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Myelin-based inhibitors of oligodendrocyte myelination: clues from axonal growth and regeneration

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2013年第2期29卷 177-188页

作者： Feng Mei S.Y.christin Chong Jonah R.Chan Department of Neurology Program in Neuroscience and the MS Research GroupUniversity of California

The differentiation of and myelination by oligodendrocytes （OLs） are exquisitely regulated by a series of intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms. As each OL can make differing numbers of myelin segments with variable lengths along similar axon tracts, myelination can be viewed as a graded process shaped by inhibitory/ inductive cues during development. Myelination by OLs is a prime example of an adaptive process determined by the microenvironment and architecture of the central nervous system （CNS）. In this review, we discuss how myelin formation by OLs may be controlled by the heterogeneous microenvironment of the CNS. Then we address recent findings demonstrating that neighboring OLs may compete for available axon space, and highlight our current understanding of myelin-based inhibitors of axonal regeneration that are potentially responsible for the reciprocal dialogue between OLs and determine the numbers and lengths of myelin internodes. Understanding the mechanisms that control the spatiotemporal regulation of myelinogenic potential during development may provide valuable insight into therapeutic strategies for promoting remyelination in an inhibitory microenvironment.

关键词： differentiation myelin nogo-A LINGO-l semaphorin ephrin netrin-1

Sports activity patterns and cardio-metabolic health over time among adults in Germany: Results of a nationwide 12-year follow-up study

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2021年第4期10卷 439-446页

作者： Lars Gabrys Jens Baumert christin Heidemann Markus Busch Jonas David Finger University of Applied Sciences of Sport and Management 14471 PotsdamGermany Robert Koch Institute Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring12101 BerlinGermany

Background:Physical activity is favorable for health,and vigorous sports activity is particularly *** study investigates the association between changes in sports participation patterns over time and cardio-metabolic and self-perceived health ***:Data from 3752 adults(18-79 years of age)who participated in 2 national health interview and examination surveys in 1997-1999 and 2008-2011 were included,with a mean follow-up time of about 12 years.A change in self-reported sports activity was analyzed with respect to the incidence of type 2 diabetes,coronary heart disease(CHD),hypertension,obesity,dyslipidemia,metabolic syndrome,and poor self-perceived *** with pre-existing disease or risk factor of interest at baseline were excluded from the *** sufficiently active in sports was specified as doing sports for at least 1-2 h per week,and 4 activity categories were defined:1)inactive at both time points(inactive-inactive),2)inactive at baseline and active at follow-up(inactive-active),3)active at baseline and inactive at follow-up(active-inactive),and 4)active at both time points(active-active).Associations between sports activity engagement and health outcomes were estimated by logistic regression models with different stages of ***:Not engaging in any regular sports activity at both time points(inactive-inactive)was associated with higher rates of type 2 diabetes(odds ratio(OR)=1.82,95%confidence interval(95%CI):1.08-3.08),CHD(OR=1.82,95%CI:1.16-2.84),hypertension(OR=1.36,95%CI:1.03-1.81),metabolic syndrome(OR=1.58,95%CI:1.08-2.32),and poor self-perceived health(OR=2.54,95%CI:1.83-3.53)compared to doing regular sports for a minimum of 1-2 h per week over time(active-active).In case of change from inactivity to any regular sports activity(inactive-active),the rate of risk factor occurrence was not statistically different from the active-active reference group except for poor self-perceived health,but it wa

关键词： Cohort Epidemiology Non-communicable disease Physical activity Public health

Inferring the genome-wide history of grasses

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Molecular Plant 2022年第4期15卷 591-592页

作者： Matheus E.Bianconi Pascal-Antoine christin Luke T.Dunning Ecology and Evolutionary Biology School of BiosciencesUniversity of SheffieldWestern BankSheffield S102TNUK Department of Biology University of FribourgChemin du Musée 101700 FribourgSwitzerland

Establishing the relationships among organisms is fundamental to numerous fields in biology,including systematics,evolutionary biology,and *** relationships are represented via phylogenetic trees,which depict the history of genes and capture both speciation and gene duplication *** multiple genes are analyzed simultaneously,the history of the genomes and the species that bear them can be reconstructed,as well as episodes of genetic exchanges among *** genomics revolution and analytical advancements have led to large-scale genome-wide phy-logenies resolving the history of an increasing number of taxonomic groups and revealing in some cases complex histories of ***,large groups of plants remain to be analyzed in depth.

关键词： simultaneous revealing evolutionary

The Effect of Influencer Marketing on Norwegian Women Aged 40-60 Years *** Study of Days Like This

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The Effect of Influencer Marketing on Norwegian Women Aged 4...

作者： Emely christin Hovde Olson 上海交通大学

学位级别：硕士

With the constant development of technology and software,and the increasing number of people that has a profile on social media,the marketing activities of brands also has to *** communications between brands and its customers used to be more ***,the communication is happening through social media and it is less *** type of such social media marketing is influencer *** influencer is a person that is receiving trust and has a certain amount of *** influencers has a different type of communication with their *** followers feel like they are talking with a peer,which means she/he trusts the opinion of the *** Norwegian clothing brand Days Like This is a brand that targets women between 40 and 60 years *** strategy for the next couple of years is to increase the brand awareness and by this way inspire more *** on this target group and their strategy for the future,it is interesting for them and other similar brands to know if influencer marketing has an effect on this target *** purpose of this thesis is to provide a contribution to answer the question regarding influencer marketing and whether it has an effect on Norwegian women between 40 and 60 years ***,it will determine if influencer marketing can be used by Days Like This and similar brands to increase the numbers of followers they have on social *** Technology Acceptance model has been used as the model in this *** model has been adapted and four variables has been *** variables are cognitive age,fashion innovativeness,risk consciousness and consumer innovativeness（cognitive and sensory innovativeness）.This thesis is a quantitative,deductive *** will firstly discuss previous research,followed by theoretical background and a presentation of the ***,the methodology is presented.A survey has been developed in order to gain *** survey consist of 9 sections related t

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Preparation and characterization of multimodal hybrid organic and inorganic nanocrystals of camptothecin and gold

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2019年第1期9卷 128-134页

作者： christin P. Hollis Alan K. Dozier Barbara L. Knutson Tonglei Li Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Kentucky Electron Microscopy Center University of Kentucky Department of Chemical Engineering and Material Sciences University of Kentucky Department Industrial & Physical Pharmacy College of Pharmacy Purdue University

We demonstrate a novel inorganic-organic crystalline nanoconstruct, where gold atoms were imbedded in the crystal lattices as defects of camptothecin nanocrystals, suggesting its potential use as simultaneous agents for cancer therapy and bioimaging. The incorporation of gold, a potential computed tomography(CT) contrast agent, in the nanocrystals of camptothecin was detected by transmission electron microscope(TEM) and further quantified by energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry(EDS) and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometers(ICP-OES). Due to gold's high attenuation coefficient, only a relatively small amount needs to be present in order to create a good noise-to-contrast ratio in CT imaging. The imbedded gold atoms and clusters are expected to share the same biological fate as the camptothecin nanocrystals, reaching and accumulating in tumor site due to the enhanced permeation and retention(EPR) effect.

关键词： Hybrid inorganic-organic Drug delivery Camptothecin Gold nanoparticles Computed tomography(CT) contrast agent Cancer therapy and diagnosis

Adolescents' personal beliefs about sufficient physical activity are more closely related to sleep and psychological functioning than self-reported physical activity: A prospective study

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2019年第3期8卷 280-288页

作者： christin Lang Serge Brand Flora Colledge Sebastian Ludyga Uwe Pühse Markus Gerber School of Psychology Flinders University Department of Sport Exercise and Health University of Basel Psychiatric Clinics (UPK) Center for Affective Stress and Sleep Disorders (ZASS) University of Basel

Background: Preliminary evidence among adults suggests that the ways in which individuals think about their physical activity(PA) behavior is more closely associated with their well-being than self-reported PA. This study therefore aimed to examine whether and how self-reported PA and personal beliefs about suffbcient PA are associated with sleep and psychological functioning in a sample of Swiss adolescents, using both cross-sectional and prospective ***: An overall sample of 864 vocational students(368 girls, 17.98± 1.36 years, mean ± SD) was followed prospectively over a 10-month period. At each measurement occasion, participants filled in a series of self-report questiocnaires to assess their PA levels, their personal beliefs about whether or not they engage in sufficient PA, sleep(insomnia symptoms, sleep quality, sleep-onset latency, and number of awakenings),and psychological functioning(depressive symptoms, quality of life, perceived stress, and mental toughness).Results: Adolescents who believe that they are sufficiently physically active to maintain good health reported more restoring sleep. No differen?ces in sleep were found between adolescents who meet PA recommendationsvs. those who do not. Additionally, adolescents who believe that they were sufficiently physically active also reported better psychological functioning. This close relationship between adolescents5 beliefs about their PA involvement and their sleep and psychological functioning was corroborated in the prospective ***: Cognitive factors should be studied more intensively when elucidating the relationship among PA, sleep, and psychological functioning in young people, particularly when aiming to develop new exercise interventions targeting psychological outcomes.

关键词： Adolescents Beliefs Mental health Physical activity Psychological well-being Public health recommendations Sleep

Root canal morphology and configuration of 123 maxillary second molars by means of micro-CT

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International Journal of Oral Science 2017年第1期9卷 33-37页

作者： Thomas Gerhard Wolf Frank Paqué Anja-christin Woop Brita Willershausen Benjamín Briseno-Marroquín Department of Operative Dentistry Johannes Gutenberg University Medical CenterMainzGermany Division of Endodontology Department of Preventive DentistryPeriodontology and CariologyUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland

The aim of this study was to investigate the root canal configuration, accessory canals and number of main foramina of 123 maxillary second molars by means of micro-computed tomography. The teeth were scanned and reproduced with 3D software imaging. The root canal configuration and number of main foramina were evaluated by means of a four-digit system. The morphological complexity of human maxillary second molars is depicted by the number of accessory and connecting canals. The most frequently observed root canal configurations in the mesiobuccal root were 2-2-2/2 （19.5%）, 2-2-1/1 （14.6%） and 2-1-1/1 （13.0%）. A 1-1-1/1 configuration was observed in 93.5% and in 96.7% in the distobuccal and palatal roots, respectively. The MB1 mot canal had one accessory canal （18.7%）, and 8.9% of the MB2 root canal had one or two accessory canals. The distobuccal （11.3%） and palatal （14.6%） root canals had at least one accessory canal, and connecting canals were observed in 16.3% of mesiobuccal roots. The MB1, MB2, distobuccal and palatal root canals had one main foramen in 99.2%, 43.1%, 98.4% and 99.2% of samples, respectively. In the mesiobuccal root, one accessory foramen was detected in 14.6%, two were detected in 7.3%, and three were detected in 5.7%. The distobuccal root showed one or two accessory foramina in 9.1% of samples. The root canal configuration of maxillary second molars is quite heterogeneous; the mesiobuccal root has predominantly two root canal entrances （58.4%, 1 in 41.1%） with one main foramen （54.4%）. Two main foramina were observed in 43.0%. Morphological variations, connecting and accessory canals were observed in all apical thirds.

关键词： accessory and connecting canals apical foramina maxillary second molar micro-CT morphology root canal configuration

Dysregulated expression and distribution of Kif5αin neurites of wobbler motor neurons

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第1期18卷 150-154页

作者： Kilian Kürten Anne-christin Gude Aimo Samuel Christian Epplen Jan Stein Carsten Theiss Veronika Matschke Department of Cytology Institute of AnatomyMedical FacultyRuhr University BochumBochumGermany

Impaired axonal transport has been observed in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)and in animal models,suggesting that transport proteins likely play a critical role in the pathological mechanism of *** of Kinesin-family-member 5α(Kif5α),a neuron-specific isoform of heavy chain kinesin family,has been described in several neurological disorders,in humans and animal models,including *** this study,we determined Kif5αexpression by gene sequencing,quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction,and western blot assay in the cervical spinal cord of wobbler mice and immunofluorescence staining in dissociated cultures of the ventral ***,we observed the distribution of Kif5αand mitochondria along motor neuronal branches by confocal *** results showed that Kif5αexpression was greatly dysregulated in wobbler mice,which resulted in altered distribution of Kif5αalong motor neuronal branches with an abnormal mitochondrial ***,our results indicate that dysregulation of Kif5 and therefore abnormal transport in motor neuronal branches in this ALS model could be causative for several pathological findings at the cellular level,like misallocation of cytoskeletal proteins or organelles like mitochondria.

关键词： amyotrophic lateral sclerosis cell culture kinesin mitochondria neurodegeneration spinal cord transport

Anticaries and antimicrobial activities of methanolic extract from leaves of Cleistocalyx operculatus L.

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017年第1期7卷 43-48页

作者： Phuong Thi Mai Nguyen Nadin Schultze christin Boger Zeyad Alresley Albert Bolhuis Ulrike Lindequist Department of Plant Biochemistry Institute of BiotechnologyVietnam Academy of Science and Technology Institute of Pharmacy University of Greifswald Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology University of Bath

Objective: To investigate antimicrobial activities of methanolic extract of leaves of Cleistocalyx operculatus L.(C. operculatus) grown in ***: The methanolic extract of C. operculatus leaves was phytochemically screened and tested for its antimicrobial activity against six Gram-positive bacteria(three of which were antibiotic multiresistant Staphylococcus spp.), two Gram-negative bacteria,and one fungal species using an agar diffusion method. Anticaries activity was tested using p H drop and biofilm assays formed in 96-well plastic ***: Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids and terpenes, in which flavonoid content was 6.8 mg/g dry material. Antibacterial activity of the C. operculatus extract was shown only against Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Streptococcus mutans GS-5(S. mutans), and three multiresistant bacteria being Staphylococcus epidermidis 847, Staphylococcus haemolyticus 535 and Staphylococcus aureus North German epidemic strain. Interestingly, methanolic extract of C. operculatus leaves exhibited the anticaries activity against S. mutans in terms of inhibition of acid production and biofilm formation. Activity of two key enzymes responsible for acidogenicity of S. mutans, F-ATPase and phosphotransferase system were inhibited by the extract with IC_(50) of 51.0 and 98.0 m g/m L, respectively. Cytotoxicity of the extract against keratinocytes was found only for higher concentrations [IC_(50)=(119.98 ± 4.63) m g/m L].Conclusions: The methanolic extract of C. operculatus leaves has the potential for development of antimicrobial preparations, especially anticaries products.

关键词： Cleistocalyx operculatus Antibacterial activity Anticaries Cytotoxicity