检索结果-南通市图书馆

Positive diversity effects on productivity in mixtures of arable weed species as related to density-size relationships

引用

Journal of Plant Ecology 2016年第6期9卷 792-804页

作者： christiane roscher Jens Schumacher UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research Department of Physiological DiversityPermoserstrasse 1504318 LeipzigGermany German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research(iDiv)Halle-Jena-Leipzig Deutscher Platz 5a04103 LeipzigGermany Institute of Mathematics University of JenaErnst-Abbe-Platz 207743 JenaGermany

Aims Diversity-productivity relationships among herbaceous species have mostly been studied in grasslands,while less is known about diversity effects among weedy species with a short life *** We studied diversity-productivity relationships,shoot density,size and allometry in experimental communities of different species richness(one,three,six,and nine species),functional group number(one to three functional groups:grasses,small herbs and tall herbs)and functional group evenness(even and uneven number of species per functional group)based on a pool of nine arable weed species with a short life cycle in a 2-year *** Findings Higher species richness increased above-and belowground biomass production in both years of the *** partitioning showed that positive selection effects increased with increasing species richness and functional group number,while positive complementarity effects were greater when tall herbs were *** yield totals were larger than 1 across all species richness levels but did not increase with species richness,which is consistent with constant positive complementarity *** biomass production and diversity effects increased in the second year of the experiment,when communities achieved greater shoot densities and average shoot *** the community level,varying productivity was mainly attributable to variation in mean shoot *** herbs reached greater observed/expected relative yields(=overyielding)due to increased shoot sizes,underyielding of small herbs was mainly attributable to decreased shoot sizes,while grasses partly compensated for reduced shoot sizes by increasing *** in community-level density-size relationships and changes in shoot allometry in favour of greater height growth indicated that a greater biomass at a given density was due to increased dimensions of occupied canopy *** conclude that diversity effects are also possible among short-lived a

关键词： allometry biodiversity complementarity effects density selection effects

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Intraspecific trait variation in three common grass species reveals fine-scale species adjustment to local environmental conditions

引用

Journal of Plant Ecology 2018年第6期11卷 887-898页

作者： Tina Buchmann Jens Schumacher christiane roscher UFZ Helmholtz Centre for Environmental ResearchTheodor-Lieser-Strasse 4Halle 06120Germany Institute of Mathematics StochasticsFriedrich Schiller University JenaErnst-Abbe-Platz 2Jena 07743Germany UFZ Helmholtz Centre for Environmental ResearchPhysiological DiversityPermoserstraße 15Leipzig 04318Germany German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research(iDiv)Halle-Jena-Leipzig Deutscher Platz 5eLeipzig 04103Germany

Aims Studies along environmental gradients have shown that intraspecific trait variation(ITV)may contribute considerably to community-level trait ***,we lack knowledge about how the extent of ITV varies on a local scale and whether a varying extent of ITV is related to differences in local environmental site and plant commu-nity *** We investigated plant height,specific leaf area(SLA),leaf dry mat-ter content(LDMC)and leaf greenness of three common grass spe-cies(Arrhenatherum elatius,Dactylis glomerata,Poa pratensis)in 12 mown grasslands in a local study area around Jena(Thuringia,Germany)across three spatially hierarchical sampling levels:between sites,between subplots within site and within *** Findings Arrhenatherum elatius and *** had higher means in plant height and a lower variation in leaf traits than *** major proportions of variation in leaf traits of *** and *** were found within subplots,while the traits of *** varied mainly between *** correlations across the hierarchical sam-pling levels were highly consistent in ***,but more variable in *** and *** site and plant commu-nity characteristics mostly explained a larger proportion of variation in trait means in *** than in *** and ***,while metrics of ITV were generally less *** results suggest that trait variation in *** and *** is more strongly related to within-site conditions(*** interactions),while differences in local environmental conditions between sites have a strong impact on trait variation in *** our study was limited to three grass species,further studies with a greater number of species are required to make generalizations about the importance of biotic interactions and environmental conditions as drivers of ITV at local scale.

关键词： grass species intraspecific trait variation leaf traits

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Trait variation in response to resource availability and plant diversity modulates functional dissimilarity among species in experimental grasslands

引用

Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第6期10卷 981-993页

作者： Alrun Siebenkäs Jens Schumacher christiane roscher UFZ Helmholtz Centre for Environmental ResearchCommunity EcologyTheodor-Lieser-Straße 4Halle 06120Germany Institute of Mathematics StochasticsFriedrich Schiller University JenaErnst-Abbe-Platz 2Jena 07743Germany UFZ Helmholtz Centre for Environmental ResearchPhysiological DiversityPermoserstrasse 15Leipzig 04318Germany German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research(iDiv)Halle-Jena-Leipzig Deutscher Platz 5eLeipzig 04103Germany

Aims Functional trait differences among species are thought to be a pre-requisite for niche *** traits are known to vary plastically in response to environmental conditions and different plant ***,it is not clear to which extent the direc-tion and magnitude of trait variation differ among species repre-senting different growth forms or varying dominance in different environments and how this trait variation affects community-level trait *** In a field experiment,we studied shoot and leaf traits of eight peren-nial grassland species assigned to two functional groups(grasses ***)and varying in growth stature(small ***)in monocultures,two-and four-species mixtures that were exposed to two levels of light(shaded *** light)and nutrient availability(fertilized ***-fertilized)to address this gap of *** Findings Fertilization increased leaf greenness and specific leaf area(SLA)as well as tissue nitrogen *** shading,changes in morphological and physiological light-acquisition traits as well as increased nitrogen and decreased carbon concentrations in plant tissue indicated larger efforts to acquire light and carbon limita-tion of plant *** changes in light-acquisition traits as observed under shading and decreasing shoot biomass also revealed an accelerated carbon limitation at higher species rich-ness(SR)irrespective of the external manipulation of light and nutrient ***,the direction of trait variation in response to resource availability(shade,fertilization)and SR did not differ between functional groups or growth *** magnitude of variation in several traits at different resource availability,however,was larger in grasses than in forbs as well as in small-statured than in tall-statured *** general,dominant species in terms of above-ground biomass production had taller shoots with higher carbon and lower nitrogen concentrations and alloc

关键词： biodiversity functional groups functional traits growth stature trait dissimilarity

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Plant diversity and community history shift colonization success from early- to mid-successional species

引用

Journal of Plant Ecology 2015年第3期8卷 231-241页

作者： christiane roscher Uta Gerighausen Bernhard Schmid Ernst-Detlef Schulze UFZ Helmholtz Centre for Environmental ResearchDepartment of Community EcologyTheodor-Lieser-Strasse 4D-06120 HalleGermany Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry PO Box 100164D-07701 JenaGermany Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies and Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center University of ZurichWinterthurerstrasse 1908057 ZurichSwitzerland

Aims Functional traits are supposed to play an important role in deter-mining the colonization success of new species into established ***-term experimental studies have documented higher resistance of more diverse grasslands against coloni-zation by new ***,little is known about which traits colonizers should have to successfully invade diverse plant communities in the longer term and how community his-tory may modify the resistance of diverse communities against *** In a grassland biodiversity experiment(Jena Experiment)established with different species richness(s;1,2,4,8 and 16)and functional group(Fg)number and composition(1 to 4;legumes,grasses,small herbs,tall herbs),we studied colonization of naturally dispersed species in split-plots(i)with different duration of weeding(never weeded,weeded for 3 or 6 years and then un-weeded for 1 year)and(ii)with different duration of colonization(7 years,4 years and 1 year after cessation of weeding).Important Findingsresistance against colonization by new species declined with increased duration of weeding(on average 13,17 and 22 col-onizer species in 1-,4-and 7-year-old communities,respec-tively).Communities established at low diversity accumulated more colonizer species with a longer duration of weeding than more diverse *** of colonization had only small effects on the number of colonizer *** with early successional traits,*** life cycle,reproduction by seeds,small seeds,long-lived seeds and an earlier start of a longer flowering period,were favoured in species-poor newly established experimental plant communities(short duration of weeding)and early after cessation of weeding(short duration of colonization).a change from early-to mid-successional traits,*** growth,perennial life cycle,vegetative reproduction,characterized colonization at increased plant diversity and in communities with legumes or without *** absence/gr

关键词： abundance-weighted community mean traits biodiversity colonization simple community mean traits species richness

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Diverse plant mixtures sustain a greater arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi spore viability than monocultures after 12 years

引用

Journal of Plant Ecology 2020年第4期13卷 478-488页

作者： Peter Dietrich christiane roscher Adam Thomas Clark Nico Eisenhauer Bernhard Schmid Cameron Wagg Institute of Ecology and Evolution Friedrich-Schiller-University JenaDornburger Strasse 15907743 JenaGermany Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies University of ZurichWinterthurerstrasse 1908057 ZurichSwitzerland Department of Physiological Diversity UFZHelmholtz Centre for Environmental ResearchPermoserstrasse 1504318 LeipzigGermany German Centre of Integrative Biodiversity Research(iDiv)Halle-Jena-Leipzig Deutscher Platz 5e04103 LeipzigGermany Institute of Biology Leipzig UniversityDeutscher Platz 5e04103 LeipzigGermany Department of Geography University of ZurichWinterthurerstrasse 1908057 ZurichSwitzerland Fredericton Research and Development Center Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada850 Lincoln RoadFrederictonNew Brunswick E3B 1P9Canada

Aims Intensive land management practices can compromise soil biodiversity,thus jeopardizing long-term soil *** mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)play a pivotal role in promoting soil productivity through obligate symbiotic associations with ***,it is not clear how properties of plant communities,especially species richness and composition influence the viability of AMF populations in *** Here we test whether monocultures of eight plant species from different plant functional groups,or a diverse mixture of plant species,maintain more viable AMF *** address this question,we extracted AMF spores from 12-year old plant monocultures and mixtures and paired single AMF spores with single plants in a factorial design crossing AMF spore origin with plant species *** Findings AMF spores from diverse plant mixtures were more successful at colonizing multiple plant species and plant individuals than AMF spores from plant ***,we found evidence that AMF spores originating from diverse mixtures more strongly increased biomass than AMF from monocultures in the legume Trifolium repens *** viability and ability to interact with many plant species were greater when AMF spores originated from 12-year old mixtures than *** results show for the first time that diverse plant communities can sustain AMF viability in soils and demonstrate the potential of diverse plant communities to maintain viable AMF propagules that are a key component to soil health and productivity.

关键词： aboveground–belowground interactions biodiversity biomass production mutualism plant–AMF interaction root colonization

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Management breaks the natural productivity-biodiversity relationship in forests and grassland： an opinion

引用

Forest Ecosystems 2018年第1期5卷 28-35页

作者： e.d.schulze o.bouriaud u.weber c.roscher d.hessenmoeller f.kroiher p.schall mpi biogeochemistry Box 10016407701 JenaGermany national forest inventory national research and development institute for forestry incdsErolor Bd 128VoluntariRomania and University stefan cel Mare of Suceava13 Universitatl Str.720229 SuceavaRomanla ufz hemholtz centre for environmental researchphysiological diversityDiversityPermoserstr 1504318 Lelpzig Germany forstamt schmalkalden thueringen forstSchlossberg 1198574 Schmalkalden Germany thünen-institut für waldokosysteme Adolf Moller Str 11 6225 EberswaldeGermany department silviculture and forest ecology of the temperate zones university of gottingenD 37077 GOttingenGermany

Background： Two approaches mark the difference between the ＂ecological＂ and ＂agricultural＂ view of the biodiversity/ growth relation. In ecology the trend is averaged by taking monocultures of all species as baseline to evaluate mixtures. This contrasts the ＂agricultural＂ view focusing on the most productive species or species combination as baseline to evaluate mixtures. The present study investigates the change of highest rates （maximum） productivities in grasslands and forests with increasing plant （or tree） diversity, and compares these with the average response. Methods： We base our analysis on existing published datasets relating the growth of plant stands （growth rate per land area） to the diversity on the same plot. We use a global dataset （Ellis et al. 2012 and MODIS-data, see Fig. 1）, the grassland experiment in lena （Buchmann et al. 2017）, the regional study on forests in Romania and Germany by Bouriaud et al. （2016）, and data from the German National Forest inventory （BWl 3, see Fig. 3）. In all cases the average response of growth to changes in biodiversity as well as the boundary line of the maximum values was calculated. Results： in both vegetation types a decreasing trend of maximum productivity with any added species emerges, contrasting the average trend that was positive in grassland, but absent in forests. The trend of maximum values was non-significant in grasslands probably due to the fact that not all combinations of species mixtures were available. In temperate forests, maximum productivity decreases significantly by about 10% in regional studies and by 8% at national scale with each added species. Maximum biomass per area was the same for managed and unmanaged conditions. A global assessment of NPP and biodiversity could also not confirm a general positive biodiversity- productivity relationship. Conclusions： Managed grasslands and forests reach highest productivity and volumes at low diversity. Also globally we could not confirm a biodiversi

关键词： Biodiversity Productivity Maximum rates Land management Forests Grasslands

来源：

维普期刊数据库