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Medical management of urolithiasis: Great efforts and limited progress

Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第2期11卷 149-155页

作者： Victoria Jahrreiss christian seitz Fahad Quhal Department of Urology Comprehensive Cancer CenterMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria Department of Urology King Fahad Specialist HospitalDammamSaudi Arabia

Objective:To provide a comprehensive review on the existing literature on medical management of urolithiasis.Methods:A thorough literature review was performed using Medline,PubMed/PMC,Embase,and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews up to December 2022 to identify publications on the medical management of urolithiasis.Studies that assessed dietary and pharmacologic management of urolithiasis were reviewed;studies on medical expulsive therapy were not included in this review.Results:Medical management of urolithiasis ranges from the prophylactic management of kidney stone disease to dissolution therapies.While most treatment concepts have been long established,large randomized controlled trials are scarce.Dietary modification and increased fluid intake remain cornerstones in the conservative management of urolithiasis.A major limitation for medical management of urolithiasis is poor patient compliance.Conclusion:Medical management of urolithiasis is more important in patients with recurrent urolithiasis and patients with metabolic abnormalities putting them at higher risk of developing stones.Although medical management can be effective in limiting stone recurrence,medical interventions often fail due to poor compliance.

关键词： Medicalmanagement Medical therapy Urolithiasis Kidneystonedisease

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夏堇组织培养及转基因体系的建立与优化

夏堇组织培养及转基因体系的建立与优化

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中国园艺学会观赏园艺专业委员会2009年学术年会

作者：李厚华赵冰 christian seitz Gert Forkmann 西北农林科技大学慕尼黑工业大学

夏堇(Torenia fournieri)是一种重要的观赏植物,经常用于花坛绿化、盆花栽植和阳台绿化。它因为对外界的刺激反应敏感而常被用于阐明形态发生学的机理研究。在实验中,我们用从温室栽培的夏堇中获取的植物材料建立了组织培养体系。消毒后... 详细信息

夏堇(Torenia fournieri)是一种重要的观赏植物,经常用于花坛绿化、盆花栽植和阳台绿化。它因为对外界的刺激反应敏感而常被用于阐明形态发生学的机理研究。在实验中,我们用从温室栽培的夏堇中获取的植物材料建立了组织培养体系。消毒后240个叶盘被切下后培养在再生培养基上;经过3周的培养后,227个叶盘没有被细菌感染,157个叶盘上出现了植株再生。结果显示了很高的消毒成功率(94.6%)和植株再生率(65.4%)。为了优化夏堇的基因转化条件,我们对不同的农杆菌菌株,基质和不同的处理方法进行了组合测试。试验结果表明:农杆菌菌株LBA4404适于夏堇的基因转化;含有0.1mg/LIAA和0.5mg/LBA的培养基有利于转基因植物的再生;两天的预培养后再进行农杆菌浸染比直接浸染的基因转化效率要高

关键词：夏堇组织培养基因转化农杆菌

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Macular vascularisation changes analysed using OCT angiography after successful rhegmatogenous retinal detachment repair

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2023年第1期16卷 81-87页

作者： Marie Hartmann Alaa Din Abdin Doris Fraenkel christian Munteanu Berthold seitz Shady Suffo Department of Ophthalmology Saarland University Medical CenterHomburg/Saar 66421Germany

AIM:To analyse the macular vascularisation changes analysed using optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)after successful rhegmatogenous retinal detachment(RRD)repair by comparing gas vs silicone oil and macula-on vs macula-off.METHODS:This retrospective data collection included 77 eyes with RRD that underwent pars plana vitrectomy(PPV)and gas or silicone oil tamponade.We performed an OCTA during the postoperative control between 6 and 24mo after the last surgery and evaluated the main parameters measured by OCTA:foveal avascular zone(FAZ)and parafoveolar vascular density(PVD)in the superficial capillary plexus.The patients were divided into four groups:RRD with macular involvement treated with gas tamponade,RRD without macular involvement treated with gas tamponade,RRD with macular involvement treated with silicone oil tamponade and RRD without macular involvement treated with silicone oil tamponade.A one-way ANOVA test combined with post hoc Bonferroni corrections compared FAZ sizes and PVD in all four groups.RESULTS:The FAZ size was statistically significantly larger in eyes with RRD involving the macula than in those not involving it(P=0.005).There was no statistically significant difference in the FAZ sizes of the eyes treated with silicone oil tamponade compared to those treated with gas tamponade(P=0.54).There was no statistically significant difference in the PVD comparing all four groups.CONCLUSION:Despite the known risks associated with silicone oil,our findings suggest that the type of tamponade used during PPV to treat an RRD has no significant effect on the future integrity of the PVD or the size of the FAZ in the superficial capillary plexus as measured by OCTA.

关键词： retina vitrectomy optical coherence tomography angiography

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Systematic Cross-biospecimen Evaluation of DNA Extraction Kits for Long-and Short-read Multi-metagenomic Sequencing Studies

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2022年第2期20卷 405-417页

作者： Jacqueline Rehner Georges Pierre Schmartz Laura Groeger Jan Dastbaz Nicole Ludwig Matthias Hannig Stefan Rupf Berthold seitz Elias Flockerzi Tim Berger Matthias christian Reichert Marcin Krawczyk Eckart Meese christian Herr Robert Bals Soren L.Becker Andreas Keller Rolf Muller The IMAGINE Consortium Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene Saarland UniversityD-66421 HomburgGermany Clinical Bioinformatics Saarland UniversityD-66123 SaarbruckenGermany Department of Human Genetics Saarland UniversityD-66421 HomburgGermany Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland D-66123 SaarbruckenGermany Clinic of Operative Dentistry Periodontology and Preventive DentistrySaarland UniversityD-66421 HomburgGermany Department of Ophthalmology Saarland University Medical CenterD-66421 HomburgGermany Department of Medicine Ⅱ Saarland University Medical CenterD-66421 HomburgGermany Department of Internal Medicine V–Pulmonology AllergologyIntensive Care MedicineSaarland UniversityD-66421 HomburgGermany

High-quality DNA extraction is a crucial step in metagenomic studies.Bias by different isolation kits impairs the comparison across datasets.A trending topic is,however,the analysis of multiple metagenomes from the same patients to draw a holistic picture of microbiota associated with diseases.We thus collected bile,stool,saliva,plaque,sputum,and conjunctival swab samples and performed DNA extraction with three commercial kits.For each combination of the specimen type and DNA extraction kit,20-gigabase(Gb)metagenomic data were generated using short-read sequencing.While profiles of the specimen types showed close proximity to each other,we observed notable differences in the alpha diversity and composition of the microbiota depending on the DNA extraction kits.No kit outperformed all selected kits on every specimen.We reached consistently good results using the Qiagen QiAamp DNA Microbiome Kit.Depending on the specimen,our data indicate that over 10 Gb of sequencing data are required to achieve sufficient resolution,but DNA-based identification is superior to identification by mass spectrometry.Finally,longread nanopore sequencing confirmed the results(correlation coefficient>0.98).Our results thus suggest using a strategy with only one kit for studies aiming for a direct comparison of multiple microbiotas from the same patients.

关键词： Whole-genome analysis Comparative genomics Short-read sequencing Long-read sequencing DNA extraction Metagenomics

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On the combined effect of soil fertility and topography on tree growth in subtropical forest ecosystems—a study from SE China

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第1期10卷 111-127页

作者： Thomas Scholten Philipp Goebes Peter Kühn Steffen seitz Thorsten Assmann Jürgen Bauhus Helge Bruelheide Francois Buscot Alexandra Erfmeier Markus Fischer Werner Härdtle Jin-Sheng He Keping Ma Pascal A.Niklaus Michael Scherer-Lorenzen Bernhard Schmid Xuezheng Shi Zhengshan Song Goddert von Oheimb christian Wirth Tesfaye Wubet Karsten Schmidt Department of Geosciences Soil Science and GeomorphologyUniversity of TübingenRümelinstraße 19-2372070 TübingenGermany Institute of Ecology Leuphana University LüneburgScharnhorststr.121335 LüneburgGermany Faculty of Forest and Environmental Sciences SilvicultureUniversity of FreiburgTennenbacherstraße 479085 Freiburg im BreisgauGermany Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden Martin Luther University Halle WittenbergAm Kirchtor 106108 HalleGermany German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research(iDiv)Halle-Jena-Leipzig Deutscher Platz 5e04103 LeipzigGermany Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research UFZ Theodor-Lieser-Straße 406120 HalleGermany Department of Plant Sciences University of BernAltenbergrain 213013 BernSwitzerland Peking University No.5 Yiheyuan RoadHaidian DistrictBeijing 100871China Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of SciencesNo.20 NanxincunXiangshanBeijing 100093China Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies University of ZürichWinterthurerstrasse 1908057 ZürichSwitzerland Faculty of Biology Department of GeobotanyUniversity of FreiburgSchänzlestraße 179104 FreiburgGermany Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of SciencesNo.71 East Beijing RoadNanjingChina TU Dresden Biodiversity and Nature ConservationPienner Straße 701737 TharandtGermany Department of Systematic Botany and Functional Biodiversity University of LeipzigJohannisallee 2104103 LeipzigGermany

Aims The aim of our research was to understand small-scale effects of topography and soil fertility on tree growth in a forest biodiversity and ecosystem functioning(BEF)experiment in subtropical SE China.Methods Geomorphometric terrain analyses were carried out at a spatial resolution of 5×5 m.Soil samples of different depth increments and data on tree height were collected from a total of 566 plots(667 m2 each).The soils were analyzed for carbon(soil organic carbon[SOC]),nitrogen,acidity,cation exchange capacity(CEC),exchangeable cations and base saturation as soil fertility attributes.All plots were classified into geomorphological units.Analyses of variance and linear regressions were applied to all terrain,soil fertility and tree growth attributes.Important Findings In general,young and shallow soils and relatively small differences in stable soil properties suggest that soil erosion has truncated the soils to a large extent over the whole area of the experiment.This explains the concurrently increasing CEC and SOC stocks downslope,in hollows and in valleys.However,colluvial,carbon-rich sediments are missing widely due to the convexity of the footslopes caused by uplift and removal of eroded sediments by adjacent waterways.The results showed that soil fertility is mainly influenced by topography.Monte-Carlo flow accumulation(MCCA),curvature,slope and aspect significantly affected soil fertility.Furthermore,soil fertility was affected by the different geomorphological positions on the experimental sites with ridge and spur positions showing lower exchangeable base cation contents,especially potassium(K),due to leaching.This geomorphological effect of soil fertility is most pronounced in the topsoil and decreases when considering the subsoil down to 50 cm depth.Few soil fertility attributes affect tree height after 1-2 years of growth,among which C stocks proved to be most important while pH_(KCl)and CEC only played minor roles.Nevertheless,soil acidity and a high proportion of Al on the exchange complex affec

关键词： soil fertility topography soil erosion matter transport biodiversity DSM carbon stocks tree forest BEF-China China

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