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Reconsidering Co-Morbid Traits in Explanatory Models of High Dental Anxiety Using a Comparison of Psychiatric and normal Patient Samples

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Open Journal of Stomatology 2016年第11期6卷 211-227页

作者： Rod Moore christina Gundlev Jensen Line Bæk Andersen Inger Brødsgaard Dental Anxiety Research & Treatment Center Department of Dentistry Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark Psychiatric Hospital in Aarhus/Risskov Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark

Explanatory models of co-morbid traits related to dental anxiety (DA) as described in the literature were tested and relative strengths analyzed in two groups of Danish adults, one with psychiatric diagnoses (n = 108) and the other healthy incoming patients at a large dental school teaching clinic (n = 151). Dental Anxiety Scale (DAS) and self-report measures representing three co-morbidity explanatory models, 1) presence of other fears;2) anxiety sensitivity and 3) feelings of vulnerability specific to dental treatment, were collected in subscales of a 53-item questionnaire. Other items identified gender, age, education, income, avoidance behavior and dental symptoms. Frequency, chi-square, odds ratio and logistic regression analyses were performed. Results: All individuals with high DA (DAS > 13) regardless of group, demonstrated significant differences in avoidance of treatment (>2 yr.) versus lower or no anxiety. Patients with psychiatric diagnoses were three times more likely to have high DA and nearly two times more likely to have avoided dental treatment >2 yr.;25.9% reported extreme DA, compared to 9.3% of controls. Models of high general fear levels, predisposing anxiety sensitivity and vulnerability all demonstrated significant and strong association with intensity of dental anxiety in bivariate analyses. Feelings of vulnerability were the strongest predictor of DAS high anxiety, according to logistic regression analyses. Conclusion: Co-morbidity explanatory models as represented in present trait measures appear not to be competitive, but rather explain different aspects of a vulnerability model in high dental anxiety. Higher incidence of DA and treatment avoidance in psychiatric patients requires special attention.

关键词： Dental Anxiety Psychiatry Case Comparison Co-Morbidity Personality Traits

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经皮电神经刺激不同部位对脑卒中患者体感诱发电位的影响

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中华物理医学与康复杂志 2007年第1期29卷 29-32页

作者：魏妮燕铁斌 christina WY Hui-Chan 陈月桂中山大学附属第二医院康复医学科广州510120 香港理工大学康复科学系

目的比较单次（45min）经皮电神经刺激（TEnS）不同部位治疗脑卒中患者患侧肢体对体感诱发电位（SEP）的影响。方法按TEnS的治疗部位将14例脑卒中患者分为2组：同时刺激偏瘫侧上、下肢组（上下肢组）8例和单独刺激偏瘫侧上肢组（上肢组... 详细信息

目的比较单次（45min）经皮电神经刺激（TEnS）不同部位治疗脑卒中患者患侧肢体对体感诱发电位（SEP）的影响。方法按TEnS的治疗部位将14例脑卒中患者分为2组：同时刺激偏瘫侧上、下肢组（上下肢组）8例和单独刺激偏瘫侧上肢组（上肢组）6例。2组患者分别接受1次45min的TEnS治疗，刺激频率为100Hz，脉宽为200μs，强度为患者最大耐受量。分析双侧上、下肢或双上肢SEP检测过程中n9和n20的波幅及潜伏期，比较同一测试时间点SEP的重复检测信度，并比较两种不同治疗方法所得到的SEP结果差异。结果2组患者2次检测的SEP值等级间相关系数（ICC）值为0．9006—1．0000，上肢组优于上下肢组。治疗前、后比较，上下肢组的n9和n20波幅及潜伏期无明显变化，而上肢组n9及n20波幅增高，潜伏期缩短，以n20的改变更为显著。治疗前2组患者SEP值比较，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），故以治疗前SEP值为协变量进行统计学分析，治疗后2组患者SEP值差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论单次45min的TEnS治疗能改善脑卒中患者偏瘫肢体的SEP值，单独刺激上肢或同时刺激上下肢均有较高的可重复性，但单独刺激上肢的方法可重复性更高，SEP值的改变更明显。

关键词：经皮电神经刺激体感诱发电位脑卒中

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Gestational heat stress alters skeletal muscle gene expression profiles and vascularity in fetal pigs in a sexually dimorphic manner

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第6期13卷 1785-1798页

作者： Weicheng Zhao Mark P.Green christina D.Marth Fan Liu Hieu H.Le Gordon S.Lynch Alan W.Bell Brian J.Leury Frank R.Dunshea Jeremy J.Cottrell School of Agriculture and Food Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural SciencesThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC 3010Australia School of BioSciences Faculty of ScienceThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC 3010Australia Melbourne Veterinary School Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural SciencesThe University of MelbourneWerribeeVIC 3030Australia Rivalea Australia Pty Ltd CorowaNSW 2646Australia Centre for Muscle Research Department of Anatomy and PhysiologyThe University of MelbourneParkville 3010Australia Department of Animal Science Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853-4801USA Faculty of Biological Sciences The University of LeedsLeeds LS29JTUK

Background: There is evidence that sow heat stress(HS) during gestation affects fetal development with implications for impaired muscle growth. We have previously demonstrated that maternal HS during early to midgestation compromised muscle fibre hyperplasia in developing fetal pigs. Thus, we hypothesised these phenotypic changes are associated with a change in expression of genes regulating fetal skeletal muscle development and metabolism. To test this, at d 60 of gestation, RnA sequencing and immunohistochemistry were performed on fetal longissimus dorsi(LD) muscle biopsies collected from pregnant gilts that had experienced either thermoneutral control(COn, 20 ℃, n = 7 gilts, 18 LD samples) or controlled HS(cyclic 28 to 33 ℃, n = 8 gilts, 23 LD samples)conditions for 3 ***: A total of 282 genes were differentially expressed between the HS and COn groups in female LD muscles(false discovery rate(FDR) ≤ 0.05), whereas no differentially expressed genes were detected in male LD muscles between the two groups(FDR > 0.05). Gestational HS increased the expression of genes associated with transcription corepressor activity, adipogenesis cascades, negative regulation of angiogenesis and pro-inflammatory signalling in female LD muscles. Immunohistochemical analyses revealed a decreased muscle vascularity density in fetuses from HS group for both sexes compared to those from the COn group(P = 0.004).Conclusions: These results reveal gilt HS during early to mid-gestation altered gene expression profiles in fetal LD muscles in a sexually dimorphic manner. The molecular responses, including transcription and angiogenesis repressions and enhanced adipogenesis cascades, were exclusively observed in females. However, the associated reductions in muscle vascularity were observed independently of sexes. Collectively this may indicate female fetal pigs are more adaptive to gestational HS in terms of gene expression changes, and/or there may be sexually dimorphic differences

关键词： Adipogenesis Angiogenesis Fetal pig Gestation Heat stress Sexual dimorphism Skeletal muscle Sows

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Effects of environmental variability on superspreading transmission events in stochastic epidemic models

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2021年第1期6卷 560-583页

作者： nika Shakiba christina J.Edholm Blessing O.Emerenini Anarina L.Murillo Angela Peace Omar Saucedo Xueying Wang Linda J.S.Allen School of Biomedical Engineering University of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada Department of Mathematics Scripps CollegeClaremontCAUSA Department of Mathematics Oregon State UniversityCorvallisORUSA Department of Pediatrics and Center for Statistical Sciences Brown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA Department of Mathematics and Statistics Texas Tech UniversityLubbockTXUSA Department of Mathematics Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State UniversityBlacksburgVAUSA Department of Mathematics and Statistics Washington State UniversityPullmanWAUSA School of Mathematical Sciences Rochester Institute of TechnologyRochesterNYUSA

Superspreaders(individuals with a high propensity for disease spread)have played a pivotal role in recent emerging and re-emerging *** disease outbreak studies,host heterogeneity based on demographic(***,sex,vaccination status)and environmental(***,urban/rural residence,clinics)factors are critical for the spread of infectious diseases,such as Ebola and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome(MERS).Transmission rates can vary as demographic and environmental factors are altered naturally or due to modified behaviors in response to the implementation of public health *** this work,we develop stochastic models to explore the effects of demographic and environmental variability on human-to-human disease transmission rates among superspreaders in the case of Ebola and *** show that the addition of environmental variability results in reduced probability of outbreak occurrence,however the severity of outbreaks that do occur *** observations have implications for public health strategies that aim to control environmental variables.

关键词： Superspreader MERS Ebola Environmental variability Stochastic models

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Liraglutide as Add-on to Oral Antidiabetic Agents or Insulin in Routine Practice of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

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Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2014年第2期4卷 148-154页

作者： Christian Anholm Hans Albert Frandsen Eva christina Hojgaard Sigfusson Henrik Vestergaard Sten Madsbad Department of Endocrinology Herlev Hospital Copenhagen Denmark Department of Endocrinology Hvidovre Hospital Copenhagen Denmark Department of Internal Medicine Amager Hospital Copenhagen Denmark

Aims: To evaluate in a real-word routine-care practice the effect of liraglutide as add-on treatment in type 2 diabetic patients treated with oral antidiabetic agents and/or insulin. Methods: A retrospective study from 3 outpatient clinics in Copenhagen, Denmark, of all patients (n = 534) initiating treatment with liraglutide. 346 patients were treated ≥3 months. Excluded from analysis were: 107 patients changing from exenatide and 83 due to lack of clinical response or adverse events. Results: In 149 patients liraglutide was add-on to oral antidiabetic agents, most often metformin plus sulfonylurea (n = 86). Mean follow-up: 7.3 ± 3.0 months. HbA1c reduction: 1.3% ± 1.5% (15 ± 16 mmol/mol) from a baseline of 8.7% ± 1.5% (71 ± 16 mmol/mol). Weight reduction: –3.5 ± 4.9 kg from 105.2 ± 21.3 kg. Sulfonylurea treatment was stopped/dose reduced in 57% of these patients. In 114 patients liraglutide was add-on to insulin. Mean follow-up: 7.0 ± 3.1 months. HbA1c reduction: 0.8% ± 1.2% (8 mmol/mol) from a baseline of 8.7% ± 1.5% (71 ± 16 mmol/mol). Weight reduction: –5.1 ± 4.9 kg from 109.2 ± 22.1 kg. Baseline insulin dose of 83 ± 59 U/day was reduced by 28 ± 36 U/day. Insulin therapy could be stopped in 19% of these patients. Conclusions: Effects on HbA1c and weight of liraglutide as add-on to oral antidiabetic agents were not different from results previously published in randomised trials. Adding liraglutide to existing insulin regimens is an attractive treatment strategy in obese type 2 diabetic patients.

关键词： Type 2 Diabetes GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Liraglutide Insulin Treatment

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KIT-negative gastrointestinal stromal tumors with a long term follow-up:A new subgroup does exist

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第7期13卷 1098-1102页

作者： Katerina Kontogianni-Katsarou Constantina Lariou Eugenia Tsompanaki christina Vourlakou Evi Kairi-Vassilatou Costas Mastoris Georgia Pantazi Agatha Kondi-Pafiti Department of Pathology Athens Medical School Areteion University Hospital 76 Vas. Sophias Ave. Athens 11528 Greece Department of Pathology Evaggelismos General Hospital Ipsiladou 45-47 Athens 10676 Greece Department of Statistics School of Economics and Business Athens University Patision 76 Athens 10434 Greece

AIM： To investigate the incidence of KIT immunohostochemical staining in （GI） stromal tumors （GISTs）, and to analyze the clinical manifestations of the tumors and prognostic indicators. METHODS： We retrospectively analyzed 50 cases of previously diagnosed GISTs. Tissue samples were assessed with KIT （CDl17 antigen）, CD34, SMA, desmin, S-100, nSE, PCnA, Ki-67, and BCL-2 for immunohistochemical study and pathological characteristics were analyzed for prognostic factors. RESULTS： Fifteen tumors （30%） were negative in KIT staining. A significant association was observed between gender （male patients： 14/15） and KIT-negative staining （P = 0.003）.The patients＇s mean age was 56.6 years. Tumors developed in stomach （n = 8）, small intestine （n = 5）, large intestine （n = 1） and oesophagus （n = 1）. The mean tumor size was 5.72 cm. The mitotic count ranged from 0-29/50 HPF （mean： 3.4） and 73% of tumors showed no necrosis. The majority of the tumors （67%） had dual or epithelioid differentiation. Tumors were classified as very low or low risk （n = 7）, intermediate risk （n = 5）, and high risk （n = 3） groups. Twelve （80%） patients were alive without evidence of residual tumor for an average period of 40.25 mo （12-82 too）; three patients developed metastatic disease to the liver and eventually died within 2-12 mo （median survival： 8.6 too）.COnCLUSIOn： A small subgroup of GISTs fulfils the clinical and morphological criteria of these tumors, and lacks KIT expression. These tumors predominantly developed in the stomach, being dual or epithelioid in morphology, which are classified as low risk tumors and presented a better survival status than KIT-positive tumors. The ability to diagnose GISTs still depends on immunohistochemical staining but the research should extend in gene mutations.

关键词： Gastrointestinal stromal tumors CD 117antigen Immunohistochemistry Survival

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The effect of high-flow oxygen via tracheostomy on respiratory pattern and diaphragmatic function in patients with prolonged mechanical ventilation:A randomized,physiological,crossover study

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Journal of Intensive Medicine 2024年第2期4卷 202-208页

作者： Elena Lytra Stelios Kokkoris Ioannis Poularas Dimitrios Filippiadis Demosthenes Cokkinos Dimitrios Exarhos Spyros Zakynthinos christina Routsi 1st Department of Intensive Care Medical SchoolNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensEvangelismos HospitalAthensGreece Radiology Department Evangelismos HospitalAthensGreece 2nd Radiology Department Medical SchoolNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAttikon HospitalAthensGreece

Background Compared to conventional oxygen devices,high-flow oxygen treatment(HFOT)through the nasal cannulae has demonstrated clinical *** data exist on whether such effects are also present in HFOT through ***,we aimed to examine the short-term effects of HFOT through tracheostomy on diaphragmatic function and respiratory parameters in tracheostomized patients on prolonged mechanical *** A randomized,crossover,physiological study was conducted in our ICU between December 2020 and April 2021,in patients with tracheostomy and prolonged mechanical *** patients underwent a 30-min spontaneous breathing trial(SBT)and received oxygen either via T-piece or by HFOT through tracheostomy,followed by a washout period of 15-min breathing through the T-piece and receipt of 30-min oxygen with the other modality in a randomized crossover *** the start and end of each session,blood gasses,breathing frequency(f),and tidal volume(VT)via a Wright's spirometer were measured,along with diaphragm ultrasonography including diaphragm excursion and diaphragmatic thickening fraction,which expressed the inspiratory muscle *** Eleven patients were enrolled in whom 19 sessions were uneventfully completed;eight patients were studied twice on two different days with alternate sessions;and three patients were studied *** were randomly assigned to start the SBT with a T-piece(n=10 sessions)or with HFOT(n=9 sessions).With HFOT,VT and minute ventilation(VE)significantly increased during SBT(from[465±119]mL to[549±134]mL,Pnd from[12.4±4.3]L/min to[13.1±4.2]L/min,Pnot change significantly during SBT with T-piece(from[495±132]mL to[461±123]mL and from[12.8±4.4]mL to[12.0±4.4]mL,respectively);f/VT decreased during HFOT(from[64±31]breaths/(min∙L)to[49±24]breaths/(min∙L),Pnot change significantly during SBT with T-piece(from[59±28]breaths/(min∙L)to[64±33]breaths/(m

关键词： Diaphragm Diaphragm ultrasonography High-flow oxygen Prolonged mechanical ventilation Tracheostomy

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Willingness of Greek general population to get a COVID-19 vaccine

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Global Health Research and Policy 2021年第1期6卷 478-487页

作者： Georgia Kourlaba Eleni Kourkouni Stefania Maistreli christina-Grammatiki Tsopela nafsika-Maria Molocha Christos Triantafyllou Markela Koniordou Ioannis Kopsidas Evangelia Chorianopoulou Stefania Maroudi-Manta Dimitrios Filippou Theoklis E.Zaoutis Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Outcomes Research(CLEO) AthensGreece ECOnCARE LP AthensGreece Department of Anatomy and Surgical Anatomy Medical SchoolNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAthensGreece Division of Infectious Diseases The Children’s Hospital of PhiladelphiaPerelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUSA

Background:Epidemiological data indicate that a large part of population needs to be vaccinated to achieve herd ***,it is of high importance for public health officials to know whether people are going to get vaccinated for *** objective of the present study was to examine the willingness of adult residents in Greece to receive a COVID-19 ***:A cross-sectional was survey conducted among the adult general population of Greece between April 28,2020 to May 03,2020(last week of lockdown),using a mixed methodology for data collection:Computer Assisted Telephone Interviewing(CATI)and Computer Assisted web Interviewing(CAWI).Using a sample size calculator,the target sample size was found to be around 1000 *** ensure a nationally representative sample of the urban/rural population according to the Greek census 2011,a proportionate stratified by region systematic sampling procedure was used to recruit *** collection was guided through a structured *** willingness to COVID-19 vaccination,participants were asked to answer the following question:“If there was a vaccine available for the novel coronavirus,would you do it?”Results:Of 1004 respondents only 57.7%stated that they are going to get vaccinated for *** aged>65 years old,those who either themselves or a member of their household belonged to a vulnerable group,those believing that the COVID-19 virus was not developed in laboratories by humans,those believing that coronavirus is far more contagious and lethal compared to the H1n1 virus,and those believing that next waves are coming were statistically significantly more likely to be willing to get a COVID-19 *** knowledge score regarding symptoms,transmission routes and prevention and control measures against COVID-19 was significantly associated with higher willingness of respondents to get ***:A significant proportion of individuals in the general popu

关键词： Vaccine hesitancy COVID-19 Europe Vaccine coverage

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Determinants of Modern Contraceptive Use among Women of Reproductive Age in Tanzania: Evidence from Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey Data

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Advances in Sexual Medicine 2015年第3期5卷 43-52页

作者： Paulo Lino Kidayi Sia Msuya Jim Todd Chuki christina Mtuya Tara Mtuy Michael Johnson Mahande Institute of Public Health Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College Moshi Tanzania London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine London UK Fuculty of nursing Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College Moshi Tanzania

Introduction: Tanzania is among of the African countries with high maternal and child mortality rates and fast growing population. It also has high fertility rate and a huge unmet need for family planning. Contraceptive use reported to avert more than 1 million maternal deaths in Sub-Saharan Africa due to decline in fertility rate and thus help to achieve MDG 4 and 5. Therefore, this study aimed to determine factors influencing modern contraceptive use among women aged 15 - 49 years in Tanzania. Methods: This was a secondary analysis of Tanzania Demographic Health Survey (TDHS), 2010. A total of 475 clusters (urban and rural) composed of 9663 households were selected. During the survey, a total of 10,139 women aged 15 - 49 years were interviewed about sexual and reproductive matters using a standardized questionnaire. We restricted our analysis to married/cohabiting women (n = 6412) responded for in individual records and domestic violence (n = 4471). Univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed using Stata version 11.0. Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals for determinants of modern contraceptive use were estimated. A P value of 5% (2 tails) was considered statistically significant. Results: Women empowerment (OR = 1.4;95% CI: 1.13 - 1.63), male-female age difference of less or equal to nine (OR = 1.6;95 CI: 1.01 - 2.66), and advice given at health care facilities on family planning (OR = 1.6;95 CI: 1.37 - 1.96) were predictors of modern contraceptive use. Woman sexual violence was not associated with modern contraceptive use. Conclusions: The predictors of modern contraceptive use in our study correspond with previous studies in low and middle income countries. Women empowerment, male-female age difference, and child desire were important predictors for modern contraceptive use. This highlights the need to promote contraceptive use among women of reproductive age.

关键词： Determinants Modern Contraceptive Use Intimate Partner Violence Tanzania

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Communities and service providers address access to perinatal care in postconflict northern Uganda:socialising evidence for participatory action

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2021年第2期9卷 1-10页

作者： Loubna Belaid Pamela Atim Eunice Atim Emmanuel Ochola Martin Ogwang Pontius Bayo Janet Oola Isaac Wonyima Okello Ivan Sarmiento Laura Rojas-Rozo Kate Zinszer christina Zarowsky neil Andersson CIET/PRAM Family Medicine McGill UniversityMontrealQuébecCanada Public Health Gulu UniversityGuluUganda Maternal and child health Nwoya Health DistrictNwoyaUganda St Mary's Lacor Hospital GuluUganda Family Medicine McGill UniversityMontrealQuébecCanada Preventive and social medicine University of MontrealMontrealQuébecCanada Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero Centro de Investigación de Enfermedades TropicalesAcapulcoMexico

Objectives Describe participatory codesign of interventions to improve access to perinatal care services in northern *** design Mixed-methods participatory research to codesign increased access to perinatal *** cognitive mapping,focus groups and a household survey identified and documented the extent of obstructions to *** dialogue focused stakeholder discussions of this evidence to address the obstacles to *** significant change stories explored the participant experience of this *** Three parishes in nwoya district in the Gulu region,northern *** Purposively sampled groups of women,men,female youth,male youth,community health workers,traditional midwives and service *** of seven stakeholder categories included 5-8 participants in each of three *** Stakeholders identified several obstructions to accessing perinatal care:lack of savings in preparation for childbirth in facility costs,lack of male support and poor service provider *** suggested joining saving groups,practising saving money and income generation to address the short-term financial *** recommended increasing spousal awareness of perinatal care and they proposed improving service provider *** described their own improved care-seeking behaviour and patient-provider relationships as short-term gains of the *** Participatory service improvement is feasible and acceptable in postconflict settings like northern *** communities in identifying perinatal service delivery issues and reflecting on local evidence about these issues generate workable community-led solutions and increases trust between community members and service providers.

关键词： service services action

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