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Experimental investigation on local shear stress and turbulence intensities over a rough non-uniform bed with and without sediment using 2D particle image velocimetry

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2020年第2期35卷 193-202页

作者： Petr Lichtneger christine Sindelar Johannes Schobesberger Christoph Hauer Helmut Habersack CD-Laboratory of Sediment Research and Management Institute of Water ManagementHydrology and Hydraulic EngineeringDepartment Water-Atmosphere-EnvironmentUniversity of Natural Resources and Life Sciences

The current work focuses on locally resolving velocities,turbulence,and shear stresses over a rough bed with locally non-uniform character.A nonporous subsurface layer and fixed interfacial sublayer of gravel and sand were water-worked to a nature-like bed form and additionally sealed in a hydraulic ***-dimensional Particle Image Velocimetry(2 D-PIV) was applied in the vertical plane of the experimental flume *** with clear water and weak sediment transport were done under slightly supercritical flow to ensure sediment transport conditions without formation of considerable sediment deposits or *** study design included analyzing the double-averaged flow parameters of the entire measurement domain and investigating the flow development at 14 consecutive vertical *** geometrical variabilities as well the presence of sediment were mainly reflected in the vertical velocity *** the vertical velocity decreased over the entire depth in presence of sediment transport,the streamwise velocity profile was reduced only within the interfacial *** the region with decelerating flow conditions,however,the streamwise velocity profile systematically increased along the entire depth *** increase in the main velocity(reduction of flow resistance)correlated with a decrease of the turbulent shear and main normal ***,effects of rough bed smoothening and drag force reduction were experimentally documented within the interfacial sublayer due to mobile ***,the current study leads to the conclusion that in nonuniform flows the maximum Reynolds stress values are a better predictor for the bed shear stress than the linearly extrapolated Reynolds stress *** is an important finding because,in natural flows,uniform conditions are rare.

关键词： Turbulence measurement Local bed shear stress Sediment transport and flow interaction Hydraulic flume experiment Particle image velocimetry

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Alpine vegetation responses to snow phenology in the Chinese Tianshan mountainous region

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Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第5期19卷 1307-1323页

作者： ZHANG Bo LI Xue-mei LI Chao NYIRANSENGIYUMVA christine QIN Qi-yong Faculty ofGeomatics Lanzhou Jiaotong UniversityLanzhou 730070China Gansu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for National Geographic State Monitoring Lanzhou 730070China National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technologies and Applications for National Geographic State Monitoring Lanzhou 730070China College of Urban and Environmental Science Northwest UniversityXian 710127China

Investigating the interrelation between snow and vegetation is essential to explain the response of alpine ecosystems to climate *** on the MOD10 A1 daily cloud-free snow product and MOD13 A1 NDVI(normalized difference vegetation index)data,this study analysed the spatial and temporal patterns of snow phenology including snow onset date,snow end date,snow cover days,and vegetation phenology including the start of growing season,the end of growing season and the length of growing season in the Chinese Tianshan Mountainous Region(CTMR)from 2002 to 2018,and then investigated the snow phenological effects on the vegetation phenology among different ecogeographic zones and diverse vegetation *** results indicated that snow onset date was earlier at higher elevations and later at lower elevations,while snow end date showed opposite spatial distribution *** end of growing season occurred later on the northwest slope of the CTMR and the Yili *** earliest end of growing season was in the middle part of the CTMR.A long growing season was mainly distributed along the northern slope and the Yili Valley,while a short growing season was concentrated in the middle part of the *** response of vegetation phenology to changes in snow phenology varied among vegetation types and ecogeographic *** effect of snow phenology on vegetation phenology was more significant in IID5(Yili Valley)than in the other ecogeographic zones.A negative correlation was observed between the start of growing season and snow end date in nearly 54.78%of the study area,while a positive correlation was observed between the start of growing season and the snow end date in 66.85%of the study *** sensitivity of vegetation phenology to changes in snow cover varied among different vegetation *** onset date had the greatest effect on the start of growing season in the four vegetation cover types(alpine meadows,alpine steppes,shrubs,and alpine sparse vegetati

关键词： Snow phenology Vegetation phenology Climate change Response mechanism Grey correlation analysis Chinese Tianshan Mountainous Region

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TECHNIQUES OF CONSTRUCTING REGIONAL INPUT-OUTPUT TABLES: ACHIEVEMENTS

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Chinese Geographical Science 1992年第4期2卷 47-66页

作者：金玉献 christine MLeigh School of Geography the University of leeds leeds LS2 9JT England

The development of any analytical method should have to experience at least four stages: its initial status, growth, mature and declining. However, although the regional input-output analysis has been widely applied for more than forty years, it is still one of the most important approach in regional economic analysis and forecast at present in the world. This is due to the never ended modifications and its great potentials. In this paper, we review the historical development of the regional input-output analysis.

关键词： Input-output regional research regional input-output models

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Promoting Older Adults' Engagement in Disaster Settings: An Introduction to the Special Issue

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第2期15卷 181-185页

作者： Haorui Wu christine AWalsh Julie LDrolet Kyle Breen Faculty of Health School of Social WorkDalhousie UniversityHalifaxNS B3H 4R2Canada Faculty of Social Work University of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada Faculty of Social Work Central&Northern Alberta RegionUniversity of CalgaryEdmontonAB T5J 4P6Canada

1 Introduction Globally, surging extreme events and the escalating aging population present ongoing and severe challenges to the full spectrum of international community development(for example, social, health, and ec... 详细信息

关键词： extreme challenges economic

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THE PRICE OF COMFORT:HOW LANDSCAPE AND ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN CAN REDUCE HUMAN DEPENDENCE ON CLIMATE CONTROL

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Journal of Green Building 2013年第3期8卷 65-77页

作者： christine Edstrom O’Hara Kristofer Holz Landscape Architecture Department California Polytechnic State UniversitySan Luis Obispo 不详

INTRODUCTION In the development of modern sustainable construction there has been a focus on technological *** of the most effective ways to diminish one’s carbon footprint is through reducing residential energy consumption.A simple yet overlooked component of residential energy reduction is to better acclimate people to their local *** the advent of engineered climate control in the mid-20th century,the majority of Americans have“forgotten”how to live with their local climate *** study examines from both quantitative and qualitative perspectives how acclimation via landscape and architecture design interventions can reduce residential energy *** a variety of climates in California,it conducts a cost-benefit analysis of reducing enclosed residential square footage to quantify the savings in construction and energy costs.

关键词： landscape qualitative construction

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THE DAVID LAWRENCE CONVENTION CENTER:HOW GREEN BUILDING DESIGN AND OPERATIONS CAN SAVE MONEY,DRIVE LOCAL ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY,AND TRANSFORM AN INDUSTRY

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Journal of Green Building 2013年第1期8卷 28-43页

作者： christine Mondor Steve Hockley David Deal evolveEA Carnegie Mellon

INTRODUCTION When the David *** Convention Center in Pittsburgh was completed in 2003,it was one of largest green buildings in the *** success proved that sustainability principles could be integrated into a breathtaking and high-performing *** almost a decade of performance data,this study,led by evolveEA,was commissioned to understand the level of building performance and the return on the initial investment in *** input from Carnegie Mellon University’s Center for Building Performance and Diagnostics,CJL Engineering,and Civil and Environmental Consultants,the Buildings-in-Operation(BiO)study demonstrates that.

关键词： high performance design green conventions LEED certified convention center civic structures and urban centers

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Loss of ID3 in pancreatic cancer cells increases DNA damage without impairingMDC1 recruitment to the nuclear foci

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Cancer Communications 2022年第3期42卷 269-272页

作者： Jian Xu Mayrel Palestino Dominguez christine Alewine Laboratory of Molecular Biology Center for Cancer ResearchNational Cancer InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMD 20892-4264United States

Dear Editor,Pancreatic cancer is one of the most aggressive human cancers and is predicted to become the second leading cause of cancer-related death by the year 2030[1,2].In the United States,approximately 60,000 newly diagnosed cases and 48,000 deaths were estimated to occur in 2021[3].Because early screening is very difficult and most patients are diagnosed with advanced disease,curing pancreatic cancer patients still faces huge ***,a comprehensive understanding of the pathogenesis of pan-creatic cancer is required to promote the development of efficient treatment modalities.

关键词： damage death ID3

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COMPARISON OF AMINOLEVULINIC ACID AND ITS METHYL ESTER MEDIATED PHOTOCYTOTOXICITY ON HUMAN NASOPHARYNGEAL CARCINOMA CELLS

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2012年第2期5卷 25-33页

作者： christine M.N.YOW RICKY W.K.WU ZHENG HUANG Medical Laboratory Science Department of Health Technology Informatics Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong SARChina Department of Radiation Oncology University of Colorado Denver COUSA MOE Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine Fujian Normal University FuzhouChina

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC)is a prevalent cancer in some areas of southern *** explore the potential of photodynamic therapy(PDT)for the treatment of NPC,a small molecule prodrug 5-aminolevulinic acid(ALA)and its methyl ester(MAL)mediated PDT was studied in *** results showed that human NPC cells were sensitive to both ALA-and MAL-mediated ***,ALA was more effective than MAL,possiblly due to a higher efficiency of ALA on producing endogenous protoporphyrin(PpIX)in NPC *** ALA nor MAL caused any significant *** ALA-based PDT might be a useful modality in the treatment ofNPC.

关键词： Aminolevulinic acid methylaminolevulinate nasopharyngeal carcinoma photodynamic therapy

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A peptide containing the receptor binding site of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-2 enhances bone mass in ovariectomized rats

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Bone Research 2018年第3期6卷 280-288页

作者： Gang Xi christine Wai Clifford J.Rosen David R.Clemmons Department of Medicine University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillUSA Maine Medical Center Research Institute ScarboroughUSA

Male Igfbp2-/-mice have a significant reduction in bone mass and administration of a peptide that contains the insulin-like growth factor binding protein-2(IGFBP-2) receptor-binding domain stimulates bone formation in these animals. Female Igfbp2-/-mice do not have this phenotype but following ovariectomy(OVX) lose more bone than OVX wild-type mice. This suggests that in the absence of estrogen, IGFBP-2 is required to maintain bone mass. Therefore these studies were undertaken to determine if this peptide could stimulate bone acquisition in OVX rats. OVX rats were divided into seven treatment groups: sham animals, OVX animals, OVX animals receiving a control scrambled peptide, or one of three doses of the active peptide termed PEG-HBD-1(0.7, 2,and 6 mg·kg^(-1)) and an OVX group receiving parathyroid hormone(PTH)(50 μg·kg-1 per day). The peptides were administered for8 weeks. DXA revealed a significant reduction in femoral and tibial areal bone mineral density(aBMD) after OVX, whereas treatment with the high-dose peptide increased aBMD by 6.2% ± 2.4%(P < 0.01) compared to control peptide; similar to the increase noted with PTH(5.6% ± 3.0%, P < 0.01). Similar increases were noted with two lower doses of the peptide(3.8% ± 1.5%, P < 0.05 for low dose; 3.1% ± 1.6%, P = 0.07 for middle dose). Micro CT showed that the OVX control peptide animals had reductions of 41% and64% in femoral trabecular BV/TV and trabecular number, respectively. All three doses of the peptide increased bone volume/total volume(BV/TV) significantly, while the low and middle doses increased trabecular number. Cortical BV/TV and thickness at the midshaft increased significantly with each dose of peptide(18.9% ± 9.8%, P < 0.01 and 14.2% ± 7.9%, P < 0.01 for low dose; 23.7% ±10.7%, P < 0.001 and 15.8% ± 6.1%, P < 0.001 for middle dose; 19.0% ± 6.9%, P < 0.01 and 16.2% ± 9.7%, P < 0.001 for high dose)and with PTH(25.8% ± 9.2%, P < 0.001 and 19.4% ± 8.8%, P < 0.001). Histomorphometry showed that the low

关键词： insulin-like growth factor binding protein-2 OVX wild-type mice

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Human umbilical cord derived mesenchymal stem cells in peripheral nerve regeneration

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2020年第4期12卷 288-302页

作者： christine Bojanic Kendrick To Bridget Zhang Christopher Mak Wasim S Khan Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Cambridge University Hospitals NHS TrustCambridge CB20QQUnited Kingdom Division of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery Addenbrooke's HospitalUniversity of CambridgeCambridge CB20QQUnited Kingdom School of Clinical Medicine University of CambridgeCambridge CB20QQUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Peripheral nerve injury can occur as a result of trauma or disease and carries significant morbidity including sensory and motor *** body has limited ability for nerve regeneration and functional *** untreated,nerve lesions can cause lifelong *** treatment options such as neurorrhaphy and neurolysis have high failure *** reconstruction with autograft carries donor site morbidity and often provide suboptimal *** stem cells(MSCs)are known to have promising regenerative potential and have gained attention as a treatment option for nerve *** is however,unclear whether it can be effectively used for nerve *** To evaluate the evidence for the use of human umbilical cord derived MSCs(UCMSCs)in peripheral nerve *** We carried out a systematic literature review in accordance with the PRISMA protocol.A literature search was performed from conception to September 2019 using PubMed,EMBASE and Web of *** results of eligible studies were appraised.A risk of bias analysis was carried out using Cochrane’s RoB 2.0 *** Fourteen studies were included in this review.A total of 279 subjects,including both human and animal were treated with *** studies obtained UCMSCs from a third-party source and the remainder were harvested by the *** of the 14 studies,thirteen conducted xenogenic transplantation into nerve injury *** studies reported significant improvement in nerve regeneration in the UCMSC treated groups compared with the various different controls and untreated *** The evidence summarised in this PRISMA systematic review of in vivo studies supports the notion that human UCMSC transplantation is an effective treatment option for peripheral nerve injury.

关键词： Umbilical cord Mesenchymal stem cells Transplantation Peripheral nerve regeneration

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