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Satellite Remote Sensing of Savannas:Current Status and Emerging Opportunities

Journal of Remote Sensing 2022年第1期2022卷 162-181页

作者： Abdulhakim M.Abdi Martin Brandt christin abel Rasmus Fensholt Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management University of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark Centre for Environmental and Climate Science Lund UniversityLundSweden

Savannas cover a wide climatic gradient across large portions of the Earth’s land surface and are an important component of the terrestrial *** have been undergoing changes that alter the composition and structure of their vegetation such as the encroachment of woody vegetation and increasing land-use *** the spatial and temporal dynamics of savanna ecosystem structure(e.g.,partitioning woody and herbaceous vegetation)and function(e.g.,aboveground biomass)is of high *** challenges include misclassification of savannas as forests at the mesic end of their range,disentangling the contribution of woody and herbaceous vegetation to aboveground biomass,and quantifying and mapping fuel ***,we review current(2010–present)research in the application of satellite remote sensing in savannas at regional and global *** identify emerging opportunities in satellite remote sensing that can help overcome existing *** provide recommendations on how these opportunities can be leveraged,specifically(1)the development of a conceptual framework that leads to a consistent definition of savannas in remote sensing;(2)improving mapping of savannas to include ecologically relevant information such as soil properties and fire activity;(3)exploiting high-resolution imagery provided by nanosatellites to better understand the role of landscape structure in ecosystem functioning;and(4)using novel approaches from artificial intelligence and machine learning in combination with multisource satellite observations,e.g.,multi-/hyperspectral,synthetic aperture radar(SAR),and light detection and ranging(lidar),and data on plant traits to infer potentially new relationships between biotic and abiotic components of savannas that can be either proven or disproven with targeted field experiments.

关键词： structure Remote lidar

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Ray tracing particle image velocimetry-Challenges in the application to a packed bed

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Particuology 2024年第1期84卷 194-208页

作者： christin Velten Mirko Ebert Christian Lessig Katharina Zahringer Lehrstuhl für Strömungsmechanik und Strömungstechnik Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg39106MagdeburgGermany Institut für Simulation und Graphik Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg39106MagdeburgGermany

Ray tracing Particle Image Velocimetry(RT-PIV)is an optical technique for high resolution velocity measurements in challenging optical systems,such as transparent packed beds,that uses ray tracing to correct for distortions introduced by transparent geometries in the light *** ray tracing based correction is a post processing step applied to the raw PIV particle images before classical PIV *** this study,RT-PIV is performed in the top layer of a body centred cubic(bcc)sphere packing with gaseous flow,where optical access is obtained by the use of transparent N-BK7 glass balls with a diameter of d=40 ***-PIV introduces new experimental and numerical challenges,for example a limited field of view,illumination difficulties,a very large required depth of field and high sensitivity to geometric parameters used in the ray tracing *** challenges and their implications are the main scope and discussed in the present ***,the validation of the ray tracing reconstruction step is presented and examples for the obtained corrected vector fields in a packed bed are *** results show the strength of the method in reconstructing velocity fields behind transparent spheres that would not have been accessible by optical measurement techniques without the ray tracing correction.

关键词： Ray tracing particle image velocimetry(RT-PIV) Transparent spherical particles Packed bed Distortion correction Gas flow

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Arabidopsis Coordinates the Diurnal Regulation of Carbon Allocation and Growth across a Wide Range of Photoperiods

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Molecular Plant 2014年第1期7卷 137-155页

作者： Ronan Sulpice Anna Flis Alexander A. Ivakov Federico Apelt Nicole Krohn Beatrice Encke christin abel Regina Feil John E. Lunn Mark Stitt Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology Am Muehlenberg 1 14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany National University of Galway Plant Systems Biology Lab Plant and AgriBiosciences Research Centre Botany and Plant Science Galway Ireland

In short photoperiods, plants accumulate starch more rapidly in the light and degrade it more slowly at night, ensuring that their starch reserves last until dawn. To investigate the accompanying changes in the timing of growth, Arabidopsis was grown in a range of photoperiods and analyzed for rosette biomass, photosynthesis, respiration, ribosome abundance, polysome loading, starch, and over 40 metabolites at dawn and dusk. The data set was used to model growth rates in the daytime and night, and to identify metabolites that correlate with growth. Modeled growth rates and polysome loading were high in the daytime and at night in long photoperiods, but decreased at night in short photoperiods. Ribosome abundance was similar in all photoperiods. It is discussed how the amount of starch accumulated in the light period, the length of the night, and maintenance costs interact to constrain growth at night in short photoperiods, and alter the strategy for optimizing ribosome use. Significant correlations were found in the day- time and the night between growth rates and the levels of the sugar-signal trehalose 6-phosphate and the amino acid biosynthesis intermediate shikimate, identifying these metabolites as hubs in a network that coordinates growth with diurnal changes in the carbon supply.

关键词： Arabidopsis diurnal growth photoperiod ribosomes trehalose-6-phosphate starch

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Comparing two IBM implementations for the simulation of uniform packed beds

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Particuology 2024年第3期86卷 1-12页

作者： Christian Gorges Maximilian Brommer christin Velten Siegmar Wirtz Enric Illana Mahiques Viktor Scherer Katharina Zahringer Berend van Wachem Mechanical Process Engineering Otto-von-Guericke-Universitat MagdeburgUniversitatsplatz 239106MagdeburgGermany Department of Energy Plant Technology Ruhr-Universitat BochumUniversitatsstraBe 15044780BochumGermany Laboratory of Fluid Dynamics and Technical Flows Otto-von-Guericke-Universitat MagdeburgUniversitatsplatz 239106MagdeburgGermany

Nowadays,the design of fixed packed bed reactors still relies on empirical correlations,which,especially for small tube to particle diameter ratios,are mostly too inaccurate because of the presence of wall ***,the simulation of fixed packed bed reactors plays an important role to predict and control the flow and process parameters in such,nowadays and in the *** of its straightforward applicability to non-uniform packings with particles of arbitrary shapes,the immersed boundary method(IBM)has advantages over other numerical methods and is used more and more *** paper compares two approaches of IBMs for the simulation of fixed bed reactors with spherical shaped *** classic,smooth approach is compared to the straightforward to implement blocked-off method for velocity fields above the fixed bed for particle Reynolds numbers of 300 and *** from experimental inline PIV-measurements of the reactor to be simulated serve as a basis for *** good agreement with the experiment is found for both simulation methodologies with higher resolutions,considering the more stable flow at a particle Reynolds number of *** in the different IBM approaches occurred for the more unsteady flow at a particle Reynolds number of *** to the blocked-off method,the smooth IBM reflects the formation of additional jets and recirculation zones better right above the bed,though increasing the fluid mesh resolution improves the accuracy of the blocked-off ***,a more diffusive behaviour is found for the blocked-off simulations due to the stairstep representation,which is avoided by using interpolation stencils as in the smooth *** higher mesh refinement in the blocked-off IBM this effect can be reduced,but this also increases the computational effort.

关键词： Immersed boundary method Packed bed reactor Uniform particle packing

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从模型到应用:基于生态系统服务权衡的乡村生态修复规划工具研究

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园林 2024年第3期41卷 4-12页

作者：董楠楠王怡琪 Harald Zepp Lars Gruenhagen Malte Bührs christin Busch 魏维轩同济大学建筑与城市规划学院上海200092 波鸿鲁尔大学地理学系波鸿44801 ILS-国家和城市发展研究所有限公司多特蒙德D-44135

在全球范围内的气候变化背景下,具有多种功能和服务价值的乡村生态空间成为当下国际生态规划研究与合作的关注热点之一。为实现乡村生态空间的精准管理与规划,中德双方围绕联合课题“生态系统服务概念在德国鲁尔与中国大都市区韧性发展... 详细信息

在全球范围内的气候变化背景下,具有多种功能和服务价值的乡村生态空间成为当下国际生态规划研究与合作的关注热点之一。为实现乡村生态空间的精准管理与规划,中德双方围绕联合课题“生态系统服务概念在德国鲁尔与中国大都市区韧性发展模式下的绿色基础设施规划应用”进行了深入探索。在土地利用与土地覆盖类型的基础上,进一步识别了生物群落类型,并基于调节、供给、文化三大生态系统服务类型,选取了评估生态系统服务供需权衡的指标和对应权重,构建了乡村生态空间规划场景下的生态系统服务价值评测模型。以上海市水库村为例,运用该课题的评测模型,初步评估了典型乡村生态规划场景下的生态系统服务价值。最后,从应用尺度、研究范围以及操作流程三个方面总结了该评测模型的优化方向。

关键词：乡村生态修复生态系统服务供需权衡决策辅助工具

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Thermal desorption of mercury from lignite in a high-temperature furnace and in power plant mills

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2022年第5期9卷 150-159页

作者： Anne-christin Kropp Kathrin Gebauer Michael Beckmann Institute of Process Engineering and Environmental Technology Faculty of Mechanical Science and EngineeringTU Dresden01062 DresdenGermany

In this article,the binding forms of two lignite samples are determined by thermal desorption using a high-temperature *** mercury compound,such as HgCl2,has a specifc binding strength whose decomposition requires a certain thermal ***,the release of mercury from pure substances and lignite samples was analyzed in a high-temperature *** released mercury is determined with a Mercury Vapor *** obtained characteristic temperature range and peak of the mercury release were compared between lignite samples and mercury pure *** the lignite samples investigated,the binding form of mercury was then identifed as Humic *** organic compounds vaporize at lower *** half of the mercury bound in the lignite was already released at 350℃.Furthermore,the question arises whether mercury is already released during the grinding-drying process in the coal mill of a power *** two power plants,lignite samples were taken simultaneously at the feeder before entering the coal mill and at the dust line *** samples were analyzed for mercury *** results show that up to one third of the mercury was already released in the coal *** vaporized mercury enters the combustion chamber detached from the *** stated analysis methods and the results presented in this article contribute to the understanding of the mercury binding forms in *** also shows the potential of thermal coal pretreatment as a favorable alternative mercury separation technology to others such as activated carbon dosing.

关键词： Mercury binding forms Thermal desorption Mercury release Coal mill Coal pretreatment

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Inferring the genome-wide history of grasses

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Molecular Plant 2022年第4期15卷 591-592页

作者： Matheus E.Bianconi Pascal-Antoine christin Luke T.Dunning Ecology and Evolutionary Biology School of BiosciencesUniversity of SheffieldWestern BankSheffield S102TNUK Department of Biology University of FribourgChemin du Musée 101700 FribourgSwitzerland

Establishing the relationships among organisms is fundamental to numerous fields in biology,including systematics,evolutionary biology,and *** relationships are represented via phylogenetic trees,which depict the history of genes and capture both speciation and gene duplication *** multiple genes are analyzed simultaneously,the history of the genomes and the species that bear them can be reconstructed,as well as episodes of genetic exchanges among *** genomics revolution and analytical advancements have led to large-scale genome-wide phy-logenies resolving the history of an increasing number of taxonomic groups and revealing in some cases complex histories of ***,large groups of plants remain to be analyzed in depth.

关键词： simultaneous revealing evolutionary

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Dysregulated expression and distribution of Kif5αin neurites of wobbler motor neurons

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第1期18卷 150-154页

作者： Kilian Kürten Anne-christin Gude Aimo Samuel Christian Epplen Jan Stein Carsten Theiss Veronika Matschke Department of Cytology Institute of AnatomyMedical FacultyRuhr University BochumBochumGermany

Impaired axonal transport has been observed in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)and in animal models,suggesting that transport proteins likely play a critical role in the pathological mechanism of *** of Kinesin-family-member 5α(Kif5α),a neuron-specific isoform of heavy chain kinesin family,has been described in several neurological disorders,in humans and animal models,including *** this study,we determined Kif5αexpression by gene sequencing,quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction,and western blot assay in the cervical spinal cord of wobbler mice and immunofluorescence staining in dissociated cultures of the ventral ***,we observed the distribution of Kif5αand mitochondria along motor neuronal branches by confocal *** results showed that Kif5αexpression was greatly dysregulated in wobbler mice,which resulted in altered distribution of Kif5αalong motor neuronal branches with an abnormal mitochondrial ***,our results indicate that dysregulation of Kif5 and therefore abnormal transport in motor neuronal branches in this ALS model could be causative for several pathological findings at the cellular level,like misallocation of cytoskeletal proteins or organelles like mitochondria.

关键词： amyotrophic lateral sclerosis cell culture kinesin mitochondria neurodegeneration spinal cord transport

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Sumixam maximus *** ***.,a New Pennsylvanian Species of Archaeorthoptera(Neoptera;Indiana,USA)

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2011年第3期85卷 515-520页

作者： Olivier BTHOUX christin GROSSMANN Freiberg University of Mining and Technology Institute of GeologyDepartment of PalaeontologyD09596 FreibergGermany Senckenberg Natural History Collections of Dresden Museum of ZoologyD-01109 DresdenGermany Senckenberg Natural History Collections of Dresden Museum of Zoology D-01109 DresdenGermany

A new Mazon-Creek-type fossil specimen is described as Sumixam maximus *** ***., assigned to the taxon Archaeorthoptera Bethoux and Nel,2002(composed of Orthoptera and some fossil relatives):it exhibits one of the diagnostic character states of this taxon,which is the fusion of CuA(emerging from M+CuA)with CuP,or a branch of it.A more precise taxonomic assignment is out of *** new taxon exhibits a fusion of the anterior branch of MA with RP,and a point of divergence of MA and MP located near the point of divergence of CuA(from M + CuA),but lack a branching of *** unique combination of character states is probably derived with respect to a number of contemporaneous *** maximus *** *** most likely the closest known relative of the panorthopterans,which include all the recent Archaeorthoptera.

关键词： Insecta Upper Carboniferous Mazon Creek

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纪录片字幕汉译德翻译实践报告 ——以《人间世》抗疫特别节目为例

纪录片字幕汉译德翻译实践报告 ——以《人间世》抗疫特别节目为例

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作者： Otte,Ann-christin 北京外国语大学

学位级别：硕士

各种国际媒体在德国日益受到欢迎,因此字幕成为翻译的一个日益重要的领域。然而,中文媒体的字幕翻译仍然是一个相对未被深入研究的领域。纪录片在德国观众中也很受欢迎,但同样也只有少数作品涉及其翻译。本文通过研究一部中国纪录片系... 详细信息

各种国际媒体在德国日益受到欢迎,因此字幕成为翻译的一个日益重要的领域。然而,中文媒体的字幕翻译仍然是一个相对未被深入研究的领域。纪录片在德国观众中也很受欢迎,但同样也只有少数作品涉及其翻译。本文通过研究一部中国纪录片系列的字幕来为这两个领域的研究做出一点补充。以纪录片系列《人间世·抗疫特别节目》为例,运用了科勒的等值理论,该理论已经适应到字幕翻译中。重点关注了文本规范和形式美学等价的翻译问题,特别侧重于删节策略。分析结果表明,科勒的等值理论在字幕翻译领域具有出色的适用性,得益于其灵活性。文本规范等值的运用有助于确保字幕听起来更加自然,而形式美学等值则处理了本文中所提到的删减策略,以满足时空限制。然而,字幕翻译者必须保持灵活性,需根据每个场景灵活调整翻译方法。

关键词：字幕翻译纪录片科勒的等值理论

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