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Human-driven topographic effects on the distribution of forest in a flat, lowland agricultural region

Journal of Geographical Sciences 2014年第1期24卷 76-92页

作者： Mette V. ODGAARD Peder k. BOCHER Tommy DALGAARD Jesper E. MOESLUND Jens-christian SVENNING Department of Agroecology Aarhus University Blichers AIIe 20 DK-8830 Tjele Denmark Ecoinformatics & Biodiversity Group Department of Bioscience Aarhus University Ny Munkegade 114DK-8000 Aarhus C Denmark Department of Computer Science Aarhus University Abogade 34 DK-8200 Aarhus N Denmark

Complex topography buffers forests against deforestation in mountainous regions. However, it is unknown if terrain also shapes forest distribution in lowlands where human impacts are likely to be less constrained by terrain. In such regions, if important at all, to- pographic effects will depend on cultural-historical factors and thus be human-driven （an- thropogenic） rather than natural, except in regions where the general climate or extreme soils limit the occurrence of forests. We used spatial regression modeling to assess the extent to which topographic factors explain forest distribution （presence-absence at a 48x48 m resolu- tion） in a lowland agricultural region （Denmark, 43,075 km2） at regional and landscape scales （whole study area and 10x10 km grid cells, respectively）, how landscape-scale for- est-topography relationships vary geographically, and which potential drivers （topographic heterogeneity, forest cover, clay content, coastal/inland location） determine this geographic heterogeneity. Given a moist temperate climate and non-extreme soils all landscapes in Denmark would naturally be largely forest covered, and any topographic relationships will be totally or primarily human-driven. At regional scale, topographic predictors explained only 5% of the distribution of forest. In contrast, the explanatory power of topography varied from 0%-61% at landscape scale, with clear geographic patterning. Explanatory power of topog- raphy at landscape scale was moderately dependent on the potential drivers, with topog- raphic control being strongest in areas with high topographic heterogeneity and little forest cover. However, these conditioning effects were themselves geographically variable. Our findings show that topography by shaping human land-use can affect forest distribution even in flat, lowland regions, but especially via localized, geographically variable effects.

关键词： Europe forest cover geographically weighted regression human impact landscape development topography vegetation distribution.

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kDM2B promotes cell viability by enhancing DNA damage response in canine hemangiosarcoma

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2021年第7期48卷 618-630页

作者： kevin christian Montecillo Gulay keisuke Aoshima yuki Shibata Hironobu yasui Qin yan Atsushi kobayashi Takashi kimura Laboratory of Comparative Pathology Department of Clinical SciencesFaculty of Veterinary MedicineHokkaido UniversitySapporoHokkaido 060-0818 Japan Laboratory of Radiation Biology Department of Applied Veterinary SciencesFaculty of Veterinary MedicineHokkaido UniversitySapporoHokkaido 060-0818 Japan Department of Pathology Yale School of MedicineNew HavenCT 06510USA

Epigenetic regulators have been implicated in tumorigenesis of many types of cancer;however,their roles in endothelial cell cancers such as canine hemangiosarcoma(HSA)have not been *** this study,we find that lysine-specific demethylase 2 b(kDM2 B)is highly expressed in HSA cell lines compared with normal canine endothelial *** of kDM2 B in HSA cells results in increased cell death in vitro compared with the scramble control by inducing apoptosis through the inactivation of the DNA repair pathways and accumulation of DNA ***,doxycycline-induced kDM2 B silencing in tumor xenografts results in decreased tumor sizes compared with the ***,kDM2 B is also highly expressed in clinical cases of *** hypothesize that pharmacological kDM2 B inhibition can also induce HSA cell death and can be used as an alternative treatment for *** treat HSA cells with GSk-J4,a histone demethylase inhibitor,and find that GSk-J4 treatment also induces apoptosis and cell *** addition,GSk-J4 treatment decreases tumor ***,we demonstrate that kDM2 B acts as an oncogene in HSA by enhancing the DNA damage ***,we show that histone demethylase inhibitor GSk-J4 can be used as a therapeutic alternative to doxorubicin for HSA treatment.

关键词： DNA repair Epigenetics Hemangiosarcoma kDM2B Oncogene

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Defining minimal invasive surgical therapy for benign prostatic obstruction surgery: Perspectives from a global knowledge, attitude, and practice survey

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第1期11卷 55-64页

作者： Bryan kwun-Chung Cheng Steffi kar-kei yuen Daniele Castellani Marcelo Langer Wroclawski Hongda Zhao Mallikarjuna Chiruvella Wei-Jin Chua Ho-yee Tiong yiloren Tanidir Jean de la Rosette Enrique Rijo Vincent Misrai Amy krambeck Dean S.Elterman Bhaskar k.Somani Jeremy yuen-Chun Teoh Vineet Gauhar Department of Surgery United Christian HospitalHong KongChina S.H.Ho Urology Centre Department of SurgeryPrince of Wales HospitalThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Urology University Hospital“Ospedali Riuniti”and Polytechnic University of Marche RegionAnconaItaly Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein Sao PauloSPBrazil BP—A Beneficencia Portuguesa de Sao Paulo Sao PauloSPBrazil Faculdade de Medicina do ABC Santo AndreSPBrazil Department of Urology Asian Institute of Nephrology and UrologyHyderabadTGIndia Department of Urology National University HospitalSingapore Department of Urology Marmara University School of MedicineIstanbulTurkey Department of Urology Medipol Mega University HospitalIstanbul Medipol UniversityIstanbulTurkey Department of Urology Hospital Quiron BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain Department of Urology Clinique PasteurToulouseFrance Department of Urology Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA Division of Urology Department of SurgeryUniversity Health NetworkUniversity of TorontoTorontoCanada Department of Urology University Hospital Southampton NHS TrustSouthamptonUK Department of Urology Ng Teng Fong General HospitalNUHSSingapore

Objective:To scrutinize the definitions of minimal invasive surgical therapy(MIST)and to investigate urologists’knowledge,attitudes,and practices for benign prostatic obstruction ***:A 36-item survey was developed with a Delphi *** on definitions of MIST and attitudes and practices of benign prostatic obstruction surgeries were *** were invited globally to complete the online *** was achieved when more than or equal to 70%responses were“agree or strongly agree”and less than or equal to 15%responses were“disagree or strongly disagree”(consensus agree),or when more than or equal to 70%responses were“disagree or strongly disagree”and less than or equal to 15%responses were“agree or strongly agree”(consensus disagree).Results:The top three qualities for defining MIST were minimal blood loss(n=466,80.3%),fast post-operative recovery(n=431,74.3%),and short hospital stay(n=425,73.3%).The top three surgeries that were regarded as MIST were Urolift®(n=361,62.2%),Rezum®(n=351,60.5%),and endoscopic enucleation of the prostate(EEP)(n=332,57.2%).Consensus in the knowledge section was achieved for the superiority of Urolift®,Rezum®,and iTIND®over transurethral resection of the prostate with regard to blood loss,recovery,day surgery feasibility,and post-operative *** in the attitudes section was achieved for the superiority of Urolift®,Rezum®,and iTIND®over transurethral resection of the prostate with regard to blood loss,recovery,and day surgery *** on both sections was achieved for EEP as the option with the better symptoms and flow improvement,lower retreatment rate,and better suitable for prostate more than 80 ***:Minimal blood loss,fast post-operative recovery,and short hospital stay were the most important qualities for defining ***®,Rezum®,and EEP were regarded as MIST by most urologists.

关键词： Benignprostate hyperplasia Minimalinvasive surgical therapy Surgery Bladderoutlet obstruction

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Fabrication of freestanding Pt nanowires for use as thermal anemometry probes in turbulence measurements

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2021年第2期7卷 155-165页

作者： Hai Le-The christian küchler Albert van den Berg Eberhard Bodenschatz Detlef Lohse Dominik krug Physics of Fluids Group MESA+InstituteUniversity of Twente7522 NBEnschedeThe Netherlands BIOS Lab-on-a-Chip Group MESA+InstituteUniversity of Twente7522 NBEnschedeThe Netherlands Max Planck-University of Twente Center for Complex Fluid Dynamics GöttingenGermany Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization 37077GöttingenGermany

We report a robust fabrication method for patterning freestanding Pt nanowires for use as thermal anemometry probes for small-scale turbulence *** e-beam lithography,high aspect ratio Pt nanowires(~300 nm width,~70µm length,~100 nm thickness)were patterned on the surface of oxidized silicon(Si)*** wet etching processes with dry etching processes,these Pt nanowires were successfully released,rendering them freestanding between two silicon dioxide(SiO2)beams supported on Si ***,the unique design of the bridge holding the device allowed gentle release of the device without damaging the Pt *** total fabrication time was minimized by restricting the use of e-beam lithography to the patterning of the Pt nanowires,while standard photolithography was employed for other parts of the *** demonstrate that the fabricated sensors are suitable for turbulence measurements when operated in constant-current mode.A robust calibration between the output voltage and the fluid velocity was established over the velocity range from 0.5 to 5 m s−1 in a SF6 atmosphere at a pressure of 2 bar and a temperature of 21°*** sensing signal from the nanowires showed negligible drift over a period of several ***,we confirmed that the nanowires can withstand high dynamic pressures by testing them in air at room temperature for velocities up to 55 m s−1.

关键词： nanowires turbulence thermal

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Mid-infrared Q-switch performance of ZrC

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Photonics Research 2020年第12期8卷 1857-1861页

作者： yANGyANG LIANG TAO LI WENCHAO QIAO TIANLI FENG SHENGZHI ZHAO yUEFENG ZHAO yUZHI SONG christian kRÄNkEL China key Laboratory of Laser&Infrared System(Shandong University) Ministry of EducationQingdao 266237China School of Information Science and Engineering and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Technology and ApplicationShandong UniversityQingdao 266237China Collaborative Innovation Center of Light Manipulations and Applications Shandong Normal UniversityJinan 250358China School of Physics and Electronics Shandong Normal UniversityJinan 250358China Leibniz-lnstitut fur kristallzuchtung 12489 BerlinGermany

Zirconium carbide(ZrC)with layered structure and nanoparticle morphology was prepared by sonication in an ethyl alcohol *** morphology and saturable absorption properties of the ZrC were systematically *** using ZrC nanoparticle coated substrates as saturable absorbers,stable Q-switched 3μm Er:Lu_(2)O_(3) lasers were *** durations of 50 ns with pulse energies of 20μJ and peak power of 0.4 kW are the shortest obtained with novel-material-based Q-switched lasers in the 3μm wavelength range.

关键词： switched absorber shortest

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Multilayer black phosphorus as saturable absorber for an Er:Lu_(2)O_(3) laser at~3 μm

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Photonics Research 2016年第5期4卷 181-186页

作者： Mingqi Fan Tao Li Shengzhi Zhao Guiqiu Li Xiaochun Gao kejian yang Dechun Li christian krankel School of Information Science and Engineering and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Technology and Application Shandong University key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of State Education Ministry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University Institut für Laser-Physik Universitat Hamburg Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging Universitat Hamburg

Multilayer black phosphorus(BP) nanoplatelets of different thicknesses were prepared by the liquid phase exfoliation method and deposited onto yttrium aluminum garnet substrates to form saturable absorbers(SAs). These were characterized with respect to their thickness-dependent saturable absorption properties at 3 μm. The BP-SAs were employed in a passively Q-switched Er:Lu_2O_3 laser at 2.84 μm. By using BP exfoliated in different solvents,stable pulses as short as 359 ns were generated at an average output power of up to 755 m W. The repetition rate in the experiment was 107 k Hz, corresponding to a pulse energy of 7.1 μJ. These results prove that BP-SAs have a great potential for optical modulation in the mid-infrared range.

关键词： Multilayer black phosphorus as saturable absorber for an Er BP IPA yAG

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Effects of Ving Tsun sticking-hand training on upper-limb sensorimotor performance in community-dwelling middle-aged and older adults: A randomized controlled trial

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International Journal of Nursing Sciences 2020年第1期7卷 29-34页

作者： Joanne W.y.Chung Shirley S.M.Fong yang Gao Timothy T.T.yam yvonne T.C.Chak Joyce C.y.Leung Thomas k.S.Wong Department of Health and Physical Education Education University of Hong KongHong KongChina School of Nursing and Healthcare Hong Kong Nang Yan College of Higher EducationHong KongChina Hong kong Martial Arts Institute Hong KongChina School of Public Health University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Sport and Physical Education Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHong KongChina Hong kong christian Service Hong KongChina School of Nursing and Health Studies Open University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Social Work and Social Administration University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Objective:To evaluate the effects of Ving Tsun(VT)sticking-hand training on upper-limb joint position sense and muscular performance in community-dwelling middle-aged and older ***:Thirty-three adults were randomly allocated to either a VT group or a control *** VT group received VT sticking-hand training twice per week for 3 *** were taken before and after the intervention *** primary outcome was elbow-joint repositioning error,which was measured by an elbow-joint passive positioning and active repositioning test using a universal *** outcomes were upper-limb muscles'peak force and time taken to reach peak force as measured by a hand-held ***:No significant time,group or time-by-group interaction effects were found for elbow-joint repositioning error or upper-limb muscle peak force *** flexor time to peak force decreased by 33.8%from pre-test to post-test in the VT group(P=0.007).Shoulder abductor,internal and external rotator,and elbow extensor times to peak force decreased by 30.0%-35.9%in the VT%roup(Py 30.4%-37.1%in the control group(Pking-hand training does not improve elbow-joint position sense or the maximum strength of upper-limb muscles in middle-aged and older ***,VT can improve shoulder flexor muscles'time to reach peak force in these *** had no obvious effect on the time required to reach peak force in other shoulder muscles and elbow extensors.

关键词： Aged Exercise movement techniques Joint position sense Middle aged Muscle strength Upper extremities

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Ethene and butene oligomerization over isostructural H-SAPO-5 and H-SSZ-24: kinetics and mechanism

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Chinese Journal of Catalysis 2019年第11期40卷 1766-1777页

作者： christian Ahoba-Sam Marius Westg?rd Erichsen Unni Olsbye SMN Centre for Materials Science and Nanotechnology Department of Chemistry University of Oslo N‐0315 Oslo Norway

BrФnsted-acidic zeolite and zeotype materials are potential catalysts for the conversion of ethene to higher alkenes. In this study, two materials with AFI structure but different acid strength, H-SAPO-5 and H-SSZ-24, were subject to studies of ethene, cis-2-butene and ethene-butene mixture conversion under conditions where C3-C5 alkene formation is thermodynamically favoured over higher hydrocarbons(673-823 k, 1 atm). Ethene and cis-2-butene partial pressures were varied in the range 9-60 and 0.9-8.1 kPa, respectively, and contact times were varied in the range 3.78-756 and 0.573-76.4 s.μmol H+/cm^3 over H-SAPO-5 and H-SSZ-24, respectively. Less than 1% conversion of ethene and less than 10% conversion of butene was obtained in the range of conditions used for elucidation of rate parameters. The ethene conversion rates were more than an order of magnitude higher over the more acidic H-SSZ-24 than over H-SAPO-5(6.5 vs. 0.3 mmol/mol H+.s at 748 k, Pethene = 33 kP a), with corresponding lower reaction order in ethene(1.5 vs. 2.0 at 673 k) and lower apparent activation energy(52 vs. 80 kJ/mol at 698-823 k). Propene selectivity was substantially higher over H-SSZ-24 than over H-SAPO-5(68% vs. 36% at 0.5% ethene conversion). A similar difference in apparent reaction rates was observed for cis-2-butene conversion over the two catalysts, and for co-feeds of ethene and cis-2-butene. However, the cis-2-butene conversion to C3-C5 alkenes was found to be severely influenced by thermodynamic limitations, impeding a detailed kinetic analysis, and leading predominantly to isobutene formation at the highest temperatures.

关键词： Ethene oligomerization Butene oligomerization kinetics Zeolite Acid strength H-SAPO-5 H-SSZ-24

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How to perform gastrointestinal ultrasound: anatomy and normal findings

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第38期23卷 6931-6941页

作者： Nathan S S Atkinson Robert V Bryant yi Dong christian Maaser Torsten kucharzik Giovanni Maconi Anil k Asthana Michael Blaivas Adrian Goudie Odd Helge Gilja Dieter Nuernberg Dagmar Schreiber-Dietrich Christoph F Dietrich Translational Gastroenterology Unit Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust School of Medicine University of Adelaide Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Royal Adelaide Hospital Department of Ultrasound Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University Ambulanzzentrum Gastroenterologie Klinikum Lüneburg Department of Gastroenterology Stadtisches Klinikum Luneburg gGmbH Gastrointestinal Unit Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences 'L.Sacco' University Hospital Department of Gastroenterology and Hepato-logy The Alfred Hospital Monash University Piedmont Hospital Department of Emergency Medicine Fremantle Hospital and Health Service Emergency Department National Centre for Ultrasound in Gastro- enterology Haukeland University Hospital Department of Clinical Medicine University of Bergen Department of Gastroenterology Brandenburg Medical School Med. klinik 2 Caritas-Krankenhaus Bad Mergentheim

Gastrointestinal ultrasound is a practical, safe, cheap and reproducible diagnostic tool in inflammatorybowel disease gaining global prominence amongst clinicians. Understanding the embryological processes of the intestinal tract assists in the interpretation of abnormal sonographic findings. In general terms, the examination principally comprises interrogation of the colon, mesentery and small intestine using both lowfrequency and high-frequency probes. Interpretation of findings on GIUS includes assessment of bowel wall thickness, symmetry of this thickness, evidence of transmural changes, assessment of vascularity using Doppler imaging and assessment of other specific features including lymph nodes, mesentery and luminal motility. In addition to B-mode imaging, transperineal ultrasonography, elastography and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography are useful adjuncts. This supplement expands upon these features in more depth.

关键词： Ultrasound Intestinal Inflammatory bowel disease Guidelines Teaching

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Evaluation of Ultrasound-based Surveillance for Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients at Risk:Results From a German Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2023年第3期11卷 626-637页

作者： Johannes Gillessen Philipp Reuken Peter-Marton Hunyady Matthias christian Reichert Lucian Lothschütz Fabian Finkelmeier Matthias Nowka Gabriel Allo Fabian kütting Martin Bürger Dirk Nierhoff Hans-Michael Steffen Christoph Schramm University Hospital Cologne Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyCologneGermany University Hospital Jena Department of Internal Medicine IV-GastroenterologyHepatologyInfectious DiseaseJenaGermany University Hospital Frankfurt Department of Internal Medicine 1-Gastroenterology und HepatologyPulmonology und AllergologyEndocrinologyFrankfurtGermany Department of Medicine II Saarland University Medical CenterHomburgGermany Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University Hospital of EssenEssenGermany

Background and Aims:Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)surveillance in patients at risk is strongly recommended and usually performed by ultrasound(US)semiannually with or without alfa-fetoprotein(AFP)*** pa-rameters except for surveillance intervals have not been strictly *** aimed to evaluate surveillance success and risk factors for surveillance ***:Patients with≥1 US prior to HCC diagnosis performed at four tertiary referral hospitals in Germany between 2008 and 2019 were retrospectively *** success was defined as HCC detection within Milan ***:Only 47%of 156 patients,median age 63(interquartile range:57-70)years,56%male,and 96%with cirrhosis,received recom-mended surveillance modality and *** fail-ure occurred in 29%and was significantly associated with lower median model for end-stage liver disease(MELD)score odds ratio(OR)1.154,95%confidence interval(CI):1.027-1.297,p=0.025)and HCC localization within right liver lobe(OR:6.083,95%CI:1.303-28.407,p=0.022),but not with AFP≥200μg/*** with surveillance failure had sig-nificantly more intermediate/advanced tumor stages(93%vs.6%,pyear(54%vs.75%,p=0.041),2 years(32%vs.57%,p=0.019)and 5 years(0%vs.16%,p=0.009).Alcoholic and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(OR:6.1,95%CI:1.7-21.3,p=0.005)and ascites(OR:3.9,95%CI:1.2-12.6,p=0.021)were in-dependently associated with severe visual limitations on ***:US-based HCC surveillance in patients at risk frequently fails and its failure is associated with unfavorable patient-related *** MELD score and HCC lo-calization within right liver lobe were significantly associated with surveillance failure.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Surveillance success Screening Ultra-sound.

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