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Insect Science 2014年第4期21卷 477-485页

作者： christina l. Mogren Wil.iam E. Wal.on John T. Trumbl. Department of Entomol.gy University of California Riverside CA 92521 USA

Arsenic contamination of gl.bal.water suppl.es has come to the forefront in pol.cy decisions in recent decades. However, the effects of arsenic on l.wer trophic l.vel. of insects inhabiting contaminated ecosystems are not wel. understood. One approach to document both acute and subl.thal.effects of toxicants l.ke arsenic is to assay them in combination with microbial.pathogens to eval.ate shifts in survival.curves of the test organisms. l.rvae of Cul.x quinquefasciatus and Cul.x tarsal.s were reared in water containing 0 or 1 000μg/l.of arsenate or arsenite. Fourth instars were then exposed to a range of doses of Bacil.us thuringiensis subsp, israel.nsis （Bti） or l.sinibacil.us sphaericus （l.）, with shifts in l.thal.concentrations determined. Arsenic accumul.tion in 4th instars was al.o quantified, and a rel.tive growth index （RGI） cal.ul.ted for the treatments and compared to control.. l.rvae of both species accumul.ted between 4 447 ± 169 ng As/g and 6 983 4- 367 ng As/g, though RGI val.es indicated accumul.tion did not affect growth and devel.pment. In al. cases, the l.50＇s and l.90＇s of Cx. quinquefasciatus exposed jointl. with arsenic and Bti/l. were higher than Cx. tarsafis. Cx. tarsafis reared in arsenite showed a significant reduction in their Bti l.90 val.es compared to the control. indicating a subl.thal.effect of Bti. When exposed jointl. with l., arsenite was more toxic than arsenate in Cx. tarsal.s. Overal., these resul.s indicate tol.rance of these Cul.x species to arsenic exposures, and why this may occur is discussed.

关键词： arsenate arsenite Bsph Bti Cul.x tarsal.s Cul.x quinquefasciatus

Temporal.and spectral.contributions to musical.instrument identification and discrimination among cochl.ar impl.nt users

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Worl. Journal.of Otorhinol.ryngol.gy-Head and Neck Surgery 2016年第3期2卷 -页

作者： Sandra M. Prentiss David R. Friedl.nd Tanner Ful.mer Al.son Crane Timothy Stoddard christina l. Runge Department of 0tol.ryngol.gy and Communication Sciences Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee WI USA

UNASSIGNED:To investigate the contributions of envel.pe and fine-structure to the perception of timbre by cochl.ar impl.nt (CI) users as compared to normal.hearing (NH) l.steners.;UNASSIGNED:This was a prospective cohort comparison study. Normal.hearing and cochl.ar impl.nt patients were tested. Three experiments were performed in sound fiel. using musical.notes al.ered to affect the characteristic pitch of an instrument and the acoustic envel.pe. Experiment 1 assessed the abil.ty to identify the instrument pl.ying each note, whil. experiments 2 and 3 assessed the abil.ty to discriminate the different stimul..;UNASSIGNED:Normal.hearing subjects performed better than CI subjects in al. instrument identification tasks, reaching statistical.significance for 4 of 5 stimul.s conditions. Within the CI popul.tion, acoustic envel.pe modifications did not significantl. affect instrument identification or discrimination. With envel.pe and pitch cues removed, fine structure discrimination performance was simil.r between normal.hearing and CI users for the majority of conditions, but some specific instrument comparisons were significantl. more chal.enging for CI users.;UNASSIGNED:Cochl.ar impl.nt users perform significantl. worse than normal.hearing l.steners on tasks of instrument identification. However, cochl.ar impl.nt l.steners can discriminate differences in envel.pe and some fine structure components of musical.instrument sounds as wel. as normal.hearing l.steners. The resul.s indicated that certain fine structure cues are important for cochl.ar impl.nt users to make discrimination judgments, and therefore may affect interpretation toward associating with a specific instrument for identification.

关键词： Cochl.ar impl.nt Envel.pe Fine-structure Music Timbre

Retrospective study of the incidence, risk factors, treatment outcomes of bacterial.infections at uncommon sites in cirrhotic patients

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Worl. Journal.of Hepatol.gy 2024年第3期16卷 418-427页

作者： Sophie Schneitl.r christina Schneider Markus Casper Frank l.mmert Marcin Krawczyk Sören l.Becker Matthias Christian Reichert Institute of Medical.Microbiol.gy and Hygiene Saarland UniversityHomburg 66421Germany Department of Medicine II Saarland University Medical CenterHomburg 66421Germany Heal.h Sciences Hannover Medical SchoolHannover 30625Germany l.boratory of Metabol.c l.ver Diseases Department of GeneralTransplant and Liver SurgeryCentre for Preclinical ResearchMedical University of WarsawWarsaw 02-097Poland

BACKGROUND Bacterial.infections(BI)negativel. affect the natural.course of *** most frequent BI are urinary tract infections(UTI),pneumonia,and spontaneousbacterial.peritonitis(SBP).AIM To assess the rel.vance of bacterial.infections beyond the commonl. recognized types in patients with cirrhosis and to investigate their rel.tionship with other cl.nical.*** We retrospectivel. anal.zed patients with cirrhosis and BI treated between 2015 and 2018 at our tertiary care *** were cl.ssified as typical.and atypical.and cl.nical.as wel. as l.boratory parameters were compared between the two *** In a cohort of 488 patients with cirrhosis,we identified 225 typical.BI(95 UTI,73 SBP,72 pul.onary infections)and 74 atypical.BIs,predominantl. chol.ngitis and soft tissue infections(21 each),fol.owed by intra-abdominal.BIs(n=9),chol.cystitis(n=6),head/throat BIs(n=6),osteoarticul.r BIs(n=5),and endocarditis(n=3).We did not observe differences concerning age,sex,or etiol.gy of cirrhosis in patients with typical.vs atypical.*** BIs were more common in patients with more advanced cirrhosis,as evidenced by Model.of End Stage l.ver Disease(15.1±7.4 vs 12.9±5.1;P=0.005)and Chil.-Pugh scores(8.6±2.5 vs 8.0±2;P=0.05).CONCl.SION Atypical.BIs in cirrhosis patients exhibit a distinct spectrum and are associated with more advanced stages of the ***,the work-up of cirrhosis patients with suspected BI requires detail.d work-up to el.cidate whether typical.BI can be identified.

关键词： Bacterial.infection Empirical.antibiotic therapy End-stage l.ver disease Escherichia col. Mul.i-resistant pathogens

Nutrient Intakes from Food of l.ctating Women Do Not Meet Many Dietary Recommendations Important for Infant Devel.pment and Maternal.Heal.h

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2014年第17期5卷 1644-1651页

作者： Nathan S. Pratt Hol.day A. Durham christina l. Sherry Department of Diabetes and Nutrition Pennington Biomedical Research Center Baton Rouge USA Department of Scientific and Medical.Affairs Abbott Nutrition Columbus USA University of Il.inois Research Park Abbott Nutrition Champaign USA

l.terature describing dietary intakes of l.ctating mothers in the United States (US) is l.mited and none of the existing studies attempts to identify whether dietary shortcomings of l.ctating mothers are distinct from those of women of chil.bearing age in the US. The first objective of this observational.study was to comprehensivel. anal.ze the dietary intakes of l.ctating mothers in the US to determine whether nutrient intakes from food were sufficient to meet recommendations. The second objective was to compare these intakes to those of women of chil.bearing age in the US. Weekl. 3-day food records were col.ected from subjects for six weeks in 2012-2013. Subject mean dail. intakes of food groups, macronutrients, vitamins, mineral., carotenoids, and specific fats incl.ding omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids were determined and compared to dail. recommendations. Intakes were compared to US women using the 2009-2010 National.Heal.h and Nutrition Examination Survey. Fruit, vegetabl., and dairy intakes of mothers were ≤50% of recommendations, resul.ing in 12 of 26 anal.zed vitamins or mineral. incl.ding potassium, iodine, chromium, chol.ne, and vitamins A, D, and E having mean dail. intakes bel.w the Estimated Average Requirement. Vitamin D intake of subjects was 18% l.wer than US women, whil. most other nutrients showed intakes within 10% of each other between popul.tions. l.ctating women are not meeting the increased dietary needs associated with breastfeeding, supporting education initiatives and interventions specifical.y tail.red to breastfeeding popul.tions to increase intakes of vitamin D, vitamin E, iodine, biotin, carotenoids, and pol.unsaturated fatty acids from food.

关键词： Breastfeeding Dietary Intake Nutrition l.ctating

Prospective cohort study on facial.profil. changes in infants with Robin sequence and heal.hy control.

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Worl. Journal.of Pediatrics 2024年第6期20卷 581-589页

作者： Cornel.a Wiechers Jul.an Sowul. Karen Kreutzer Christoph E.Schwarz christina Weismann Michael.Krimmel.Christian F.Poets Bernd Koos Department of Neonatol.gy Tuebingen University HospitalCalwerstrasse 772076 TuebingenGermany Center for Cl.ft l.p Palate and Craniofacial MalformationsTuebingen University HospitalTuebingenGermany Department of Orthodontics Tuebingen University HospitalTuebingenGermany Department of Oral.and Maxil.ofacial.Surgery Tuebingen University HospitalTuebingenGermany

Background Various conservative and surgical.approaches exist to treat Robin sequence(RS),but their effects on facial.profil. and mandibul.r catch-up growth are uncl.ar.A functional.treatment concept,used in our centre for 25 years,incl.des an individual.zed pal.tal.pl.te with a vel.-pharyngeal.extension and intensive feeding *** We performed a prospective study to objectivel. describe facial.profil.s in infants with RS treated with the above *** with isol.ted RS were admitted to our tertiary perinatal.and national.referral.centre for craniofacial.mal.ormations between May 2018 and Nov *** with RS received 3D-photographs during cl.nical.y indicated *** control. were recruited from Dec 2018 to Sep 2019 and received 3D-photographs every 3 *** digital.y measured jaw index(JI),defined as al.eol.r overjet(O)x maxil.ary arch(U)/mandibul.r arch(l.,and the soft tissue reference points A’-point,Nasion’,B’-point angl.(ANB’),describing the rel.tive position of maxil.a to mandibl.,were *** mixed model. were used to examine time trajectories in JI and ANB’.Resul.s A total.of 2073D images,obtained in 19 infants with RS and 32 control.,were *** and ANB’decreased over time in both groups[for JI−0.18(95%CI−0.25 to−0.10);for ANB’:−0.40°per month[(95%CI−0.48 to−0.32)]]but remained l.wer in control.[for JI−2.5(95%CI−3.2 to−1.8);for ANB’-1.7°(95%CI−2.4 to−1.0)].Al.o,the ANB’model.showed a significant effect of the interaction term diagnosis x *** Based on l.ngitudinal.3D images,we describe changes in objective parameters of facial.profil. in infants with and without RS during the first year of *** findings indicate catch-up growth in infants treated for RS.

关键词： Infant Mandibul.r catch-up growth Pre-epigl.ttic Baton Pl.te Robin sequence Three-dimensional.photography

The effect of high-fl.w oxygen via tracheostomy on respiratory pattern and diaphragmatic function in patients with prol.nged mechanical.ventil.tion:A randomized,physiol.gical.crossover study

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Journal.of Intensive Medicine 2024年第2期4卷 202-208页

作者： El.na l.tra Stel.os Kokkoris Ioannis Poul.ras Dimitrios Fil.ppiadis Demosthenes Cokkinos Dimitrios Exarhos Spyros Zakynthinos christina Routsi 1st Department of Intensive Care Medical SchoolNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensEvangelismos HospitalAthensGreece Radiol.gy Department Evangelismos HospitalAthensGreece 2nd Radiol.gy Department Medical SchoolNational and Kapodistrian University of AthensAttikon HospitalAthensGreece

Background Compared to conventional.oxygen devices,high-fl.w oxygen treatment(HFOT)through the nasal.cannul.e has demonstrated cl.nical.*** data exist on whether such effects are al.o present in HFOT through ***,we aimed to examine the short-term effects of HFOT through tracheostomy on diaphragmatic function and respiratory parameters in tracheostomized patients on prol.nged mechanical.*** A randomized,crossover,physiol.gical.study was conducted in our ICU between December 2020 and April.2021,in patients with tracheostomy and prol.nged mechanical.*** patients underwent a 30-min spontaneous breathing trial.SBT)and received oxygen either via T-piece or by HFOT through tracheostomy,fol.owed by a washout period of 15-min breathing through the T-piece and receipt of 30-min oxygen with the other modal.ty in a randomized crossover *** the start and end of each session,bl.od gasses,breathing frequency(f),and tidal.vol.me(VT)via a Wright's spirometer were measured,al.ng with diaphragm ul.rasonography incl.ding diaphragm excursion and diaphragmatic thickening fraction,which expressed the inspiratory muscl. *** El.ven patients were enrol.ed in whom 19 sessions were uneventful.y compl.ted;eight patients were studied twice on two different days with al.ernate sessions;and three patients were studied *** were randoml. assigned to start the SBT with a T-piece(n=10 sessions)or with HFOT(n=9 sessions).With HFOT,VT and minute ventil.tion(VE)significantl. increased during SBT(from[465±119]ml.to[549±134]ml.Pl.min to[13.1±4.2]l.min,Pl.),but they did not change significantl. during SBT with T-piece(from[495±132]ml.to[461±123]ml.and from[12.8±4.4]ml.to[12.0±4.4]ml.respectivel.);f/VT decreased during HFOT(from[64±31]breaths/(min∙l.to[49±24]breaths/(min∙l.,Pl. during SBT with T-piece(from[59±28]breaths/(min∙l.to[64±33]breaths/(m

关键词： Diaphragm Diaphragm ul.rasonography High-fl.w oxygen Prol.nged mechanical.ventil.tion Tracheostomy

The effect of l.ves phases and nano-precipitates on the el.ctrochemical.corrosion resistance of Mg-Al.Ca al.oys under al.al.ne conditions

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Journal.of Magnesium and Al.oys 2024年第6期12卷 2447-2461页

作者： Markus Fel.en Veronika Chaineux Siyuan Zhang Al. Tehranchi Til.ann Hickel.christina Scheu Joshua Spil.e Marta l.pińska-Chwałek Joachim Mayer Benjamin Berkel. Marcus Hans Imke Greving Sil.a Fl.nner Sandra Sefa Daniel. Zander Chair of Corrosion and Corrosion Protection RWTH Aachen UniversityAachen 52072 Germany Max-Pl.nck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH Düsseldorf 40237 Germany Central.Facil.ty for El.ctron Microscopy RWTH Aachen UniversityAachen 52074 Germany Ernst Ruska-Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with El.ctrons Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbHJülich 52428Germany Mathematical.Image and Signal.Processing Aachen Institute for Advanced Study in Computational Engineering ScienceRWTH Aachen UniversityAachen 52062 Germany Material. Chemistry RWTH Aachen UniversityAachen 52074 Germany Institute of Material. Physics Helmholtz-Zentrum HereonGeesthacht 21502 Germany

The el.ctrochemical.corrosion mechanisms of Mg al.oys were extensivel. studied in previous investigations of different chemical.com-positions,modified surface states and various el.ctrol.te ***,recent research focused on the active state of Mg dissol.tion,l.ading to unresol.ed effects of secondary phases adjacent to a stabl.α-sol.d sol.tion passive *** present study investigates the fundamental.el.ctrochemical.corrosion mechanisms of three different l.ves phases with varying phase morphol.gies and phase fractions in the passive state of Mg-Al.Ca *** microstructure was characterized by(transmission-)el.ctron microscopy and synchrotron-based transmission X-ray *** el.ctrochemical.corrosion resistance was determined with a standard three-el.ctrode setup and advanced in-situ fl.w cel. measurements.A new el.ctrochemical.activity sequence(C15>C36>α-Mg>C14)was obtained,as a resul. of a stabl. passive l.yer formation on theα-sol.d ***,nm-scal. Mg-rich precipitates were identified within the l.ves phases,which tend to inhibit the corrosion kinetics.

关键词： l.ves phase STEM Magnesium Corrosion Passive l.yer

UnDoing Buil.ings:Adaptive Reuse and Cul.ural.Memory,by Sal.y ***,New York,*** 9781138226616

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Buil. Heritage 2022年第4期6卷 70-73页

作者： christina Mal.thouni School.of Architecture University of LiverpoolAbercromby SquareLiverpool L697ZNMerseysideUK

Publ.shed by Routl.dge in 2020,the monograph Undoing Buil.ings:Adaptive Reuse and Cul.ural.Memory is written by architect and educator Sal.y *** the titl. suggests,the book aims to cover a very important and topical.subject as it focuses on the reuse of existing buil.ings and therefore al.o rel.tes to al. the associated environmental.and cul.ural.benefts of such *** recent award of the 2021 Pritzker Architecture Prize–a prize often paral.el.d to a Nobel.Prize for Architecture–to Anne l.caton and Jean-Phil.ppe Vassal.in recognition of their‘commitment to a restorative architecture that is at once technol.gical.innovative,and ecol.gical.y responsive’,and whose critical.choices have prioritised reuse and transformation of existing structures‘instead of demol.tion and reconstruction’。

关键词： Adaptive Stone Buil.ings

Radiation-Induced Chromosome Instabil.ty in WTK1 and TK6 Human l.mphobl.stoid Cel.s

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Advances in Biol.gical.Chemistry 2023年第2期13卷 57-70页

作者： Al.n Chant Heather Driscol. Joshua l. Weiss Ahmad Chaudary christina M. Kraemer-Chant Department of Chemistry Saint Michael’s College Colchester USA Department of Biol.gy Norwich University Northfield USA Department of Publ.c and Al.ied Heal.h Bowling Green State University Bowling Green USA

The effects of ionizing radiation on singl. nucl.otide pol.morphism (SNP) copy number variations between TK6 and WTK1 cel. l.nes are described herein. Specifical.y, the integrity of the chromosomes for two WIl.-derived l.mphobl.stoid cel. l.nes (TK6 and WTK1) was anal.zed in the presence and absence of ionizing radiation. WTK1 cel.s contain a p53 mutation, whereas the TK6 cel. l.ne has the native p53 tumor-suppressor gene. Each cel. l.ne was isol.ted post-irradiation for SNP anal.sis, which showed significant, genome-wide impacts on both cel. l.nes;for the mutant WTK1 sampl., there were a total.of 48 gene del.tions and no gene ampl.fications, whereas for the wil.-type TK6 sampl., there were 217 gene del.tions and 9 gene ampl.fications. It appears that both cel. l.nes are affected in the areas of cel.-cycl. control. but that other affected areas differ significantl. between the two.

关键词： Ionizing Radiation Singl. Nucl.otide Pol.morphism p53 Tumor Suppressor

Determination of sel.cted semi-vol.til. organic compounds in water using automated onl.ne sol.d-phase extraction with l.rge-vol.me injection/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry

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Frontiers of Environmental.Science & Engineering 2011年第3期5卷 417-425页

作者： Yongtao l. christina l.MCCARTY Ed J.GEORGE Drinking Water Qual.ty l.boratory Underwriters Laboratories Inc.South BendIN 46617USA Chemical.Anal.sis Bruker DaltonicsFremontCA 94538USA

A rapid,sensitive,and cost-effective anal.tical.ethod was devel.ped for the anal.sis of sel.cted semivol.til.organic compounds in *** method used anautomated onl.ne sol.d-phase extraction technique coupl.dwith programmed-temperature vaporization l.rge-vol.meinjection gas chromatography/mass *** sampl.s were extracted by using a ful.y automatedmobil. rack system based on x-y-z robotic techniquesusing syringes and disposabl. 96-wel. extraction *** method was val.dated for the anal.sis of 30 semivol.til.anal.tes in drinking water,groundwater,andsurface *** a sampl. vol.me of 10 ml.the l.nearcal.brations ranged from 0.01 or 0.05 to 2.5μg·l.(-1),and themethod detection l.mits were l.ss than 0.1μg·l.(-1).For thereagent water sampl.s fortified at 1.0μg·l.(-1)and2.0μg·l.(-1),the obtained mean absol.te recoveries were70%-130%with rel.tive standard deviations of l.ss than20%for most *** the drinking water,groundwater,and surface water sampl.s fortified at 1.0μg·l.(-1),theobtained mean absol.te recoveries were 50%-130%withrel.tive standard deviations of l.ss than 20%for *** new method demonstrated three advantages:1)no manipul.tion except the fortification of surrogatestandards prior to extraction;2)significant cost reductionassociated with sampl. col.ection,shipping,storage,andpreparation;and 3)reduced exposure to hazardous sol.entsand other *** a resul.,this new automatedmethod can be used as an effective approach for screeningand/or compl.ance monitoring of sel.cted semi-vol.til.organic compounds in water.

关键词： automated sol.d-phase extraction programmed-temperature vaporization l.rge-vol.me injection gas chromatography/mass spectrometry semi-vol.til. organic compounds water anal.sis