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“The Sounds an Atomic Bomb Makes:John Hersey’s Hiroshima and the Birth of ’Asian’ Modernity”

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Comparative Literature:East & West 2010年第2期 9-20页

作者： christie Stuart Hong Kong Baptist University

广岛原子弹的爆炸不仅标志着日本帝国及其亚洲叙事甚至整个时代——以民族国家为特征的"现代"的终结,而且预示了一个全新的以美国为主导的全球化时代的开始。这一历史转折及其由之产生的新的亚洲—太平洋现代性威胁激起了美国主流文化... 详细信息

广岛原子弹的爆炸不仅标志着日本帝国及其亚洲叙事甚至整个时代——以民族国家为特征的"现代"的终结,而且预示了一个全新的以美国为主导的全球化时代的开始。这一历史转折及其由之产生的新的亚洲—太平洋现代性威胁激起了美国主流文化对全球化过程中美国化的焦虑。这一焦虑渗透到了晚期现代主义的表征危机之中,即对殖民地本土素材与文化题材的借用和挪用。约翰·赫西的作品《广岛》便是现代晚期对"亚洲"之文学表征的开创性范例。本文将其置于这一历史语境之中,并从文化建构的视角考察其意识形态倾向——美国霸权话语、表征手法——现代主义的"客观记录"、表现对象——后现代事件与作者意愿——自由—人文主义同情之间的复杂关系。据此,本文作者认为:如同赫西的文本一样,"亚洲"是无与伦比的现代主义建构物,再现了美国关于亚洲未来的意识形态。

关键词：晚期现代主义意识形态亚洲广岛后现代美国化表征危机民族国家全球化时代美国主流文化

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The Writer's Life

考试(双语读写) 2012年第2期 31-34页

作者： Alix christie

A survey of Britain’s youth found that many aspire to become *** clearly don’t know how hard it is,writes Alix christie…Britain’s most respected writers have at least one trait in common:all had childhoods steeped... 详细信息

关键词： The Writer’s Life

In Vivo Phosphorylation Site Mapping and Functional Characterization of Arabidopsis Phototropin 1

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Molecular Plant 2008年第1期1卷 178-194页

作者： Stuart Sullivan Catriona E. Thomson Douglas J. Lamont Matthew A. Jones John M. christie Plant Science Group Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences University of Glasgow. University Avenue. Glasgow Scotland UK FingerPrints Proteomics Facility Post-Genomics and Molecular Interactions Centre. School of Life Sciences MSI/WTB/CIR Complex University of Dundee. Dundee Scotland UK

Phototropins （phot1 and phot2） are blue-light receptor kinases controlling a range of responses that optimize the photosynthetic efficiency of plants. Light sensing is mediated by two flavin-binding motifs, known as LOVl and LOV2, located within the N-terminal region of the protein. Photoexcitation via LOV2 leads to activation of the C-terminal kinase domain and consequently receptor autophosphorylation. However, knowledge of the in-vivo phosphorylation sites for Arabidopsis phototropins is lacking and has impeded progress in elucidating the functional significance of receptor phos- phorylation. We have purified photl from Arabidopsis and identified the in-vivo sites of receptor phosphorylation by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Arabidopsis-derived photl binds flavin mononucleotide as chromophore and is phosphorylated at four major sites located upstream of LOV2 （Ser^58, Ser^85, Ser^350, and Ser^410）, three of which are induced by blue light. Nevertheless, structure-function analysis indicates that the biological activity of photl can be attributed to a modular unit comprising the LOV2-kinase region of the protein. Thus, peptide regions upstream of LOV2, including the sites of receptor phosphorylation identified here, do not appear to be important for receptor signaling. By contrast, these regions may be necessary for maximizing stomatal performance and possibly light-induced relocalization of photl.

关键词： MODULAR UNIT Phototropins chromophores Phosphorylation Site Function analysis Upstream photosynthetic efficiency Arabidopsis PHOSPHONATION Receptor Signaling Flavin Mononucleotide Receptor

Effect of Silicon on Growth, Physiology, and Cadmium Translocation of Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) in Cadmium-Contaminated Soil

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Pedosphere 2018年第4期28卷 680-689页

作者： LU Yingang MA Jun TENG Ying HE Juny Peter christie ZHU Lingjia REN Wenjie ZHANG Manyun Shiping DENG College of Agriculture Guizhou University Guiyang 550025 China College of Materials and Chemistry Tongren University Tongren 554300 China Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China Department of Plant and Soil Sciences Oklahoma State University Stillwater OK 74078 (USA)

Silicon （Si） offers beneficial effect on plants under cadmium （Cd） stress such as promoting plant growth and increasing resistance to heavy metal toxicity. In this study, a pot experiment was performed to study the role of Si in alleviating Cd toxicity in tobacco （Nicotiana tabacurn L.） plants on a yellow soil taken from Guiyang, China. Nine treatments consisting of three concentrations of Cd （0, 1, and 5 mg kg^-1） together with three Si levels （0, 1, and 4 g kg^-1） were established. Plant growth parameters, Cd concentration, and the malondialdehyde （MDA）, chlorophyll, and carotenoid contents were determined 100 d after transplanting of tobacco seedlings. Application of exogenous Si enhanced the growth of tobacco plants under Cd stress. When 5 mg kg^-1 Cd was added, Si addition at 1 and 4 g kg^-1 increased root, stem, and leaf biomass by 26.1%-43.3%, 33.7% 43.8%, and 50.8% 69.9%, respectively, compared to $i addition at 0 g kg^-1. With Si application, the transfer factor of Cd in tobacco from root to shoot under both 1 and 5 mg kg^-1 Cd treatments decreased by 21%. The MDA contents in the Si-treated tobacco plants declined by 5.5% 17.1% compared to those in the non-Si-treated plants, indicating a higher Cd tolerance. Silicon application also increased the chlorophyll and carotenoid contents by 33.9% 41% and 25.8%-47.3% compared to the Cd only treatments. Therefore, it could be concluded that Si application can alleviate Cd toxicity to tobacco by decreasing Cd partitioning in the shoots and MDA levels and by increasing chlorophyll and carotenoid contents, thereby contributing to lowering the potential health risks of Cd contamination.

关键词： cadmium stress cadmium tolerance cadmium toxicity chlorophyll heavy metal plant growth parameter potential health risk transfer factor

Enhanced cortical bone expansion in Lgals3-deficient mice during aging

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Bone Research 2018年第1期6卷 95-106页

作者： Kevin A.Maupin Kevin Weaver Alexis Bergsma Cheryl christie Zhendong A.Zhong Tao Yang Bart O.Williams Center for Cancer and Cell Biology Program for Skeletal Disease and Tumor Microenvironment Van Andel Research Institute

Imbalances between bone formation and bone resorption, which can occur due to aging or sex hormone deprivation, result in decreased bone mass and an increased risk of fracture. Previous studies have suggested that the β-galactoside binding lectin,galectin-3, is involved in bone remodeling. We compared bone parameters of mice having null alleles of the galectin-3 gene(Lgals3-KO) with those of their wild-type littermates. Lgals3 deficiency increased cortical bone expansion at 36 weeks(wk) and preserved or enhanced bone mass in both male and female mutant mice. In addition, female Lgals3-KO mice were protected from age-related loss of trabecular bone. Histomorphometry and ex vivo primary cell differentiation assays showed increased osteoblastogenesis with little-to-no effect on osteoclastogenesis, suggesting the increased bone mass phenotype is primarily due to increased anabolism. Our study identifies galectin-3 as a negative regulator of bone formation and suggests that disruption of galectin-3 may be useful in preventing bone loss during aging.

关键词： Lgals3-KO their wild-type Histomorphometry

Uptake of Organic Phosphorus by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Red Clover

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Pedosphere 2002年第2期12卷 103-110页

作者： SONGYONGCHUN P.christie DepartmentofPlantNutrition CollegeofAgriculturalResourcesandEnvironmentalSciencesChinaAgriculturalUniversityBeijing100094（China） DepartmentofAgriculturalandEnvironmentalScience The

The capacities of two arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, Glomusmosseae and Glomus versiforme, to mineralize added organic P werestudied in a sterilized clacareous soil. Mycorrhizal (inoculated witheither of the AM fungi) and non-mycorrhizal red clover (Trifoliumpratense L.) plants were grown for eight weeks in pots with upperroot, central hyphal and lower soil compartments. The hyphal and soilcompartments received either organic P (as Na-phytte) or inorganic P(as KH_2PO_4) at the rate of 50 mg P kg^-1. No P was added to theroot compartments.

关键词： arbuscular mcorrhiza organic P P uptake red clover

Is Dosage Adjustment for Olanzapine Really Necessary?

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2023年第3期13卷 187-206页

作者： Kelvin N. christie School of Health Professions Long Island University New York USA

Schizophrenia is a prevalent and disabling disorder, commonly treated with medications such as clozapine and olanzapine. However, long-term side effects and limitations of these drugs, coupled with treatment resistance in a significant proportion of patients, necessitate alternative strategies. Furthermore, individuals with schizophrenia are at an increased risk of developing kidney and liver diseases, which may be influenced by cardiovascular comorbidities and shared genetic markers. Considering the use of olanzapine in patients with severe liver or kidney diseases requires careful evaluation. Although these organs play crucial roles in olanzapine excretion and metabolism, current pharmacological research suggests that dosage adjustment may not be necessary even in the presence of severe organ disease. Olanzapine acts on D2 and 5HT2A receptors, alleviating both positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia. However, the metabolism and clearance of olanzapine exhibit substantial inter-individual variability influenced by factors such as gender, age, ethnicity, smoking habits, and co-medication. Additionally, olanzapine may induce unwanted side effects, including prolactin release, metabolic dysregulation, and liver-related complications. The present study aims to investigate whether dosage adjustment of olanzapine is necessary for individuals with comorbid moderate liver and severe kidney disease. While the study remains ongoing, preliminary findings using a pharmacokinetic model predict that dosage adjustment may not be required in these patients. The expected olanzapine plasma concentration in individuals with both conditions is estimated to be 18.14ng/ml, which is considerably below the identified toxic dosage threshold of 100ng/ml. However, further investigations are warranted to validate the findings and establish definitive guidelines and personalize treatment strategies for individuals with both liver and kidney disease.

关键词： Schizophrenia Kidney Liver Olanzapine (OLZ)

Blocking Translation of Oncogenic mRNA

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2023年第6期14卷 233-256页

作者： Kelvin N. christie Long Island University Post Campus Brookville USA

Double-stranded RNA-mediated interference (RNAi), antisense oligonucleotides (ASO), and ribozymes have excellent specificity to their target oncogenic mRNA. They also seem to show great promise when it comes to treating cancer. The problem is that RNAi, ASO, and ribozymes have poor stability and are constantly being degraded by nucleases. Researchers have made some efforts to increase antisense oligonucleotides’ stability by creating phospharimidate and Phosphorothioate. Currently, ribozymes, antisense oligonucleotides, and (RNAi) are the three main methods used to target RNA. These methods are currently undergoing clinical trials for the purpose of focusing on specific RNAs involved in disorders like cancer and neurodegeneration. In fact, ASOs that target amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and spinal muscular atrophy have produced promising results in clinical trials. The formation of chemical alterations that boost affinity and selectivity while reducing noxiousness owing to off-target impacts are two benefits of ASOs. Another benefit is increased affinity. With a focus on RNAi and ASOs, this review illustrated the main therapeutic strategies of RNA therapy now in use.

关键词： Antisense Oligonucleotides Ribozymes Phosphorothioate Double-Stranded RNA-Mediated Interference Nucleases

Extractability of Cu in Alkaline Biosolids-Amended Soilsas Influenced by γ-Irradiation

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Pedosphere 2002年第2期12卷 139-144页

作者： LUOYONGMING P.christie InstituteofSoilScience theChineseAcademyofSciencesNanjing210008（China） DepartmentofAgriculturalandEnvironmentalScience TheQueen′sUniversityofBelfasNewforgeLaneBelfastBT95PX（UK

An incubation experiment was conducted to investigate themicrobial biomass associated Cu in four contrasting soils to which analkaline stabilised sewage sludge cake was applied. The organisms ofsludge- amended and control soils were killed using γ-irradiationtechnique, and the aqueous and acid-extractable Cu concentrationswere determined. Addition of the sludge product increasedsignificantly the concentration of both the aqueous and diluteHOAc-extractable Cu in all the irradiated soils compared to thenon-sterilised sludge/soil mixtures, but the increase was morepronounced in the dilute acid-extractable Cu, indicating that the Curendered extractable in water and dilute acetic acid by γ-irradiation existed in the both soil liquid and solid phases. Theadditional increase in extractable Cu following the biocidaltreatment is likely to be due to release of Cu from the same fractionof soil microbial biomass.

关键词： acetic acid extract aqueous extract γ-irradication soil biomasscopper