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KDM6B epigenetically regulates odontogenic differentiation of dental mesenchymal stem cells

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International Journal of Oral Science 2013年第4期5卷 200-205页

作者： Juan Xu Bo Yu christine Hong Cun-Yu Wang Department of Stomatology Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital Division of Oral Biology and Medicine School of DentistryUniversity of California Section of Orthodontics School of DentistryUniversity of California Department of Bioengineering Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied ScienceUniversity of California

Mesenchymal stem cells （MSCs） have been identified and isolated from dental tissues, including stem cells from apical papilla, which demonstrated the ability to differentiate into dentin-forming odontoblasts. The histone demethylase KDM6B （also known as JMJD3） was shown to play a key role in promoting osteogenic commitment by removing epigenetic marks H3K27me3 from the promoters of osteogenic genes. Whether KDM6B is involved in odontogenic differentiation of dental MSCs, however, is not known. Here, we explored the role of KDM6B in dental MSC fate determination into the odontogenic lineage. Using shRNA-expressing lentivirus, we performed KDM6B knockdown in dental MSCs and observed that KDM6B depletion leads to a significant reduction in alkaline phosphate （ALP） activity and in formation of mineralized nodules assessed by Alizarin Red staining. Additionally, mRNA expression of odontogenic marker gene SP7 （osterix, OSX）, as well as extracellular matrix genes BGLAP （osteoclacin, OCN） and SPP1 （osteopontin, OPN）, was suppressed by KDM6B depletion. When KDM6B was overexpressed in KDM6B-knockdown MSCs, odontogenic differentiation was restored, further confirming the facilitating role of KDM6B in odontogenic commitment. Mechanistically, KDM6B was recruited to bone morphogenic protein 2 （BMP2） promoters and the subsequent removal of silencing H3K27me3 marks led to the activation of this odontogenic master transcription gene. Taken together, our results demonstrated the critical role of a histone demethylase in the epigenetic regulation of odontogenic differentiation of dental MSCs. KDM6B may present as a potential therapeutic target in the regeneration of tooth structures and the repair of craniofacial defects.

关键词： bone morphogenic protein dental mesenchymal stem cell epigenetics KDM6B odontogenic differentiation

An Unmitigated Disaster: Shifting from Response and Recovery to Mitigation for an Insurable Future

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2019年第2期10卷 179-192页

作者： Eliza de Vet christine Eriksen Kate Booth Shaun French Australian Centre for Culture EnvironmentSociety andSpace(ACCESS)School of Geography and SustainableCommunitiesFaculty of Social SciencesUniversity ofWollongongWollongong NSW2522Australia Geography and Spatial Science University of TasmaniaHobart TAS7001Australia School of Geography Faculty of Social SciencesUniversityof NottinghamNottingham NG72RDEngland

Australian households are increasingly vulnerable to natural hazard-related disasters. To manage disaster risk, government commissioned inquiries have called for greater investment in mitigation. This article critically examines the call for a shift in funding priority towards pre-disaster mitigation measures, in the context of growing concerns around the ability of households to access and afford insurance. It examines mitigation measures in the context of three prominent Australian disasters: the Black Saturday bushfires(Victoria, 2009), the Queensland floods(2010–2011), and Cyclone Yasi(Queensland, 2011). We argue that as a mode of disaster security, mitigation operates as a complex assemblage of logics and practices of protection, preparedness, and resilience, which problematizes simplistic protection/resilience binaries. On the one hand, mitigation serves as a mode of protection, which underscores the dominant maladaptive rationality of insurance. It promises a collective solution to uninsurability that is limited by government fiscal constraints and growing employment of risk-reflective insurance *** the other hand, there is evidence of an emergent rationality of household insurance as a path to resilience and preparedness—for example, in the development of insurance systems that price household retrofitting technologies and in the development of policyholder education campaigns. This resilience rationality holds the promise of securing individuals previously excluded from ***, for householders lacking the necessary physical,cognitive, and financial capacities to make themselves and their properties resilient, the transition to a pre-disaster mitigation mode of security will likely do little to alleviate disadvantage and marginalization.

关键词： Australia Disaster mitigation Household insurance Household marginalization Household resilience Natural hazards

Diverse Roles of Strigolactones in Plant Development

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Molecular Plant 2013年第1期6卷 18-28页

作者： Philip B. Brewer Hinanit Koltai christine A. Beveridget The University of Queensland School of Biological Sciences St Lucia Queensland 4072 Australia Institute of Plant Sciences Agricultural Research Organization The Volcani Center PO Box 6 Bet Dagan 50250 Israel

With the discovery of strigolactones as root exudate signals that trigger parasitic weed seed germination, and then as a branching inhibitor and plant hormone, the next phase of strigolactone research has quickly revealed this hormone class as a major player in optimizing plant growth and development. From the early stages of plant evolution, it seems that strigolactones were involved in enabling plants to modify growth in order to gain advantage in competi- tion with neighboring organisms for limited resources. For example, a moss plant can alter its growth in response to strigolactones emanating from a neighbor. Within a higher plant, strigolactones appear to be involved in controlling the balance of resource distribution via strategic modification of growth and development. Most notably, higher plants that encounter phosphate deficiency increase strigolactone production, which changes root growth and promotes fungal symbiosis to enhance phosphate intake. The shoot also changes by channeling resources away from unessential leaves and branches and into the main stem and root system. This hormonal response is a key adaption that radically alters whole-plant architecture in order to optimize growth and development under diverse environmental conditions.

关键词： strigolactone branching root secondary growth germination symbiosis light nutrient evolution.

Psychological Outcomes in Disaster Responders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on the Effect of Social Support

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2018年第3期9卷 344-358页

作者： Johnrev Guilaran Ian de Terte Krzysztof Kaniasty christine Stephens School of Psychology Massey University Division of Social Sciences University of the Philippines Visayas Department of Psychology Indiana University of Pennsylvania Polish Academy of Sciences

Disaster response work is associated with various psychological outcomes. In post-disaster conditions,social support is generally observed to impact mental health, particularly for survivors. This review was conducted to survey the extent of social support effectiveness on disaster responder groups. Published quantitative social support studies on police, emergency medical responders,rescue and recovery workers, firefighters, and military responders were searched in various academic databases using keyword searches, a reference list search, and a citation search that resulted in 24 studies with 90 effect sizes being included in the final data base. Articles were coded and effect sizes were averaged using the Hedges–Vevea Random Effects model. Nineteen categories of psychological outcomes(for example, anxiety, depression,posttraumatic stress symptoms, and psychological distress)and eight classifications of support were coded. Social support was found to be associated with anxiety, burnout,depression, job control, job satisfaction, psychological distress, turnover intentions, and work engagement, with mean effect sizes from-0.36 to 0.57. Most studies measured perceived social support and negative *** support correlated with outcomes in police responders and rescue and recovery workers. This review discusses the breadth of effect of social support, as well as other elements, such as temporal factors, that may affect the effectiveness of social support in disaster responders.

关键词： Disaster responders Meta-analysis Post-disaster psychological outcomes Psychological distress Social support

Tribology in metal forming at elevated temperatures

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Friction 2015年第1期3卷 1-27页

作者： Kuniaki DOHDA christine BOHER Farhad REZAI-ARIA Numpon MAHAYOTSANUN Department of Mechanical Engineering Northwestern University2145 Sheridan RoadEvanstonIL 60208-3111USA Universitéde Toulouse Mines AlbiICA(Institut Clément Ader)Campus JarlardF-81013 Albi cedex 09France Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringKhon Kaen University123 Moo 16 Mittraphap RoadNai-MuangMuang DistrictKhon Kaen40002Thailand

The tribo-characteristics of metal forming at high temperatures have not yet been well understood due to the complex nature of thermal,microstructural,interaction,and process *** is a review paper on the effects of temperature,coating,and lubrication to the tribological characteristics in hot forming as well as the tribometers for different metal forming processes at elevated temperatures mainly based on the experimental *** tribological behaviors of oxides in hot forming,such as rolling and stamping,were reviewed and *** commonly used surface coatings and lubricants in hot forming were *** types of tribometer were selected and presented and some of them provided a great potential to characterize friction and wear at elevated ***,more testing conditions should be further investigated by developing new ***,experimental results obtained from reliable tribometers could be used in theory and model developments for different forming processes and materials at high *** review also showed the great potential in further investigations and innovation in tribology.

关键词： elevated temperature hot forming oxidation tribometer tribology

Hydrolysable Chestnut Tannin Extract Chemical Complexity in Its Reactions for Non-Isocyanate Polyurethanes(NIPU)Foams

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2023年第6期11卷 2823-2848页

作者： Elham Azadeh Antonio Pizzi christine Gerardin-Charbonnier Philippe Gerardin LERMAB Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of LorraineVandoeuvre les Nancy54506France LERMAB University of LorraineEpinal88051France

Non-isocyanate polyurethane(NIPU)foams from a commercial hydrolysable tannin extract,chestnut wood tannin extract,have been prepared to determine what chemical species and products are taking part in the reactions *** method is based on two main steps:the reaction with dimethyl carbonate and the formation of urethane bonds by further reaction of the carbonated tannin with a diamine-like hexamethylene *** hydroxyl groups on the tannin polyphenols and on the carbohydrates intimately linked with it and part of a hydrolysable tannin are the groups involved in these *** carbohydrate skeleton of the hydrolysable tannin is also able to participate through its hydroxyl groups to the same two reactions rendering the whole molecular complex able to react to form *** analysis by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization(MALDI-TOF)mass spectrometry and 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance(13C NMR)to further investigate the reaction mechanisms involved revealed the unsuspected complexity of chestnut hydrolysable tannin,with different fragments reacting in different manners forming a hardened network of considerable *** the morphology and performance of these types of foams changes slightly with the change in the amount of glutaraldehyde and hexamine hardeners,the best performing foam formulation previously determined was scanned by SEM and analysed chemically for the structures formed.

关键词： Hydrolysable tannin chestnut tannin non-isocyanate bio polyurethanes NIPU MALDI-ToF ^(13)C NMR SEM bio-based materials

Learning from a carbon dioxide capture system dataset: Application of the piecewise neural network algorithm

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Petroleum 2017年第1期3卷 56-67页

作者： Veronica Chan christine Chan Energy Informatics Laboratory Faculty of Engineering and Applied ScienceUniversity of ReginaReginaSK S4S0A2Canada

This paper presents the application of a neural network rule extraction algorithm,called the piecewise linear artificial neural network or PWL-ANN algorithm,on a carbon capture process system *** objective of the application is to enhance understanding of the intricate relationships among the key process *** algorithm extracts rules in the form of multiple linear regression equations by approximating the sigmoid activation functions of the hidden neurons in an artificial neural network(ANN).The PWL-ANN algorithm overcomes the weaknesses of the statistical regression approach,in which accuracies of the generated predictive models are often not satisfactory,and the opaqueness of the ANN *** results show that the generated PWL-ANN models have accuracies that are as high as the originally trained ANN models of the four datasets of the carbon capture process *** analysis of the extracted rules and the magnitude of the coefficients in the equations revealed that the three most significant parameters of the CO_(2) production rate are the steam flow rate through reboiler,reboiler pressure,and the CO_(2) concentration in the flue gas.

关键词： Carbon dioxide capture process system Artificial neural network Rule extractions Non-linear modeling Linear regression

Soil loss and sedimentation rates in a subcatchment of the Yellow river Basin in China

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2024年第3期12卷 534-547页

作者： Simon Scheper Chunyue Liu Zhongbao Xin Lishan Ran christine Alewell Environmental Geosciences University of BaselCH-4056BaselSwitzerland Dr.Simon Scheper-Research|Consulting|Teaching DE-29413DahreGermany School of Soil and Water Conservation Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing100083China Department of Geography The University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong

Soil loss by water erosion is one of the main threats to soil health and food production in intensively used agricultural *** assess its significance to overall sediment production,we applied the Water and Tillage Erosion Model/Sediment Delivery model(WaTEM/SEDEM)to the Luoyugou catchment,a sub-catchment of the Yellow River Basin within the Chinese Loess ***/SEDEM considers rill and interrill erosion and deposition rates to calculate the sediment yield rates leaving the ***-races were established in the 1990s to reduce soil loss in this area,but no soil erosion modeling has been published regarding the effect of this mitigation ***,we applied 1000 Monte Carlo simulations of the WaTEM/SEDEM,and the modeled average soil loss by rill and interrill erosion for 2020 was 12.2±0.5 t ha^(-1)yr^(-1),with a sediment yield at the outlet of 53,207.8±11,244.1 t yr^(-1).The results indicated that the terracing reduced gross soil loss rates(from 51.8t ha^(-1)yr^(-1)in 1986 to 12.2±0.5 t ha^(-1)yr^(-1)in 2020),while land cover changes,mainly the conversion of forests and grassland,partly coun-teracted the mitigation(combined effect:76%reduction).Modeled sediment loads by rill and interrill erosion accounted for 22.8%of the total long-term sediment production recorded by flow discharge *** processes not considered by the model,such as landslides,gully erosion,riverbank erosion,and sediment production by construction,seem to predominantly influence the overall sedi-ment *** years with baseline sediment production only,the measured and modeled sediment yields compared favorably,indicating that the latter processes primarily contribute during extreme events.

关键词： WaTEM/SEDEM Erosion modeling Soil erosion rates Sediment load Risk assessment Terraces

ISLAND COTTAGE ON LAKE SUPERIOR

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Journal of Green Building 2014年第2期9卷 62-83页

作者： christine L.Albertsson Albertsson Hansen Architecture Ltd.MinneapolisMN 55408

Built on Madeline Island in Lake Superior in northwestern Wisconsin,this cottage is an experiment:an attempt to create the feeling of a modern-day settler’s *** built for the harsh climate of northern Wisconsin,the cottage appears lightly put *** this illusion of rudimentary shelter,one feels more closely connected to the project’s powerful natural *** owner and architect were intrigued with the possibility of performance combined with relaxed *** formed the conceptual framework for the creation of these little *** embody the values of efficiency and conservation,with a belief in simple amenities.

关键词： small space simple materials scale and proportion thermal envelope isothermal insulation solar panels aging-in-place