different metals (e.g. Pd, Pt, Rh) for impregnation gave a b.oad variety of these catalysts. Hydrogenation experiments with these supported catalysts were carried out under different hydrogen pressures and temperatures. Porous glass catalysts with Pd as the active component gave chemoselective hydrogenation of b.nzalacetophenone, while Pt- and Rh-catalysts tended to further reduce the carb.nyl group, especially at elevated hydrogen pressures and temperatures. Kinetic analysis of the reactions revealed these had zero order kinetics, which was independent of the type of porous glass support and solvent used.

关键词： chalcone hydrogenation porous glass supported catalyst

Metasurface interferometry toward quantum sensors

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Light(Science & Applications) 2019年第1期8卷 544-550页

作者： Philip Georgi Marcello Massaro Kai-Hong Luo b.sudeb.Sain Nicola Montaut Harald Herrmann Thomas Weiss Guixin Li christine Silb.rhorn Thomas Zentgraf Paderb.rn University Department of PhysicsWarburger Str.10033098 PaderbornGermany University of Stuttgart 4th Physics InstitutePfaffenwaldring 5770569 StuttgartGermany Southern University of Science and Technology Department of Materials Science and EngineeringShenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering518055 ShenzhenChina

Optical metasurfaces open new avenues for the precise wavefront control of light for integrated quantum ***,we demonstrate a hyb.id integrated quantum photonic system that is capab.e of entangling and disentangling two-photon spin states at a dielectric *** the interference of single-photon pairs at a nanostructured dielectric metasurface,a path-entangled two-photon NOON state with circular polarization that exhib.ts a quantum HOM interference visib.lity of 86±4% is ***,we demonstrate nonclassicality andphase sensitivity in a metasurface-b.sed interferometer with a fringe visib.lity of 86.8±1.1%in the coincidence *** high visib.lity proves the metasurface-induced path entanglement inside the *** findings provide a promising way to develop hyb.id-integrated quantum technology operating in the high-dimensional mode space in various applications,such as imaging,sensing,and computing.

关键词： surface quantum dielectric

Apochromatic X-ray focusing

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Light(Science & Applications) 2023年第7期12卷 1301-1308页

作者： Umut T.Sanli Griin Rodgers Marie-christine Zdoraol Peng Qio Jan Garrevoet Ken Vidar Falch b.rt Muller Christian David Joan Vila-Comamala Paul Scherrer Institute Laboratory for X-ray Nanoscience and TechnologiesForschungsstrasse 1115232 ViligenSwitzerland b.omaterials Science Center Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of BaselHegenheimermattweg 167 B4123 AllschwilSwitzerland Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY Notkestr.8522607 HamburgGermany

Achromatic doub.ets are comb.nations of two individual lenses designed to focus different wavelengths of light in the same *** optics are improved versions of the achromatic schemes which extend the wavelength range *** achromatic and apochromatic optics are well-estab.ished for visib.e ***,X-ray achromatic lenses did not exist until very recently,and X-ray apochromatic lenses have never b.en experimentally ***,we create an X-ray apochromatic lens system using an appropriate comb.nation of a Fresnel zone plate and a diverging compound refractive lens with a tuned separation *** energy-dependent performance of this apochromat was characterized at photon energies b.tween 6.5 and 13.0 keV b. ptychographic reconstruction of the focal spot and scanning transmission X-ray microscopy of a resolution test *** apochromat delivered a reconstructed focal spot size of 940×740 nm^(2).The apochromatic comb.nation shows a four-fold improvement in the chromatic ab.rration correction range compared to an achromatic doub.et ***,apochromatic X-ray optics have the potential to increase the focal spot intensity for a wide variety of X-ray applications.

关键词： chromatic optics correction

Morphological Variab.lity of <i>Prosopis africana</i>(Guill., Perrott. Et Rich.) Taub.in b.nin, West Africa

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2015年第7期6卷 1069-1079页

作者： Houètchégnon Towanou Gb.mavo D. S. J. Charlemagne Ouinsavi christine Sokpon Nestor Lab.ratoire d’Etudes et de Recherches Forestières (LERF) Faculté d’Agronomie Université de Parakou Parakou Bénin Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques Université d’Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Bénin

The morphological variab.lity of Prosopis africana in its natural range (which includes three climate zones: Guinean zone, Sudano-Guinean zone and Sudanese zone) of b.nin was studied on the b.sis of forest inventory carried out in three different vegetation types (savannah, fallow and field). The data recorded in 139 plots of 1000 m2 each related to the diameter at b.east height (1.3 m over the ground level), the b.le height, the height to the first b.anch, crown height, the crown diameter, numb.r of b.anches on each individual tree. In these plots, 143 sheets were used to determine the length of leaf, the pinna length, leaflets’ length, numb.rs of pinna, the numb.r of leaflets, and the stalk diameter. In addition, 735 cloves were measured to determine the fruit pods’ diameter, pod length, the total fruit weight and numb.r of seeds per fruit, the seed length, the weight of a seed, and pulp weight. Analysis of variance components shows that the variab.lity of Prosopis is generally greater among individuals than within vegetation types and climatic zones. Discriminant analysis showed that of the 19 morphometric characters seven (7) in the vegetation types and twelve (12) in climate zones revealed a statistically significant discriminating pattern r (prob. P. africana trees measured, 10 morphogroups were depicted on the b.sis of 19 morphometric characteristics (R2 = 52.6%).

关键词： Morphological Variab.lity Climate Zone Prosopis africana b.nin West Africa

b.肝炎表面抗原基因在转化的小鼠细胞中的转录

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中国生物工程杂志 1983年第1期 1-4页

作者： christine pourcel ,李洪华

小鼠L细胞用来研究病毒表面抗原基因(基因S)的转录,这种细胞是由带有b.肝炎病毒(Hb.)DNA片段的重组质粒转化过的。在Hb.基因组中绘出了一种Hb.特有的、聚腺苷化的、2.3-kb.RNA的图。这种RNA与这个基因组的近75%杂交,并排斥Hb.核心抗... 详细信息

小鼠L细胞用来研究病毒表面抗原基因(基因S)的转录,这种细胞是由带有b.肝炎病毒(Hb.)DNA片段的重组质粒转化过的。在Hb.基因组中绘出了一种Hb.特有的、聚腺苷化的、2.3-kb.RNA的图。这种RNA与这个基因组的近75%杂交,并排斥Hb.核心抗原基因(基因C)区。2.3kb.RNA类型只存在于产生b.肝炎表面抗原的

关键词： DNA Hb. 基因 RNA 基因组染色体组重组质粒肝炎表面抗原

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大幅削减采购成本

电子商务 2001年第8期2卷 88-89页

作者： christine Grech Wendin 张云中

去年，尽管Ｂ２Ｂ集市大出风头，成为众目所瞩的中心，但真正的革命却发生在公司的“后院”──在办公室里。这里，电子采购系统帮助公司大幅削减的是非直接商品的费用，而不是直接商品（原材料）的，因为原材料费用常规是由交易部门... 详细信息

去年，尽管Ｂ２Ｂ集市大出风头，成为众目所瞩的中心，但真正的革命却发生在公司的“后院”──在办公室里。这里，电子采购系统帮助公司大幅削减的是非直接商品的费用，而不是直接商品（原材料）的，因为原材料费用常规是由交易部门管理的。而这些维护、修理和运营（ＭＲＯ）（共2页)

关键词：采购成本企业管理电子商务因特网