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Diagnostics for a troubled backbone:testing topological hypotheses of trapelioid lichenized fungi in a large-scale phylogeny of Ostropomycetidae(lecanoromycetes)

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Fungal Diversity 2015年第4期73卷 239-258页

作者： Philipp Resl Kevin Schneider Martin Westberg christian Printzen Zdeněk Palice Göran Thor Alan Fryday Helmut Mayrhofer Toby Spribille Institute of Plant Sciences NAWI GrazUniversity of GrazHolteigasse 6A-8010 GrazAustria Department of Botany Swedish Museum of Natural HistoryP.O.Box 50007SE-10405 StockholmSweden Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum Senckenberganlage 25D-60325 Frankfurt am MainGermany Institute of Botany Academy of Sciences of the Czech RepublicZámek 125243 PrůhoniceCzech Republic Department of Botany Faculty of SciencesCharles University in PragueBenátská212801 Praha 2Czech Republic Department of Ecology Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesP.O.Box 7044SE-75007 UppsalaSweden Herbarium Department of Plant BiologyMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Division of Biological Sciences University of Montana32 Campus DriveMissoulaMT 59812USA

Trapelioid fungi constitute a widespread group of mostly crust-forming lichen mycobionts that are key to understanding the early evolutionary splits in the Ostropomycetidae,the second-most species-rich subclass of lichenized *** uncertain phylogenetic resolution of the approximately 170 species referred to this group contributes to a poorly resolved backbone for the entire *** on a data set including 657 newly generated sequences from four ribosomal and four protein-coding gene loci,we tested a series of a priori and new evolutionary hypotheses regarding the relationships of trapelioid clades within *** found strong support for a monophyletic group of nine core trapelioid genera but no statistical support to reject the long-standing hypothesis that trapelioid genera are sister to Baeomycetaceae or ***,we can reject a sister group relationship to Ostropales with high *** data also shed light on several longstanding questions,recovering Anamylopsoraceae nested within Baeomycetaceae,elucidating two major monophyletic groups within trapelioids(recognized here as Trapeliaceae and Xylographaceae),and rejecting the monophyly of the genus *** transfer eleven species of the latter genus to lambiella and describe the genus Parainoa to accommodate a previously misunderstood species of *** phylogenetic studies in Ostropomycetidae have invoked Bdivergence order^for drawing taxonomic conclusions on higher level *** data show that if backbone support is lacking,contrasting solutions may be recovered with different or added *** accordingly urge caution in concluding evolutionary relationships from unresolved phylogenies.

关键词： Ascomycota Fungi lambiella lecanoromycetes Ostropomycetidae Parainoa Paraphyly SOWH test Taxon sampling

Early-diverging fungal phyla:taxonomy,species concept,ecology,distribution,anthropogenic impact,and novel phylogenetic proposals

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Fungal Diversity 2021年第4期109卷 59-98页

作者： Kerstin Voigt Timothy Y.james Paul M.Kirk Andrél.C.M.de A.Santiago Bruce Waldman Gareth W.Griffith Minjie Fu Renate Radek jürgen F.H.Strassert christian Wurzbacher Gustavo Henrique jerônimo David R.Simmons Kensuke Seto Eleni Gentekaki Vedprakash G.Hurdeal Kevin D.Hyde Thuong T.T.Nguyen Hyang Burm lee jena Microbial Resource Collection Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection BiologyAdolf-Reichwein-Straße 2307745 JenaGermany Institute of Microbiology Faculty of Biological SciencesFriedrich Schiller University JenaNeugasse 2507743 JenaGermany Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA Biodiversity Informatics and Spatial Analysis Jodrell LaboratoryRoyal Botanic Gardens KewSurrey TW93DSUK Department of Mycology Federal University of PernambucoAv.Da Engenharias/nRecifePE 50740-4600Brazil School of Biological Sciences Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826South Korea Department of Integrative Biology Oklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOK 74078USA Institute of Biological Environmentaland Rural Sciences(IBERS)Aberystwyth UniversityAberystwyth SY233DDWalesUK Institute of Biology/Zoology Evolutionary BiologyFreie Universität Berlin14195 BerlinGermany leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries Ecosystem Research12587 BerlinGermany Department of Civil Geo and Environmental EngineeringTechnical University of MunichGarchingGermany School of Science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Center of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Environmental Microbiology lab Department of Agricultural Biological ChemistryCollege of Agriculture&Life SciencesChonnam National UniversityGwangju 61186South Korea

The increasing number of new fungal species described from all over the world along with the use of genetics to define taxa,has dramatically changed the classification system of early-diverging fungi over the past several *** number of phyla established for non-Dikarya fungi has increased from 2 to ***,to date,both the classification and phylogeny of the basal fungi are still *** this article,we review the recent taxonomy of the basal fungi and re-evaluate the relationships among early-diverging lineages of fungal *** also provide information on the ecology and distribu-tion in Mucoromycota and highlight the impact of chytrids on amphibian *** concepts in Chytridiomycota,Aphelidiomycota,Rozellomycota,Neocallimastigomycota are discussed in this *** preserve the current application of the genus Nephridiophaga(Chytridiomycota:Nephridiophagales),a new type species,Nephridiophaga blattellae,is proposed.

关键词： Early-diverging fungi Evolution Nuclear large subunit(lSU/28S) Nuclear small subunit(SSU/18S) Molecular phylogeny

In vitro comparison of human plasma-based and self-assembled tissue-engineered skin substitutes:two different manufacturing processes for the treatment of deep and difficult to heal injuries

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Burns & Trauma 2023年第1期11卷 800-813页

作者： Álvaro Sierra-Sánchez Brice Magne Etienne Savard christian Martel Karel Ferland Martin A.Barbier Anabelle Demers Danielle larouche Salvador Arias-Santiago lucie Germain lOEX Tissue Engineering laboratory and Department of Surgery Faculty of MedicineUniversitéLaval140118e rueQuébec(Québec)G1J 1Z4Canada CHU de Québec-Universitélaval Research Center Division of Regenerative Medicine140118e rueQuébec(Québec)G1J 1Z4Canada Unidad de Producción Celular e Ingeniería Tisular(UPCIT) Virgen de las Nieves University Hospitalibs.GRANADAAndalusian Network for the design and translation of Advanced TherapiesAv.de las Fuerzas ArmadasNº24ªPlanta Ed.de Gobierno18014GranadaSpain Department of Dermatology Virgen de las Nieves University HospitalAv.MadridNº11-1518012GranadaSpain Department of Dermatology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of GranadaAv.de la InvestigaciónNº1118016GranadaSpain

Background:The aim of this in vitro study was to compare side-by-side two models of human bilayered tissue-engineered skin substitutes(hbTESSs)designed for the treatment of severely burned *** are the scaffold-free self-assembled skin substitute(SASS)and the human plasma-based skin substitute(HPSS).Methods:Fibroblasts and keratinocytes from three humans were extracted from skin biopsies(N=3)and cells from the same donor were used to produce both hbTESS *** SASS manu-facture,keratinocytes were seeded over three self-assembled dermal sheets comprising fibroblasts and the extracellular matrix they produced(n=12),while for HPSS production,keratinocytes were cultured over hydrogels composed of fibroblasts embedded in either plasma as unique biomaterial(Fibrin),plasma combined with hyaluronic acid(Fibrin-HA)or plasma combined with collagen(Fibrin-Col)(n/biomaterial=9).The production time was 46-55 days for SASSs and 32-39 days for *** were characterized by histology,mechanical testing,PrestoBlue™-assay,immunofluorescence(Ki67,Keratin(K)10,K15,K19,loricrin,type IV collagen)and Western blot(type I and IV collagens).Results:The SASSs were more resistant to tensile forces(p-valueless elastic(p-valueliferative Ki67+cells were found in SASSs although their metabolic activity was *** epidermal differentiation,no significant difference was observed in the expression of K10,K15,K19 and ***,the production of type I and type IV collagens and the adhesive strength of the dermal-epidermal junction was higher in ***:This study demonstrates,for the first time,that both hbTESS models present similar in vitro biological ***,mechanical properties differ and future in vivo experiments will aim to compare their wound healing potential.

关键词： Biomaterial Burn Fibrin Human plasma Self-assembly Skin substitute Tissue engineering

High-Throughput UAV Image-Based Method Is More Precise Than Manual Rating of Herbicide Tolerance

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Plant Phenomics 2019年第1期1卷 133-141页

作者： Hema S.N.Duddu Eric N.johnson christian *** Steven j.Shirtliffe Department of Plant Sciences College of Agriculture and BioresourcesUniversity of Saskatchewan51 Campus DriveSaskatoonSKCanada

The traditional visual rating system is labor-intensive,time-consuming,and prone to human *** aerial vehicle(UAV)imagery-based vegetation indices(VI)have potential applications in high-throughput plant *** study objective is to determine if UAV imagery provides accurate and consistent estimations of crop injury from herbicide application and its potential as an alternative to visual *** study was conducted at the Kernen Crop Research Farm,University of Saskatchewan in 2016 and ***(Vicia faba l.)crop tolerance to nine herbicide tank mixtures was evaluated with 2 rates distributed in a randomized complete block design(RCBD)with 4 *** trial was imaged using a multispectral camera with a ground sample distance(GSD)of 1.2 cm,one week after the treatment *** ratings of growth reduction and physiological chlorosis were recorded simultaneously with *** optimized soil-adjusted vegetation index(OSAVI)was calculated from the thresholded *** UAV-based vegetation index(OSAVI)produced more precise results compared to visual ratings for both *** coefficient of variation(CV)of OSAVI was~1%when compared to 18-43%for the visual ***,Tukey’s honestly significance difference(HSD)test yielded a more precise mean separation for the UAV-based vegetation index than visual *** significant correlations between OSAVI and the visual ratings from the study suggest that undesirable variability associated with visual assessments can be minimized with the UAVbased ***-based imagery methods had greater precision than the visual-based ratings for crop herbicide *** methods have the potential to replace visual ratings and aid in screening crops for herbicide tolerance.

关键词： Visual precise replace

Densification of Thin Aluminum Oxide Films by Thermal Treatments

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2014年第8期5卷 628-638页

作者： V. Cimalla M. Baeumler l. Kirste M. Prescher B. christian T. Passow F. Benkhelifa F. Bernhardt G. Eichapfel M. Himmerlich S. Krischok j. Pezoldt Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Solid State Physics Freiburg Germany Institute of Micro- and Nanoelectronics Ilmenau University of Technology Ilmenau Germany Institute of Physics Ilmenau University of Technology Ilmenau Germany

Thin AlOx films were grown on 4H-SiC by plasma-assisted atomic layer deposition (AlD) and plasma assisted electron-beam evaporation at 300°C. After deposition, the films were annealed in nitrogen at temperatures between 500°C and 1050°C. The films were analyzed by X-ray reflectivity (XRR) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) in order to determine film thickness, surface roughness and density of the AlOx layer. No differences were found in the behavior of AlOx films upon annealing for the two different employed deposition techniques. Annealing results in film densification, which is most prominent above the crystallization temperature (800°C). In addition to the increasing density, a mass loss of ~5% was determined and attributed to the presence of aluminum oxyhydroxide in as deposited films. All changes in film properties after high temperature annealing appear to be independent of the deposition technique.

关键词： Atomic layer Deposition Crystallization Thermal Treatment Aluminum Oxide

An unexpected large continental source of reactive bromine and chlorine with significant impact on wintertime air quality

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National Science Review 2021年第7期8卷 99-109页

作者： Xiang Peng Weihao Wang Men Xia Hui Chen A.R.Ravishankara Qinyi li Alfonso Saiz-lopez Pengfei liu Fei Zhang Chenglong Zhang likun Xue Xinfeng Wang christian George jinhe Wang Yujing Mu jianmin Chen Tao Wang Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Hong Kong Polytechnic University Department of Environmental Science and Engineering and Institute of Atmospheric Sciences Fudan University Departments of Atmospheric Science and Chemistry Colorado State UniversityFort Collins Department of Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate Institute of Physical Chemistry RocasolanoCSIC 5. Research Center forEco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 6. Environment Research Institute Shandong University 7. Univ Lyon Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1 CNRSIRCELYON 8. School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering Shandong Jianzhu University

Halogen atoms affect the budget of ozone and the fate of pollutants such as hydrocarbons and *** their sources and significances in polluted continental regions are poorly understood. Here we report the observation of unprecedented levels(averaging at 60 parts per trillion) of bromine chloride(Br Cl) at a mid-latitude site in North China during winter. Widespread coal burning in rural households and a photo-assisted process were the primary source of BrCl and other bromine gases. BrCl contributed about55% of both bromine and chlorine atoms. The halogen atoms increased the abundance of ‘conventional’tropospheric oxidants(OH, HO2and RO2) by 26%–73%, and enhanced oxidation of hydrocarbon by nearly a factor of two and the net ozone production by 55%. Our study reveals the significant role of reactive halogen in winter atmospheric chemistry and the deterioration of air quality in continental regions where uncontrolled coal combustion is prevalent.

关键词： BrCl reactive halogen oxidation coal burning air pollution North China

癌周及癌中心不同截短片段丙型肝炎病毒核心蛋白表达质粒的构建及表达

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中华肝脏病杂志 2004年第11期12卷 643-647页

作者：颜学兵陈智 Delphine BOUCREUX Nicole PAVIO christian BRECHOT 浙江大学医学院附属第一医院传染病研究所卫生部传染病重点实验室 310003 U370/巴斯德研究所联合实验室

目的研究不同截短片段丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)的核心蛋白(CORE)在HCV持续感染和肝癌发病机制中的作用,构建并表达不同HCV病毒株及不同截短片断CORE原核表达质粒。方法用PCR扩增基因型为HCV 1 b型的7个不同截短片段CORE基因:氨基酸(aa)长... 详细信息

目的研究不同截短片段丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)的核心蛋白(CORE)在HCV持续感染和肝癌发病机制中的作用,构建并表达不同HCV病毒株及不同截短片断CORE原核表达质粒。方法用PCR扩增基因型为HCV 1 b型的7个不同截短片段CORE基因:氨基酸(aa)长度分别为癌中心株(BT):B:1-172 aa、1-126 aa、1-58 aa、59-126 aa、127-172 aa;癌旁株(BNT):1-172 aa及C191(HCV-j6):1-172 aa,扩增产物用BamH Ⅰ及EcoR Ⅰ双酶切后将其插入到原核表达质粒pGEX-4T-1中,阳性克隆转染到Bl21中,IPTG诱导表达GST-CORE融合蛋白,纯化定量,并用western blot加以验证。结果 7个不同片段CORE在体外都得到相应表达,但表达量存在一定的差异,较长片段表达量相对较低,其中BT及BNT的1-172 aa截短片段CORE的表达高于同基因型等长度片段的C191,而BT以59-126 aa片段的表达量最高。BT、BNT及C191三株HCV基因1b型病毒株部分截短片段可形成二聚体。结论构建不同HCV病毒株及不同截短片段的CORE原核表达质粒获得成功,为研究HCV不同病毒株及不同区域CORE功能奠定基础;不同截短片段的CORE表达量不等,可能与不同片段具有不同的疏水基团、细胞毒性及在HCV结构和在HCV致病性中所起作用不同有关;HCV基因1b型的CORE二聚体的形成依耐于59-126 aa区域。

关键词：病毒核心蛋白表达质粒蛋白表达丙型肝炎病毒肝癌

On the combined effect of soil fertility and topography on tree growth in subtropical forest ecosystems—a study from SE China

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journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第1期10卷 111-127页

作者： Thomas Scholten Philipp Goebes Peter Kühn Steffen Seitz Thorsten Assmann jürgen Bauhus Helge Bruelheide Francois Buscot Alexandra Erfmeier Markus Fischer Werner Härdtle jin-Sheng He Keping Ma Pascal A.Niklaus Michael Scherer-lorenzen Bernhard Schmid Xuezheng Shi Zhengshan Song Goddert von Oheimb christian Wirth Tesfaye Wubet Karsten Schmidt Department of Geosciences Soil Science and GeomorphologyUniversity of TübingenRümelinstraße 19-2372070 TübingenGermany Institute of Ecology Leuphana University LüneburgScharnhorststr.121335 LüneburgGermany Faculty of Forest and Environmental Sciences SilvicultureUniversity of FreiburgTennenbacherstraße 479085 Freiburg im BreisgauGermany Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden Martin Luther University Halle WittenbergAm Kirchtor 106108 HalleGermany German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research(iDiv)Halle-jena-leipzig Deutscher Platz 5e04103 LeipzigGermany Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research UFZ Theodor-Lieser-Straße 406120 HalleGermany Department of Plant Sciences University of BernAltenbergrain 213013 BernSwitzerland Peking University No.5 Yiheyuan RoadHaidian DistrictBeijing 100871China Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of SciencesNo.20 NanxincunXiangshanBeijing 100093China Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies University of ZürichWinterthurerstrasse 1908057 ZürichSwitzerland Faculty of Biology Department of GeobotanyUniversity of FreiburgSchänzlestraße 179104 FreiburgGermany Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of SciencesNo.71 East Beijing RoadNanjingChina TU Dresden Biodiversity and Nature ConservationPienner Straße 701737 TharandtGermany Department of Systematic Botany and Functional Biodiversity University of LeipzigJohannisallee 2104103 LeipzigGermany

Aims The aim of our research was to understand small-scale effects of topography and soil fertility on tree growth in a forest biodiversity and ecosystem functioning(BEF)experiment in subtropical SE *** Geomorphometric terrain analyses were carried out at a spatial resolution of 5×5 *** samples of different depth increments and data on tree height were collected from a total of 566 plots(667 m2 each).The soils were analyzed for carbon(soil organic carbon[SOC]),nitrogen,acidity,cation exchange capacity(CEC),exchangeable cations and base saturation as soil fertility *** plots were classified into geomorphological *** of variance and linear regressions were applied to all terrain,soil fertility and tree growth *** Findings In general,young and shallow soils and relatively small differences in stable soil properties suggest that soil erosion has truncated the soils to a large extent over the whole area of the *** explains the concurrently increasing CEC and SOC stocks downslope,in hollows and in ***,colluvial,carbon-rich sediments are missing widely due to the convexity of the footslopes caused by uplift and removal of eroded sediments by adjacent *** results showed that soil fertility is mainly influenced by ***-Carlo flow accumulation(MCCA),curvature,slope and aspect significantly affected soil ***,soil fertility was affected by the different geomorphological positions on the experimental sites with ridge and spur positions showing lower exchangeable base cation contents,especially potassium(K),due to *** geomorphological effect of soil fertility is most pronounced in the topsoil and decreases when considering the subsoil down to 50 cm *** soil fertility attributes affect tree height after 1-2 years of growth,among which C stocks proved to be most important while pH_(KCl)and CEC only played minor ***,soil acidity and a hig

关键词： soil fertility topography soil erosion matter transport biodiversity DSM carbon stocks tree forest BEF-China China

Detection and Characterization of the Cyanobacteria and Cyanophages of Barnegat Bay, New jersey

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journal of Environmental Protection 2019年第11期10卷 1472-1483页

作者： Roksana M. Rahman Alexandra Greco Alisha Nanda christian Rios-Ruiz Yan Wang Paul Yoon Dena j. Restaino john j. Gaynor Paul A. X. Bologna Tinchun Chu Department of Biological Sciences Seton Hall University NJ USA Department of Biology and Chemistry County College of Morris Randolph NJ USA Department of Biology Montclair State University NJ USA

Cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (CHAB), caused by eutrophication, are known to threaten both wildlife and human health. Due to urbanization and land use changes, an increase of CHAB’s at a more frequent rate within Barnegat Bay has been observed. In order to detect possible CHAB causing cyanobacteria, water samples were collected from 12 different locations within Barnegat Bay. Each sample was filtered through a 30- and 0.4-μm polycarbonate filter sequentially. Flow cytometry was carried out for the filtrate collected between 0.4- and 30-μm. Chelex DNA extraction, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and gel electrophoresis were then performed for all sites using four primer sets (27F/785R, PSF/UR, CYA359F/CYA781R and MSF/MSR) designed to detect cyanobacteria. Flow cytometric results indicated the water samples contained a wide range of cyanobacteria, including M. aeruginosa, Cylindrospermum spp., Anabaena spp., and Synechococcus sp. IU 625 ranges from 3.16 to 8.17 × 107 cells·l-1. PCR-based assays suggest that general cyanobacteria as well as phytospecific species were present for all sites, but no toxin-producing Microcystis aeruginosa was detected. Plaque assays demonstrated the presence of cyanophages for S. IU 625, Anabaena spp., and M. aeruginosa at all sites, up to 105 PFU·ml-1.

关键词： Cyanobacterial Harmful Algal Blooms Eutrophication Flow Cytometry Polymerase Chain Reaction Plaque Assay