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Early dynamics in plant community trait responses to a novel, more extreme hydrological gradient

Journal of Plant Ecology 2019年第2期12卷 327-335页

作者： Andrea Oddershede Cyrille Violle Annette Baattrup-Pedersen Jens-christian Svenning christian Damgaard Section for Plant and Insect Ecology Department of BioscienceAarhus UniversityVejlsøvej 25DK-8600 SilkeborgDenmark Section for Ecoinformatics&Biodiversity Department of BioscienceAarhus UniversityNy Munkegade 114DK-8000 Aarhus CDenmark CEFE UMR 5175 CNRS-Universitéde Montpellier-UniversitéPaul-Valéry MontpellierEPHE-1919 route de MendeF-34293 MontpellierCEDEX 5France Section for Stream and Wetland Ecology Department of BioscienceAarhus UniversityVejlsøvej 25DK-8600 SilkeborgDenmark

Aims For temperate regions such as Northern Europe,predicted climate change patterns include an increase in winter precipitation causing increased risk of flooding,whereas periods of droughts will become more frequent in *** aim of this study is to explore vari-ations in plant functional trait distributions along a hydrological gradient spanning from recurrent drought events to recurrent flood-ing-mimicking future precipitation *** The experiment was conducted in a controlled grassland experi-ment over a period of 3 years.A novel and more extreme hydro-logical regime was achieved by manipulating the flow of a nearby stream thereby creating a continuous hydrological gradient from flooding during winter to drought during *** commu-nity responses were recorded along this hydrological ***-weighted trait distribution changes along the gradient were described using null *** functional traits were con-sidered:seed mass,leaf dry matter content(LDMC),leaf area,leaf thickness,specific leaf area(SLA)and *** findings Over time,responses in plant functional traits changed at the community *** the study period consistent changes occurred in the mean trait value of several *** in relatively dry plots became dominated by species with water-conserving life strategies,represented by high seed mass and thick *** contrast,disturbance-resistant species(high leaf dry matter content)became dominant in flooded plots,indicating that persistence to flooding was the most important factor control-ling the functional structure in those ***,a high abundance of small-seeded species in flooded plots likely indicates higher frequency of species with higher dispersal ability through *** conclusion,plant traits are useful for predicting responses to climate change,but abrupt and extreme climate event may cause unexpected responses because they have no analog to previously more sta

关键词： functional diversity trait-environment relationship hydrology extreme events flooding

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Clustering of voltage-gated ion channels as an evolutionary trigger of myelin formation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1631-1632页

作者： Henrike Ohm Simone Rey christian Klambt Institut fur Neuro-und Verhaltensbiologie MunsterGermany

Neurons carry apical dendrites that perceive information and a basal axon that transmits the computed information towards its to *** axon originates at the axon hillock which is followed by the axon initial ***,action potentials are initiated that are based on millisecond long openings of specific voltagegated sodium and potassium channels that are conserved in all parahoxozoa(Placozoa,Cnidaria,Bilateria)(Li et al.,2015).

关键词： initiated carry potassium

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应对未来全球化的人才培养原则

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创新人才教育 2014年第4期 11-13页

作者： christian werner 德国应用管理大学国际大学网

为适应全球化,未来人才培养需要遵循三大原则。第一,教育要遵循个性化的人才培养方式,基于教育研究理论和新技术给不同潜质的孩子提供适合的教育。第二,利用计算机和互联网技术培养学生的学习能力,提升学生的学习质量。第三,在课程设计... 详细信息

为适应全球化,未来人才培养需要遵循三大原则。第一,教育要遵循个性化的人才培养方式,基于教育研究理论和新技术给不同潜质的孩子提供适合的教育。第二,利用计算机和互联网技术培养学生的学习能力,提升学生的学习质量。第三,在课程设计及教学中,注重创造力和问题解决能力的培养。为贯彻这三项原则,教育变革要面向未来,着力培养学生的关键胜任力。

关键词：全球化个性化教育互联网关键胜任力

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Tribological performance and microstructural evolution ofα-brass alloys as a function of zinc concentration

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Friction 2020年第6期8卷 1117-1136页

作者： Zhilong LIU Philipp MESSER-HANNEMANN Stephan LAUBE christian GREINER Institute for Applied Materials(IAM) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)Karlsruhe 76131Germany KIT IAM-CMS MikroTribologie CentrumμTC Karlsruhe 76131Germany

Tailoring a material's properties for low friction and little wear in a strategic fashion is a long-standing goal of materials *** deformation plays a major role when metals are employed in a sliding contact;therefore,the effects of stacking fault energy and mode of dislocation glide need to be ***,we investigated how a decrease in the stacking fault energy affects friction,wear,and the ensuing sub-surface microstructure *** samples with increasing zinc concentrations of 5,15,and 36 wt%were tested in non-lubricated sphere-on-plate contacts with a reciprocating linear tribometer against Si3N4 *** the sliding distance from 0.5(single trace)to 5,000 reciprocating cycles covered different stages in the lifetime of a sliding *** the results among the three alloys revealed a profound effect of the zinc concentration on the tribological ***15 and CuZn36 showed similar friction and wear results,whereas CuZn5 had a roughly 60%higher friction coefficient(COF)than the other two ***15 and CuZn36 had a much smaller wear rate than *** dislocation motion in CuZn5 and CuZn15 allowed for dislocation self-organization into a horizontal line about 150 nm beneath the contact after a single trace of the *** feature was absent in CuZn36 where owing to planar dislocation slip band-like features under a 45°angle to the surface were *** results hold the promise to help guide the future development of alloys tailored for specific tribological applications.

关键词： brass tribology sliding contact microstructure stacking fault energy electron microscopy

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The effect of microclimate on wood decay is indirectly altered by tree species diversity in a litterbag study

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第1期10卷 170-178页

作者： David Eichenberg Katherina Pietsch christian Meister Wenyong Ding Mingjian Yu christian Wirth Institut für Spezielle Botanik und Funktionelle Biodiversität University of LeipzigJohannisallee 21-23Leipzig 04103Germany College of Life Sciences Zhejiang University866 Yuhangtang RoadHangzhou 310058China German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research(iDiv)Halle-Jena-Leipzig Deutscher Platz 5eLeipzig 04103Germany

Aims We studied the influence of tree species diversity on the dynamics of coarse wood decomposition in developing forest communities in a natural,topographically heterogeneous *** the litter bag technique,we investigated how and to which extent canopy tree species richness or the exclusion of mesoinvertebrates and macroinvertebrates affected wood decomposition in the light of natural variations in the *** compared the relative importance of the two aspects(experimental treatment versus microclimate)on wood decay rates using Schima superba as a standard *** Coarse woody debris(CWD)was deposited in litter bags with two different mesh sizes in a total of 134 plots along a gradient of canopy tree species richness(0-24 species).Wood decomposition was assessed at two consecutive time points,one and three years after deposition in the *** climatic conditions were assessed throughout the duration of the *** conditions were assessed both,directly in the field as well as indirectly via correlations with local *** used analysis of variance based approaches to assess the relative importance of the treatments(community tree species richness and macro invertebrate exclusion)and microclimatic conditions on wood *** Findings No direct influence of tree species richness on wood decay could be ***,the exclusion of macroinvertebrates significantly decreased wood decomposition *** addition,microclimatic conditions accounted for a substantial proportion of explained variance in the observed ***,wood decomposition was negatively affected by low mean temperatures and high variations in local humidity and ***,tree species richness as well as the respective species composition affected the presence of termites within forest ***,in turn,significantly increased the decay of *** strength of both,experimental treatment and microclimate increased with o

关键词： wood decomposition microclimate litter bag tree species diversity community composition

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RNA/DNA Ratio and LPL and MyoD mRNA Expressions in Muscle of Oreochromis niloticus Fed with Elevated Levels of Palm Oil

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2016年第1期15卷 184-192页

作者： christian Larbi AYISI ZHAO Jinliang Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fishery Germplasm Resources Ministry of Agriculture Shanghai Ocean University Shanghai 201306 P. R. China L & A Aquaculture Research and Training Centre P.O Box 2 Adukrom Akuapem Eastern Region Ghana

Palm oil is of great potential as one of the sustainable alternatives to fish oil(FO) in *** this present study,five isonitrogenous diets(32% crude protein) with elevated palm oil levels of 0%,2%,4%,6% and 8% were used during an 8-week feeding trial to evaluate its effects on RNA/DNA ratio and lipoprotein lipase(LPL) and Myo D m RNA expressions in muscle of Oreochromis *** results showed that RNA,DNA content as well as ratio of RNA to DNA were significantly affected(P < 0.05),in each case the highest was recorded in fish group subjected to 6% palm oil *** was a strong positive correlation between nucleic acid concentration(RNA concentration and RNA:DNA ratio) and specific growth rate(SGR),protein efficiency ratio(PER),while a negative correlation existed between nucleic acid concentration(RNA concentration and RNA:DNA ratio) and feed conversion ratio(FCR).The m RNA expressions of LPL and Myo D in muscle were not significantly affected by the different palm oil levels,although the highest expression was observed in fish fed with 6% palm oil *** also existed a strong positive correlation between the m RNA expression of LPL,Myo D and SGR,PER,while their correlation with FCR was *** conclusion,elevated palm oil affected the RNA,DNA concentration as well as RNA/DNA ratio significantly,although the m RNA expression of LPL and Myo D were not affected significantly by elevated palm oil levels.

关键词： Oreochromis niloticus palm oil RNA: DNA ratio LPL MyoD gene expression

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Description of Cephalodella changdensis sp. nov. (Rotifera: Notommatidae) from Hunan Province, China

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2020年第6期38卷 1900-1906页

作者： WEI Nan JERSABEK christian D YANG Yufeng South China Institute of Environmental Sciences Ministry of Ecology and EnvironmentGuangzhou 510530China Department of Biosciences University of SalzburgA-5020 SalzburgAustria Department of Ecology and Institute of Hydrobiology Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China

A new freshwater rotifer Cephalodella changdensis *** in two locations in Changde,Hunan,China,is described *** new species is characterized by body shape moderately elongate,double eyespots frontally,toes conical and almost straight,about one fourth of total length,trophi type B(classification after Wulfert,1937),rami asymmetrical with a pair of long alulae,fulcrum inverted T-shaped(ventral/dorsal view)with dorsally directed distal projection(lateral view),and manubria asymmetrical,left one slightly longer and stronger,with J-shaped or crutch-shaped posterior ends.

关键词： rotifer new species Cephalodella changdensis sp.nov. taxonomy trophi asymmetrical

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Ecological intensification of agriculture through biodiversity management:introduction

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2023年第6期16卷 1-4页

作者： Bernhard Schmid christian Schöb Department of Geography Remote Sensing LaboratoriesUniversity of ZurichWinterthurerstrasse 1908057 ZürichSwitzerland Universidad Rey Juan Carlos Calle Tulipán s/n28933 MóstolesSpain

A major feature of humans is that they can attain much higher population densities than any non-domestic animal species of similar body size(Damuth 1987).This is most likely due to the invention of agriculture(Herrera and Garcia-Bertrand 2018),which allowed humans to manage ecosystems in such a way that as much biomass as possible is converted into food(Vitousek et al.1986).

关键词： Ecological likely agriculture

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Values-limits of economic rationality and imperialism of culture

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Economic and Political Studies 2016年第2期4卷 101-121页

作者： christian Krijnen Department of Philosophy Faculty of Humanities at VU University AmsterdamThe Netherlands

In European politics,the issue of neo-liberalism is both dominant and *** political position has a foundation in an influential economic *** economic variant of a universal theory of human behaviour is known as‘economic imperialism’.It is very influential in the other social sciences as ***‘rationalchoice-model’(RCM)is frequently employed to explain social *** RCM,formally speaking,is the approach of neoclassical economic *** scrutinising some presuppositions of economic imperialism,it becomes clear,however,that this approach cannot offer a universal theory of human *** considerations are not a criticism of economic rationality as such but of a specific interpretation of this rationality,namely that of economic *** basic ideas of the RCM are criticised within the discourse of economics itself,such criticism has a primarily empirical *** contrast,this article develops a reflexive argument that concerns the framework of the RCM *** starts from assumptions that it does not justify,or is even unable to *** of these assumptions are discussed in-depth:the givenness of preferences and the quantifiability of *** turns out that preferences of rational beings are not merely given but continuously ***,preferences qua goals of action have a non-quantitative character:they are constituted by *** make up the foundation of(quantifiable)goods or preferences in the economic sense.

关键词： Culture economic imperialism philosophy of values rational choice model rationality

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Limb symmetry index in competitive alpine ski racers:Reference values and injury risk identification according to age-related performance levels

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2018年第4期7卷 405-415页

作者： Lisa Steidl-Müller Carolin Hildebrandt Erich Müiller christian Fink christian Raschner Department of Sport Science University oflnnsbruekInnsbruck 6020Austria Department of Sport Science and Kinesiology University of SalzburgSalzburg 5400Austria Research Unit for Orthopedic Sports Medicine and Injury Prevention Institute of Psychology（ISAG）The Health ＆ Life Sciences University（UMIT）Innsbruck 6020Austria Gelenkpunkt-Sports and Joint Surgery Innsbruck 6020Austria Corresponding author.E-mail address：lisa.steidl-mueller@uibk.ac.at

Purpose： The aims of this study were to assess differences of limb symmetry index （LSI） in strength- and coordination-related tasks between high-level, competitive, noninjured ski racers of different age-related performance levels and to prospectively assess limb differences as a possible risk factor for traumatic and overuse injury in youth ski racers. Methods： The study （Study 1） included 285 high-level competitive ski racers （125 females, 160 males） of 3 age-related performance levels and based on the school system： 95 youth （10-14 years, secondary modem school）, 107 adolescent （15-19 years, grammar school）, and 83 elite athletes （20-34 years）. To investigate the second aim （Study 2）, 67 of the 95 youth athletes were included and any traumatic or overuse injuries were prospectively recorded over 2 seasons. All athletes performed 4 unilateral tests （strength related： one-leg counter movement jump （OL-CMJ） and one-leg isometric/isokinetic press strength test （OL-ILS）; coordination related： one-leg stability test （OL-ST） and one-leg speedy jump test （OL-SJ））. The LSI was calculated by dividing the dominant leg by the nondominant leg and multiplying by 100. Kruskal-Wallis H tests and binary logistic regression analyses were conducted. Results： There were significant differences between the LSI of the 3 age-related performance-level groups only in the strength-related tests： the OL-CMJ （X^2（2, 285） = 9.09; p = 0.01） and the OL-ILS （X^2（2,285） = 14.79; p 〈 0.01）. The LSI for OL-ILS was found to be a significant risk factor for traumatic injury in youth ski racers （Wald = 7.08; p 〈 0.01）. No significant risk factors were found for overuse injuries. Conclusion： Younger athletes display slightly greater LSI values only in the strength-related tests. The cut-off value of limb differences of 〈 10% for return to sport decisions seems to be appropriate for elite athletes, but for youth and adolescent athletes it has to be critically discussed. It seems to be necessary to defi

关键词： Age-related performance levels Alpine ski racing Injury risk Limb differences Youth athletes

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