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The effect of microclimate on wood decay is indirectly altered by tree species diversity in a litterbag study

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第1期10卷 170-178页

作者： David Eichenberg Katherina Pietsch christian Meister Wenyong Ding Mingjian Yu christian Wirth Institut für Spezielle Botanik und Funktionelle Biodiversität University of LeipzigJohannisallee 21-23Leipzig 04103Germany College of Life Sciences Zhejiang University866 Yuhangtang RoadHangzhou 310058China German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research(iDiv)Halle-Jena-Leipzig Deutscher Platz 5eLeipzig 04103Germany

Aims We studied the influence of tree species diversity on the dynamics of coarse wood decomposition in developing forest communities in a natural,topographically heterogeneous *** the litter bag technique,we investigated how and to which extent canopy tree species richness or the exclusion of mesoinvertebrates and macroinvertebrates affected wood decomposition in the light of natural variations in the *** compared the relative importance of the two aspects(experimental treatment versus microclimate)on wood decay rates using Schima superba as a standard *** Coarse woody debris(CWD)was deposited in litter bags with two different mesh sizes in a total of 134 plots along a gradient of canopy tree species richness(0-24 species).Wood decomposition was assessed at two consecutive time points,one and three years after deposition in the *** climatic conditions were assessed throughout the duration of the *** conditions were assessed both,directly in the field as well as indirectly via correlations with local *** used analysis of variance based approaches to assess the relative importance of the treatments(community tree species richness and macro invertebrate exclusion)and microclimatic conditions on wood *** Findings No direct influence of tree species richness on wood decay could be ***,the exclusion of macroinvertebrates significantly decreased wood decomposition *** addition,microclimatic conditions accounted for a substantial proportion of explained variance in the observed ***,wood decomposition was negatively affected by low mean temperatures and high variations in local humidity and ***,tree species richness as well as the respective species composition affected the presence of termites within forest ***,in turn,significantly increased the decay of *** strength of both,experimental treatment and microclimate increased with o

关键词： wood decomposition microclimate litter bag tree species diversity community composition

RNA/DNA Ratio and LPL and MyoD mRNA Expressions in Muscle of Oreochromis niloticus Fed with Elevated Levels of Palm Oil

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2016年第1期15卷 184-192页

作者： christian Larbi AYISI ZHAO Jinliang Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fishery Germplasm Resources Ministry of Agriculture Shanghai Ocean University Shanghai 201306 P. R. China L & A Aquaculture Research and Training Centre P.O Box 2 Adukrom Akuapem Eastern Region Ghana

Palm oil is of great potential as one of the sustainable alternatives to fish oil(FO) in *** this present study,five isonitrogenous diets(32% crude protein) with elevated palm oil levels of 0%,2%,4%,6% and 8% were used during an 8-week feeding trial to evaluate its effects on RNA/DNA ratio and lipoprotein lipase(LPL) and Myo D m RNA expressions in muscle of Oreochromis *** results showed that RNA,DNA content as well as ratio of RNA to DNA were significantly affected(P < 0.05),in each case the highest was recorded in fish group subjected to 6% palm oil *** was a strong positive correlation between nucleic acid concentration(RNA concentration and RNA:DNA ratio) and specific growth rate(SGR),protein efficiency ratio(PER),while a negative correlation existed between nucleic acid concentration(RNA concentration and RNA:DNA ratio) and feed conversion ratio(FCR).The m RNA expressions of LPL and Myo D in muscle were not significantly affected by the different palm oil levels,although the highest expression was observed in fish fed with 6% palm oil *** also existed a strong positive correlation between the m RNA expression of LPL,Myo D and SGR,PER,while their correlation with FCR was *** conclusion,elevated palm oil affected the RNA,DNA concentration as well as RNA/DNA ratio significantly,although the m RNA expression of LPL and Myo D were not affected significantly by elevated palm oil levels.

关键词： Oreochromis niloticus palm oil RNA: DNA ratio LPL MyoD gene expression

Description of Cephalodella changdensis sp. nov. (Rotifera: Notommatidae) from Hunan Province, China

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2020年第6期38卷 1900-1906页

作者： WEI Nan JERSABEK christian D YANG Yufeng South China Institute of Environmental Sciences Ministry of Ecology and EnvironmentGuangzhou 510530China Department of Biosciences University of SalzburgA-5020 SalzburgAustria Department of Ecology and Institute of Hydrobiology Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China

A new freshwater rotifer Cephalodella changdensis *** in two locations in Changde,Hunan,China,is described *** new species is characterized by body shape moderately elongate,double eyespots frontally,toes conical and almost straight,about one fourth of total length,trophi type B(classification after Wulfert,1937),rami asymmetrical with a pair of long alulae,fulcrum inverted T-shaped(ventral/dorsal view)with dorsally directed distal projection(lateral view),and manubria asymmetrical,left one slightly longer and stronger,with J-shaped or crutch-shaped posterior ends.

关键词： rotifer new species Cephalodella changdensis sp.nov. taxonomy trophi asymmetrical

Ecological intensification of agriculture through biodiversity management:introduction

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2023年第6期16卷 1-4页

作者： Bernhard Schmid christian Schöb Department of Geography Remote Sensing LaboratoriesUniversity of ZurichWinterthurerstrasse 1908057 ZürichSwitzerland Universidad Rey Juan Carlos Calle Tulipán s/n28933 MóstolesSpain

A major feature of humans is that they can attain much higher population densities than any non-domestic animal species of similar body size(Damuth 1987).This is most likely due to the invention of agriculture(Herrera and Garcia-Bertrand 2018),which allowed humans to manage ecosystems in such a way that as much biomass as possible is converted into food(Vitousek et al.1986).

关键词： Ecological likely agriculture

Alzheimer’s in a dish-induced pluripotent stem cell-based disease modeling

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2019年第1期8卷 257-269页

作者： Sherida de Leeuw christian Tackenberg Institute for Regenerative Medicine University of ZurichSchlierenSwitzerland Neuroscience Center Zurich University of Zurich and ETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland

Background:Since the discovery of the induced pluripotent stem cell(iPSC)technique more than a decade ago,extensive progress has been made to develop clinically relevant cell culture ***’s disease(AD)is the most common neurodegenerative disease,accounting for approximately two thirds of all cases of *** massively increasing number of affected individuals explains the major interest of research in this disease as well as the strong need for better understanding of disease *** body:IPSC-derived neural cells have been widely used to recapitulating key aspects of *** this Review we highlight the progress made in studying AD pathophysiology and address the currently available techniques,such as specific differentiation techniques for AD-relevant cell types as well as 2D and 3D ***,we critically discuss the key challenges and future directions of this field and how some of the major limitations of the iPSC technique may be ***:Stem cell-based disease models have the potential to induce a paradigm shift in biomedical *** particular,the combination of the iPSC technology with recent advances in gene editing or 3D cell cultures represents a breakthrough for in vitro disease modeling and provides a platform for a better understanding of disease mechanisms in human cells and the discovery of novel therapeutics.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease Induced pluripotent stem cells iPSC-derived neurons iPSC-derived astrocytes iPSCderived microglia Disease modeling

Limb symmetry index in competitive alpine ski racers:Reference values and injury risk identification according to age-related performance levels

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2018年第4期7卷 405-415页

作者： Lisa Steidl-Müller Carolin Hildebrandt Erich Müiller christian Fink christian Raschner Department of Sport Science University oflnnsbruekInnsbruck 6020Austria Department of Sport Science and Kinesiology University of SalzburgSalzburg 5400Austria Research Unit for Orthopedic Sports Medicine and Injury Prevention Institute of Psychology（ISAG）The Health ＆ Life Sciences University（UMIT）Innsbruck 6020Austria Gelenkpunkt-Sports and Joint Surgery Innsbruck 6020Austria Corresponding author.E-mail address：lisa.steidl-mueller@uibk.ac.at

Purpose： The aims of this study were to assess differences of limb symmetry index （LSI） in strength- and coordination-related tasks between high-level, competitive, noninjured ski racers of different age-related performance levels and to prospectively assess limb differences as a possible risk factor for traumatic and overuse injury in youth ski racers. Methods： The study （Study 1） included 285 high-level competitive ski racers （125 females, 160 males） of 3 age-related performance levels and based on the school system： 95 youth （10-14 years, secondary modem school）, 107 adolescent （15-19 years, grammar school）, and 83 elite athletes （20-34 years）. To investigate the second aim （Study 2）, 67 of the 95 youth athletes were included and any traumatic or overuse injuries were prospectively recorded over 2 seasons. All athletes performed 4 unilateral tests （strength related： one-leg counter movement jump （OL-CMJ） and one-leg isometric/isokinetic press strength test （OL-ILS）; coordination related： one-leg stability test （OL-ST） and one-leg speedy jump test （OL-SJ））. The LSI was calculated by dividing the dominant leg by the nondominant leg and multiplying by 100. Kruskal-Wallis H tests and binary logistic regression analyses were conducted. Results： There were significant differences between the LSI of the 3 age-related performance-level groups only in the strength-related tests： the OL-CMJ （X^2（2, 285） = 9.09; p = 0.01） and the OL-ILS （X^2（2,285） = 14.79; p 〈 0.01）. The LSI for OL-ILS was found to be a significant risk factor for traumatic injury in youth ski racers （Wald = 7.08; p 〈 0.01）. No significant risk factors were found for overuse injuries. Conclusion： Younger athletes display slightly greater LSI values only in the strength-related tests. The cut-off value of limb differences of 〈 10% for return to sport decisions seems to be appropriate for elite athletes, but for youth and adolescent athletes it has to be critically discussed. It seems to be necessary to defi

关键词： Age-related performance levels Alpine ski racing Injury risk Limb differences Youth athletes

Values-limits of economic rationality and imperialism of culture

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Economic and Political Studies 2016年第2期4卷 101-121页

作者： christian Krijnen Department of Philosophy Faculty of Humanities at VU University AmsterdamThe Netherlands

In European politics,the issue of neo-liberalism is both dominant and *** political position has a foundation in an influential economic *** economic variant of a universal theory of human behaviour is known as‘economic imperialism’.It is very influential in the other social sciences as ***‘rationalchoice-model’(RCM)is frequently employed to explain social *** RCM,formally speaking,is the approach of neoclassical economic *** scrutinising some presuppositions of economic imperialism,it becomes clear,however,that this approach cannot offer a universal theory of human *** considerations are not a criticism of economic rationality as such but of a specific interpretation of this rationality,namely that of economic *** basic ideas of the RCM are criticised within the discourse of economics itself,such criticism has a primarily empirical *** contrast,this article develops a reflexive argument that concerns the framework of the RCM *** starts from assumptions that it does not justify,or is even unable to *** of these assumptions are discussed in-depth:the givenness of preferences and the quantifiability of *** turns out that preferences of rational beings are not merely given but continuously ***,preferences qua goals of action have a non-quantitative character:they are constituted by *** make up the foundation of(quantifiable)goods or preferences in the economic sense.

关键词： Culture economic imperialism philosophy of values rational choice model rationality

Development of fungal cell factories for the production of secondary metabolites:Linking genomics and metabolism

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2017年第1期2卷 5-12页

作者： Jens christian Nielsen Jens Nielsen Chalmers University of Technology Kemivagen 10Sweden

The genomic era has revolutionized research on secondary metabolites and bioinformatics methods have in recent years revived the antibiotic discovery process after decades with only few new active molecules being *** computational tools are driven by genomics and metabolomics analysis,and enables rapid identification of novel secondary *** translate this increased discovery rate into industrial exploitation,it is necessary to integrate secondary metabolite pathways in the metabolic engineering *** this review,we will describe the novel advances in discovery of secondary metabolites produced by filamentous fungi,highlight the utilization of genome-scale metabolic models(GEMs)in the design of fungal cell factories for the production of secondary metabolites and review strategies for optimizing secondary metabolite production through the construction of high yielding platform cell factories.

关键词： Secondary metabolism Fungi Biosynthetic gene clusters Genome mining Metabolic modeling Cell factories

Forsythosides as Essential Components of Forsythia-based Traditional Chinese Medicines Used to Treat Inflammatory Diseases and COVID-19

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World Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2022年第1期8卷 1-20页

作者： christian Bailly OncoWitan Scientific Consulting OfficeLille(Wasquehal59290)France

The dried fruits of the plant Forsythia suspensa(Forsythia Fructus: Lianqiao in Chinese) are used in many herbal preparations to treat various diseases or the associated symptoms. Forsythia extracts contain phenylethanoid glycosides(Ph Gs) such as the forsythosides(Fst A-to-P). The leading products, Fst-A,-B and-F(arenarioside), can be found also in >90 other plants inventoried here. The pharmacological properties of Fst are reviewed, with emphasis on their anticancer, antiviral, and antibacterial activities, which essentially derive from their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Fst-B functions as a potential binder of the repressor protein Kelch-like ECH-association protein 1(Keap 1), thus promoting the nuclear translocation of the transcription factor Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2) implicated in the subsequent activation of the production of antioxidant enzymes and repression of the oxidative stress. The regulation of the Nrf2/Heme oxygenase-1 pathway is the central piece of the multifaceted mechanism of action of Fst-A/B. Their prominent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects support the use of these compounds in different inflammation-related diseases and conditions, from sepsis to neuroprotection and many other pathologies discussed here. In addition, these properties contribute to the antiviral action of the compounds. Fst-A/B displays activities against the influenza A virus and different Fst-containing traditional Chinese medicinal(TCMs) have revealed beneficial effects to combat the current COVID-19 pandemic. The mechanisms whereby Fst-A/B could inhibit viral multiplication are discussed. Ph Gs likely contribute to the anti-COVID-19 activities reported with several TCM such as Shuang-Huang-Lian oral liquid, Lianhua-Qingwen capsules, and others. This review highlights the pharmacological profile of Fst and illustrates health benefits associated with the use of Forsythia Fructus.

关键词： Chinese medicine COVID-19 forsythia forsythoside mechanism of action natural products phenylethanoid glycosides