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Paediatric Mortality: Aetiologies and Predictors among Children Aged 1 Month to 15 Years in a Tertiary Hospital in Douala, Cameroon

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2021年第3期11卷 360-378页

作者： Daniele Kedy Koum Calixte Ida Penda Laurent Mireille Endale Henri Essome christiana mpongo moukongo Loick Pradel Kojom Foko Cecile Okalla Ebongue Diomede Noukeu Dominique Enyama Charlotte Eposse Mbono Rhita Patricia Epée Eboumbou Emile Telesphore Mboudou Paul Koki Ndombo Department of Clinical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Department of Pediatrics Douala Gynaeco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital Douala Cameroon Deido District Hospital Douala Cameroon Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Department of Internal Medicine Laquintinie Hospital Douala Cameroon Department of Surgery Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences The University of Douala Douala Cameroon Department of Gynecology Laquintinie Hospital Douala Cameroon Department of Animal Organism Biology Faculty of Science The University of Douala Douala Cameroon Department of Biology Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences The University of Douala Douala Cameroon Department of Gynecology Douala Gynaeco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital Douala Cameroon Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde I Yaoundé Cameroon Chantal Biya Foundation Mother-Child Centre Yaoundé Cameroon

Background: Children and adolescent mortality remains a public health concern in developing countries. This study aimed to describe risk factors and aetiologies of mortality among children and young adolescents at a tertiary hospital in the town of Douala, Cameroon. Methods: We carried out a retrospective cohort study from January 1st to May 31st, 2019 among deceased patients aged 1 month to 15 years admitted to the paediatric ward of the Gynaeco-Obstetric and Paediatric Hospital. Data of interest were collected and analysed. Results: Out of 3088 children admitted, 123 death cases were recorded. The overall hospital mortality rate was 3.98%. Females accounted for 51% of the deceased patients. Fever was the main reason for consultation. Severe malaria was the most common diagnosis. In univariate logistic regression analysis, factors associated with mortality included hyperthermia (OR = 0.24;95% CI 0.80 - 1.33;p = 0.012), coma/impaired consciousness (OR = 0.30;95% CI 0.10

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The Importance of Stakeholder Engagement in Progressive Rehabilitation of Large-Scale Open Pit Mines—A Case Study of Lumwana Mine

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2024年第10期15卷 963-974页

作者： Mususu Kosta mpongo Kaonda Baxter Nsontaulwa Department of Metallurgical Engineering School of Mines University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia

Mining globally contributes to the growth of many economies of the world. Since its inception, the Zambian mining industry has contributed largely to the country’s economy. The various developments both in technology and knowledge have contributed to the scale at which mining is being done. Challenges in such a setting arise due to the socio-economic and environmental impacts of mining, which create multidimensional problems. The study investigated the importance of engaging stakeholders in progressive rehabilitation programs for large-scale open pit mines, using a case study of the Lumwana Mine and its host community, Manyama. A qualitative approach was used, and data was collected through one-on-one interviews. A combination of convenient and quota sampling was used to engage with host community leaders, professionals and academicians from various fields and institutions. Results showed that most participants had agreed that stakeholder engagement is important for progressive rehabilitation, but the challenge was that the host community and municipal council representatives were not aware of any progressive rehabilitation efforts at Lumwana Mine. This was attributed to a lack of stakeholder engagement and communication of mitigation progress activities by the Lumwana Mine. Results also revealed that the lack of environmental impact assessment regulations to compel companies to involve stakeholders throughout the entire life of the mine other than just at the pre-mining stage led to a lack of compliance and accountability in rehabilitation.

关键词： Progressive Rehabilitation Stakeholder Engagement Open Pit Environmental Impact

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Assessment of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) for Phytoremediation of Heavy Metal Polluted Mine Tailings—A Case Study of Nampundwe Mine Tailings Dam, Zambia

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2023年第7期14卷 481-492页

作者： Mususu Kosta mpongo Kaonda Kaela Chileshe Department of Metallurgical Engineering School of Mines University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia

Mining activities have led to a generation of large quantities of heavy metals laden wastes which are released into the environment in an unsustainable way causing the contamination of the ecosystems and posing a risk to human health. Most mining companies have not employed any rehabilitation or remediation program of the heavy metal laden waste. The aim of this study was to assess the potential of sunflower for phytoremediation of heavy metal polluted mine tailings. Phytoremediation is an emerging technology in the remediation of mine tailings that uses tolerant plant species to clean up contaminated sites. It uses plants with high biomass and sunflower has been identified as such. These plants can extract, transfer, sequester and stabilize a variety of metals through mechanisms such as phytoextraction, phytostabilization, phytoaccumulation and phytovolatilization. Pot experiments were conducted by growing sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) in pyrite mine tailings and in agricultural soil as a control. The study showed that the concentration of Cu reduced from 40.76 mg/kg to 36.59 mg/kg, Zn reduced from 3.58 mg/kg to 3.49 mg/kg and Fe reduced from 23.70 mg/kg to 10 mg/kg respectively in the mine tailings after 6 weeks. Analysis of harvested sunflower (roots, stems, leaves) showed that sunflower could remove heavy metals from the tailings and the highest removal efficiency was 53.7% and the highest translocation factor was 0.25. It was concluded that sunflower has the potential to remediate contaminated mine tailings and that phytoremediation is a viable and efficient technology to treat soils contaminated with heavy metals.

关键词： Phytoremediation Translocation Factor Metal Removal Efficiency Helianthus annuus

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